Dr. Ivan Van Sertima Nile Valley Contributions

In fact, that Pushkin had on their literature, and I want to quote you something that they say about Pushkin. Pushkin is of immense importance not only in the history of Russian literature, but also in the history of Russian and like-minton. He was the first to teach the Russian public to read. In his verse, the living Russian language has made known to us for the first time. The actual Russian world with open-bite was, or were churned and delighted by the mighty armies of this new poetry, the like of which had never before been known. And that is by great Russian critic to draw you a new ball. And there are several Russian critics who have commanded on his work, but he got into trouble quite early as most brilliant young men do. He started to write things that the government felt unhappy about. And he was forced. He was banished. And then he was forced to stop writing and he came back and got involved in all sorts of silly adventures. He married a woman who was almost a child to him. She had a lover and he challenged her lover to duel and he was killed. And when he died, they had to stop the universities. They had to stop students from the universities filing classes. They are because they were afraid of the profound influence pushkin hat on the people. There were many major black figures to which emerged in the church. Few of you are aware of the black phones. Some of them are free black phones. Some of them are one of them. And for the big question, talk about the three of them is one Victor. The first who profoundly affected. He was in one of the six AD. He profoundly affected the Catholic church because he was a person who forced the Asian Christians to accept what other Christians were doing to have Easter on Sunday. Then you have Pope Nettis. Harry is quite clearly. This picture is quite clear. He is African not only in color but in the picture. There is no richer black here. Richly black color. And yet he is represented later as well. And you find this with all the three folks. Very clearly African, African, parents, etc. Here you are. And yet he is represented later as you repeat. And you find that he had tremendous influence on the church because it was on the Him that Maxent. The Emperor Maxentia started to give back properties back to the church. And it was Pope Nettis. He had to help in bringing back these possessions back to the church. And you find it was during that period that constant time was converted. Emperor constant time. And he started to return. He was converted to Christian. He started to return all of Ecclesiastical buildings to the black Pope. So that even the building which now has become the Vatican was returned to Pope Nettis. And you also have Pope Galatius around 4.5080. That's not exactly that. It is around that time that you have Pope Galatius. And you have this influence he created. One of the standard mass, mass books for the masses. Book of the mass. Okay. One of the standard books of the mass. And you also have quite an influence on the church. And was able to maintain unity in the church in spite of great schism. Tubers are aware of the saints. They are 35 black saints in the Catholic Church. This was the patron saint of Germany. Quite clear, and African. It's the Saint Maurice. And there's only around after the time of just before Hitler that he was removed. This patron saint of Germany. Also have quite a number of figures who he murdered. Results of the A zones. Between members of the royal family. Most of the French kings had black mysticists. And one of the French kings Louis XIV is right paid in back in her own coin by having a black lover. It's led to the birth of the black daughter. To the king of France. King Louis XIV. She was a black daughter. When she was born, the king said to his doctors, how come I gave birth to a black daughter. And the doctor said, you see that man in your court novel. From the queen is so fond of it. It is possible that he looked at her. Why she was pregnant. And the king said it must have been a very penetrating look. You will see her picture in the book Black women in antiquity which is on sale here. The non of Moray, the black non of Moray. She was put into non-ore because of the scandal. She was put into the non-ore. The Duke of Traz, fell in love with her. But he was forbidden to marry her by the king. And I think she died by tragic collision. But you could barely in the royal family. You could go to visit her in this monastery where she was put. You also have men who became, this is the Duke of Florence. Who ruled over the Duke of Florence. He was a result of liaison between one of the Pope's. Clement VII. And a black mistress. And he was Cardinal when he had the fair cardinal there with each. And he became a Pope. And his son was made Duke of Florence. And he went there for some time until he was brutally assassinated. You also have the origins of Othello. It was an actually a black man here. It's the white man. One of the Gonzávez, who married a black woman. I'm sorry if some of you get out of see this very easily. Who married a black woman. This is in the home of the roof. On the ceiling rather, it's black white. And her daughter, the melato. And then comes Othello. Who married that's the Mona. And Marda Taran Christmas Day. So it was an actual story. It was recorded by since you. And then the novel was taken up by Shakespeare. And it is on this actual black figure that he built Othello. We have quite a number of figures that emerge in European religious and royal families as a result of the mixing and melting of the races in these contents. I have tried to touch on and this is just a glimpse. I have tried to touch on some of the movements of Africans in the Europe, the movement of the Hathan, his garrison, the movement of Baticus and the Spain, the movement of the Egyptian ideas and philosophies and sciences in the Greece, the movement of the Caribbean, on the Hanibal at the time, when you have a predominantly African element in cabbage, the movement of the moors, both black and other types coming into Europe at the time and having a profound influence on European science, which was to be to some extent responsible for the European Renaissance. And I have touched on other figures. There are quite a number of them figures in Russia, in France, in Portugal, in particular three of the Portuguese king turned out with African-Tide features with frizzy hair, with broad notes, with full lips as a result of various liaison between the kings and their mistresses. So that you have this unsuspective and little-known influence of Africans on Europe itself. The story we have often been told is simply the story of European influence on Africans and therefore comes in a sense as a corrective to the image and vision of the African as a passive being as a nerve-pulling sense to the point which you have been images and ideas are planted. I want to end this lecture because there's going to be a lot of times the questions I want to end this lecture by pointing to the fact that a great dimension is being done with a black psyche and it is not just the question of black consciousness and the question of the consciousness of the world being changed. We cannot merely free the black consciousness of other people who have looked at the black in a certain way as to be free. And this is not just a question only of race because there are many of our black brothers and sisters who are more racist in the relationship to their own people. Because this is something we have internalized as I have found people with white skins who do not partake of this sort of racial consciousness. We have to be colorware of that fact that it is a state of mind. We have to change this. It is not since merely changing as we have found in many parts of the world. You change one leader with one type of spirit.