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Tesla's calculated power levels have been conservatively estimated and recently updated with contemporary physics calculations by Dr Elizabeth Rauscher. For example, Professor Rauscher shows that the Earth's ionosphere and magnetosphere contain sufficient potential energy, at least three billion kilowatts (three terawatts) respectively, so that the resonant excitation of the Earth-ionosphere cavity can reasonably be expected to increase the amplitude of natural "Schumann" frequencies, facilitating the capture of useful electrical power. Tesla knew that the Earth could be treated as one big spherical conductor and the ionosphere as another, bigger, spherical conductor, so that together they have parallel plates and thus comprise a "spherical capacitor".'* Rauscher calculates the capacitance to be about 15,000 microfarads for the complete Earth-ionosphere cavity capacitor. In 1952, W. O. Schumann predicted the "self-oscillations" of the conducting sphere of the Earth, surrounded by an air layer and ionosphere, without knowing that Tesla had found the Earth's fundamental frequency 50 years earlier.’ "All that is necessary," says Dr James Corum, "is that Tesla's trans- mitter power and carrier frequency be capable of round-the-world prop- agation." In fact, Tesla (in the Los Angeles Times, December 1904) stated: "With my transmitter I actu- ally sent electrical vibrations around the world and received them again, and I then went on to develop my machinery." Dr Corum notes in an article on Tesla's ELF (extremely low frequency) oscillator that the tuned circuit of Tesla's magnifying transmitter was the whole Earth-ionosphere cavity."” Corum explains that a mechanical analogue of the lumped-circuit Tesla ae at coil is an easier model for engineers _Tesla's 187-foot Wardencly! to understand. From a mechanical unfinished for the next 1 engineering viewpoint, the power plant is in "magnifying factor" can be successfully applied to such a circuit. "The circuit is limited only by the circuit resistance. At resonance, the current through the circuit rises until the voltage across the resistance is equal to the source voltage. This circuit was a source of deep frustration to Edison because voltmeter readings taken around the loop did not obey Kirchoff's laws!""* As a result, Edison claimed such a circuit was only good for electrocution chairs. Furthermore, the power loss experienced by Tesla's pulsed electrostatic discharge mode of propagation was less than five per cent over 25,000 miles. Dr Van Voorhies states that "path losses are 0.25 dB/Mm at 10 Hz"—which is so minimal it is difficult to believe for engineers who are used to transverse waves, a resistive medium and line-of-sight propagation modes that can dissipate 10 dB/km at 5 MHz.” The capacitive dome of the Wardenclyffe Tower, like the conductive balloon of Tesla's patent #645,576, is a key to understanding the longitudinal waves. Dr Rauscher quotes Tesla: "Later he compared it to a Van de Graaff generator. He also explained the — purpose of Wardenclyffe: '...one does not need to be an expert to understand that a device of this kind is not a producer of electricity like a dynamo, but merely a receiver or collector with amplifying qualities'."*! Only a few great physicists, like Dr Elizabeth Rauscher, Dr James Corum and Dr Konstantin Meyl,*? have realised that Tesla was very practical when he proposed the resonant genera- tion and wireless transmission of use- ful electrical power. Tesla's knowl- edge of atmospheric electricity trans- duction was so extensive and reliable that, said Jim Corum (who has been funded to continue Tesla's work): "You just have to do exactly what Tesla did and you will consistently get the same results he did."* After returning from his experi- ments at Colorado Springs in 1900, Nikola Tesla stated: "If we use fuel to get our power, we are living on our capital and exhausting it rapidly. This method is barbarous and wantonly wasteful and will have to be stopped in the interest of coming generations."* In view of our present fossil-fuel- os caused global warming, Tesla seems eae The twodtoey very prophetic from his vantage point the background. of a century ago. Tesla's 187-foot Wardenclyffe Tower in 1903; it stood unfinished for the next 14 years. The two-storey power plant is in the background. HIGH TRANSMISSION INTEGRITY AND LOW LOSS Tesla stated: "As to the transmission of power through space, that is a project which I considered absolutely certain of success long since. Years ago I was in the position to transmit wireless power to any distance without limit other than that imposed by the physical dimensions of the globe. In my system it makes no difference what the distance is. The efficiency of the transmission can be as high as 96 or 97 per cent, and there are practically no losses except such as are inevitable in the running of the machinery. When there is no receiver, there is no energy consumption anywhere. When the receiver is put on, it draws power. That is the exact opposite of the Hertz-wave system. In that case, if you have a plant of 1,000 horsepower (750 kW), it is radiating all the time whether the energy is received or not; but in my system no power is lost. When there are no receivers, the plant consumes only a few horsepower necessary to maintain the vibration; it runs idle, as the Edison plant when the lamps and motors are shut off."** EARTH'S RENEWABLE ENERGY Tesla's World System activates the Earth's renewable electrical storage battery, which normally sits dormant except during light- ning strikes. Regarding simply the electrostatic energy storage capacity of the ionosphere, Dr Oleg Jefimenko, author of Electrostatic Motors, explains that during one electrical storm, the atmospheric electric field dissipates at least 0.2 terawatts (billion kilowatts), indicating that the entire Earth must have even more total available energy.” APRIL — MAY 2005 NEXUS + 53 www.nexusmagazine.com