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cytomegalovirus, human papilloma virus, various herpes viruses and the hepatitis B virus) have been suspected of causing or complicating prostate cancer. Despite the scientific prejudice against cancer-causing bacteria, | have reported on bacteria in various forms of cancer. cytomegalovirus, human papilloma virus, various reasons physicians do not identify bacteria in cancer is herpes viruses and the hepatitis B virus) have been that the haematoxylin-eosin tissue stain, routinely suspected of causing or complicating prostate cancer. employed by pathologists, does not adequately stain Despite the scientific prejudice against cancer-causing cancer microbes. bacteria, | have reported on bacteria in various forms Having retired from dermatologic practice a decade of cancer. earlier, | had never had the opportunity to study In December 2003, my partner was diagnosed with prostate cancer and | was curious to see if bacteria prostate cancer. At the time, he was a 68-year-old could be identified in this disease. Because bacteria Italian-American in good are small, it is necessary to health. His PSA was study the tissue at the highest abnormally elevated to 9.0, and possible magnification (1,000 a digital rectal examination by Could bacteria in prostate times) of the light microscope, the urologist revealed a using oil immersion. hardened area on the right side collagen cause the A thorough search of the of the gland. Biopsies of the . . * cancerous tissue revealed prostate gland were positive biochemical elevation of the easily detectable bacteria, for cancer. A prostatectomy, protein antigen detected by particularly in the connective along with removal of the the PSA test? tissue areas adjacent to the surrounding lymph nodes, was . main tumour mass. The performed in March 2004. microbes were observed in Microscopic examination of tightly packed clusters of round this tissue showed the cancer "coccoid" forms seemingly entirely confined to the prostate, with no cancerous embedded in a matrix (figure 1). Sometimes a cell nodes. nucleus could be clearly observed with the coccoid In view of my previous cancer microbe studies, | forms surrounding it (figure 2). Extracellular forms— requested that the pathologist supply me with a Fite- forms that escape from the tight bacterial clusters and stained tissue section of his prostate cancer. The Fite scatter in the tissue—were also visible. The size of stain is an "acid-fast" stain traditionally used for the — these round coccoid forms varied. Most were the size detection of acid-fast tuberculosis-type bacteria. It is | of ordinary staphylococci. Some were so tiny they he essential staining technique required for the _ were barely visible. detection of cancer-associated bacteria. One of the Cancer microbes have an affinity for collagen—the . connective tissue "glue" protein that - helps hold together the cells and tissues of the body. Could bacteria in prostate collagen cause the biochemical elevation of the protein \ antigen detected by the PSA test? By definition, antigens are often defined as foreign substances produced by bacteria and viruses. In 2004, my research showing microphotographs of prostate cancer bacteria was posted on the website of the Journal of Independent Medical Research (www.joimr.org). ee Could bacteria in prostate collagen cause the biochemical elevation of the protein antigen detected by the PSA test? In view of my previous cancer microbe studies, | requested that the pathologist supply me with a Fite- stained tissue section of his prostate cancer. The Fite stain is an "acid-fast" stain traditionally used for the detection of acid-fast tuberculosis-type bacteria. It is the essential staining technique required for the detection of cancer-associated bacteria. One of the Confirmation of prostate cancer bacteria To my knowledge, no tissue investigations into bacteria as a cause of prostate cancer were ever performed during the entire 20th century. However, over the past few years, several investigators have confirmed the presence of bacteria (particularly a species called Propionibacterium acnes) in prostate 18 *« NEXUS APRIL - MAY 2009 www.nexusmagazine.com