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Adverse Effects of Adjuvants in Vaccines between toxicity and adjuvanticity. vaccination. JAMA 151:1169-1175. Vaccine 11(4). ¢ Salk, J.E., Lewis, L.J., Younger, J.S. and immune response to diphtheria toxoid, tetanus * Henle, W. and Henle, G., 1945. Effect of adju- Bennett, B.L., 1953. The use of adjuvants to toxoid, pertussis and hepatitis B surface anti- vants on vaccination of human beings against facilitate studies on the immunologic classifica- gens. Infect. Immunity 51:784. influenza. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol., NY tion of poliomyelitis viruses. Am. J. Hyg. * DeVries, P., Van Binnendijk, R.S., Van der 59:179-181. 54:157-173. Marel, P., Van Wezel, A.L. et al., 1988. * Hilleman, M.R., 1966. Critical appraisal of ¢ Waksman, B.H., 1962. Auto-immunization Measles virus fusion protein presented in an emulsified oil adjuvants applied to viral vaccine. _and the lesions of auto-immunity. Medicine immune-stimulating complex (ISCOM) induces Prog. in Med. Virology 8:131-182. 41:93-141. hemolysis-inhibiting and fusion-inhibiting anti- * Lovgren, K. and Morein, B., 1990. The . bodies, virus-specific T-cells and protection in ISCOM: An antigen delivery system with built- Al he Author: mice. J. Gen. Virol. 69:549. in adjuvant. Mol. Immunol. 28:285. Viera Scheibner, PhD, is a retired principal + Dolin, P.J., Faal, H., Johnson, G.J., Minassian, * McLaughlin, C.A., Schwartzman, S.M., research scientist with a doctorate in natural D. et al., 1997. Reduction of trachoma in a sub- Horner, B.L., Jones, G.H. et al., 1980. sciences. During her distinguished career, she Saharan village in absence of a disease control Regression of tumors in guinea pigs after treat- published three books and some 90 scientific papers in refereed scientific journals. programme. Lancet 349:1511-1512. ment with synthetic muramy] dipeptides and tre- . a + Friedwald, W.F., 1944, Adjuvants inimmu- _halose dimycolate. Science 208:415. Since the mid-1980s when she helped soe ae . . . . develop the Cotwatch breathing monitor for nization with influenza virus vaccines. J. Exp. ¢ Miller, L-F., Peckinpaugh, R.O., Arlander, babies at risk of cot death (sudden infant death Med. 80:477-491. T.R., Pierce, W.E. et al., 1965. Epidemiology of A *Gl AT. Buttle, GAH. and Stev. -ontion of * : di syndrome, or SIDS), Dr Scheibner has done lenny, A.T., Buttle, G.A.H. and Stevens, prevention of acute respiratory respiratory dis- extensive research into vaccines and vaccina- M.LF., 1926. Rate of disappearance of diphtheria _ease in naval recruits: II. Efficacy of adjuvant vo . ; . : . oe : tions. In 1993 she published her book, toxoid injected into rabbits and guinea pigs: tox- and aqueous adenovirus vaccines in prevention Vaccination: The Medical Assault on the oid precipitated with alum. J. Pathol. Bacteriol. _ of naval recruits respiratory disease. Am. J. Immune System, and in mid-2000 followed up 34:267. . Public Health 55:47-59. with Behavioural Problems in Childhood: * Grayston, J.T., Wang, S.P., Woolridge, R.L. ¢ Morein, B., Fossum, C., Lovgren, K. and Link to Vaccination (see review, 7/05). and Alexander, E.R., 1964. Prevention of tra- Hoglund, S., 1990. The ISCOM: a modern Dr Scheibner regularly conducts lectures, choma with vaccine. Arch. Environ. Health approach to vaccines. Semin. Virol. 1:49. attends conferences and debates, and is often 8:518-526. * Pittman, M., 1984. The concept of pertussis as asked by lawyers to provide expert testimony * Gregoriadis, G., 1976. The carrier potential of a toxin-mediated disease. Pediatric Infectious for vaccine-damage court cases. Her previous liposomes in biology and medicine (first of two Diseases 3(5):467-486. articles for NEXUS covered the SIDS/vaccines parts). New Eng. J. Med. 295:765. + Salk, J.E., 1951. Use of adjuvants in studies on link (2/05), the brain-eating bugs/vaccines * Gupta, R.K., Relyved, E.H., Lindblad, E.B., influenza vaccination. 3. Degree of persistence connection (3/03), and the shaken baby syn- Bizzini, B. et al., 1993. Adjuvants — a balance of antibody in human subjects two years after drome/vaccination link (5/05). 84 - NEXUS FEBRUARY — MARCH 2001