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NEWSCIENCENEWSCIENCENEWSCIENCE FUEL VAPORISATION AND OPTIMUM COMBUSTION pollution (mainly in the form of unburned fuel) is significantly decreased by using a vaporiser. Proof that this is a viable, emerging technology comes from a team of engineers in Canada that have built a Vapor Car. This high-performance vehicle is reportedly able to achieve over 90 miles per gallon of gas, using vaporisation technology (see http://www.fuelvaporcar.com/). There are related technologies that use vapour extraction. One of the most interesting of these is called "hydrogen on demand". This is based on the same technique of vaporising a liquid into a gas. In this case, the liquid fuel is water. The hydrogen and oxygen gas is generated from water, using a small amount of electricity and a catalytic compound. FUEL VAPORISATION AND pollution (mainly in the form of unburned demonstrated improved vehicle fuel OPTIMUM COMBUSTION fuel) is significantly decreased by using a _ efficiency over spark plugs in both required by Robert M. Stanley © June 2007 vaporiser. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Proof that this is a viable, emerging __ testing and initial company tests. n October 2004, I wrote a brief article technology comes from a team of engineers Pulstar, which holds eight US and [es a revolutionary new spark plug in Canada that have built a Vapor Car. This foreign patents, is the first capacitor- called the FireStorm [see NEXUS __ high-performance vehicle is reportedly able _ enhanced spark plug, called a "pulse plug". 12/02]. As a result, thousands of NEXUS _ to achieve over 90 miles per gallon of gas, The Pulstar pulse plug provided a 2.7 per readers contacted me requesting more using vaporisation technology (see cent improvement in fuel efficiency over information. Although most people just _ http://www.fuelvaporcar.com/). conventional spark plugs in the EPA test. wanted to save money on fuel, many others There are related technologies that use Internal tests conducted by Enerpulse, who wrote to me were inventors and vapour extraction. One of the most _ using an actual driving cycle, demonstrated investors with interesting new ideas and __ interesting of these is called "hydrogen on a nearly 9.0 per cent improvement in fuel insights regarding "green" technology. demand". This is based on the same _ efficiency. Enerpulse has also performed From them I learned a lot about fuel and _ technique of vaporising a liquid into a gas. _ the industry-recognised dynamometer test ignition, which I will now share with you. In this case, the liquid fuel is water. The to determine torque and horsepower output. In June 2007, I spoke on the phone with hydrogen and oxygen gas is generated from This test's results show a 7.0 per cent Robert Krupa, the inventor of the water, using a small amount of electricity improvement in torque and a 10.5 per cent FireStorm spark plug. For unspecified and a catalytic compound. improvement in horsepower output over park plug Pp y' Ip Pp: Pp P reasons, after many years he still had regular spark plugs. not gone into production of his space- Pulse plugs represent a whole new age ignition system. A category of ignition devices. Although “However, when Tasked Mr Krupa if Although they look like spark they look like spark plugs and fit into is spark plug would work as promised plugs and fit into the engine the engine exactly like spark plugs, their without adjusting the air/fuel mixture, technology is based on pulse power—a he stated that he could not get the same exactly like spark plugs, their well-recognised technology used in results (more power, higher mileage and technology is based on pulse laser, X-ray and radar products. ower emissions) without "leaning" out "What makes Pulstar different from the air/fuel to a 30:1 ratio. Tasked Mr power—a technology also spark plugs is its built-in capacitor, Krupa that specific question because it used in laser, X-ray and radar which stores the ignition's electrical turns out that the answer to getting more power and then discharges it in an horsepower and mileage out of a gallon products. intense plasma ball," said Enerpulse of gasoline is not found in a more CEO Daniel Parker. "Pulstar is capable owerful ignition system. of delivering up to 10,000 times the Vaporisation is the actual key to power of an average spark plug, which optimum combustion. All modern spark The hydrogen/oxygen gas is then fedinto translates into greater fuel efficiency, plugs are powerful enough to ignite a an internal combustion engine to generate increased torque and horsepower and properly vaporised fuel. clean power. The drawback with this is reduced hydrocarbon emissions. In fact, Gasoline or petrol is most efficiently that hydrogen/oxygen gas is highly — spark plugs can be compared to the low- burned in a gaseous state, not a liquid state. corrosive and will damage metal over time. power output of a flashlight, while pulse Thanks to the many letters I received from The current, rather complex, solution to plugs generate intense power like the NEXUS readers, I was informed that there this problem involves coating a metallic brightness emitted from a camera's flash are hundreds of devices that vaporise liquid — engine with ceramic. bulb." petroleum into a gaseous state. The big question is: who will build the Enerpulse, a privately held company This is a confirmed method for best commercial fuel vaporiser? I assure headquartered in Albuquerque, New dramatically improving the efficiency of you, inventors and engineers around the Mexico, was founded in 1996. The any liquid fuel. One of the most simplistic world are working on this and other company develops environmentally yet ingenious methods of vaporisation 1 futuristic vaporisation technologies. Itis friendly ignition products through the have seen so far involves running the fuel just a matter of time before we all benefit application of pulse power technology. pump in reverse to send air into the bottom from these green machines. For more information, visit of the gas tank. The rapidly expanding, PS: Following is an important news __ http://www.pulstarplug.com. oo vaporised gas is then routed out of the top item. Apparently someone beat Krupa at (Source: Business Wire, 23 January 2006, of the tank via the fuel hose to the engine. his own game. However, asI saidinmy http://findarticles.com/p/articles/ A far more complex system of update, improved ignition alone doesn't —mi_mO0EIN/is_2006_Jan_23/ai_n16018827) vaporisation is US Patent No. 4,323,043, _ really solve the problem. awarded in 1982 for one variety of fuel About the Author: vaporisation technology. This patent Breakthrough Ignition Technology Robert M. Stanley is a California-based clearly indicates that any internal | ae products company Enerpulse, writer and researcher specialising in combustion engine's horsepower and miles- Inc. announced today [23 January 2006] _ technology trends. He can be contacted per-gallon can be increased, while _ that its pulse plug prototype, Pulstar™, has by email at rstanley@socal.rr.com. About the Author: Robert M. Stanley is a California-based writer and researcher specialising in technology trends. He can be contacted by email at rstanley@socal.rr.com. Breakthrough Ignition Technology | ae products company Enerpulse, Inc. announced today [23 January 2006] that its pulse plug prototype, Pulstar™, has 50 + NEXUS by Robert M. Stanley © June 2007 www.nexusmagazine.com AUGUST - SEPTEMBER 2007