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ECHELON: The NSA's Global Spying Network
i fi 50. Shane and Bowman, ibid. Big Brother Spy Net", Financial Mail, UK,
Continued from page 83 BI. Ibid. March 1. 1998.
50. Shane and Bowman, ibid.
51. Ibid.
52. Merritt, John, "UK: GCHQ Spies on
Charities and Companies: Fearful
Whistleblowers Tell of Massive Routine Abuse",
Observer, London, June 18, 1992.
53. O'Shaughnessy, Hugh, "Thatcher Ordered
Lonrho Phone-Tap Over Harrods Affairs",
Observer, London, June 28, 1992; cited in
Hager, Nicky, Secret Power: New Zealand's
Role in the International Spy Network, Craig
Potton Publishing, Nelson, New Zealand, 1996,
p. 54.
54. "The Hill", Dispatches, BBC Channel 4,
October 6, 1993.
55. Bowman, Tom and Shane, Scott, "Battling
High-Tech Warriors," Baltimore Sun, December
15, 1995.
56. Dreyfuss, Robert, "Company Spies", Mother
Jones, May/June 1994.
57. Cited in Livesey, Bruce, "Trolling for
Secrets: Economic Espionage is the New Niche
for Government Spies", Financial Post, Canada,
February 28, 1998.
58. "US Spy Agency Helped US Companies
Win Business Overseas", Nikkei English News,
September 21, 1998.
59. Maier, Timothy W., "Did Clinton Bug
Conclave for Cash?", Insight, September 15,
1997. The three-article series is online at
.
60. Maier, Timothy W., "Snoops, Sex and
Videotape", Insight, September 29, 1997.
61. Fletcher, Matthew, "Cook Faces Quiz on
Big Brother Spy Net", Financial Mail, UK,
March 1, 1998.
62. Livesey, op. cit.
63. Frost and Gratton, ibid., pp. 224-227.
64. Redmond, Lucille, "Suddenly There Came
a Tapping...", The Sunday Business Post,
Ireland, March 9, 1998.
65. National Broadcasting Company, "Meet the
Press", August 17, 1975; transcript published by
Merkle Press, Washington, DC, 1975, p. 6;
quoted in Bamford, p. 477.
66. The full report can be found online at:
.
67. See .
68. Paterson, Tony, "US spy satellites ‘raiding
German firms' secrets", The Sunday Telegraph,
London, April 11, 1999.
69. Verton, Daniel, "Congress, NSA butt heads
over ECHELON", Federal Computer Week, June
3, 1999, .
40. Halperin and Berman, p. 153; US
Commission on CIA Activities within the
United States, Report to the President, US
Government Printing Office, Washington, DC,
1975, p. 144n3.
41. 50 USC Sec. 1801, et seq.
42. For more information on the FISC, refer to
this author's essay, "Inside America's Secret
Court: The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance
Court", The Privacy Papers, No. 2, Free
Congress Foundation, Washington, DC, 1998,
posted at author's website, at .
43. Frost, Mike and Gratton, Michel, Spyworld:
How CSE Spies on Canadians and the World,
Seal/McClelland-Bantam, Toronto, 1995, pp.
234-238.
44. Ibid., p. 238.
45. lbid., pp. 93-97.
46. Shane, Scott and Bowman, Tom, "Catching
Americans in NSA's Net", Baltimore Sun,
December 12, 1995.
47. Epstein, Keith C. and Long, John S.,
"Security Agency Accused of Monitoring US
Calls", Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 1, 1988,
pp. 1A, 10A.
48. Carey, Pete, "NSA Accused of Forbidden
Phone Taps", San Jose Mercury News, July 2,
1988, p. 1A.
49. Campbell, Duncan, "Somebody's
Listening", The New Statesman, August 12,
1988, p. 11.
About the Author:
Patrick S. Poole is a lecturer in government
and economics at Bannockburn College in
Franklin, Tennessee, USA, having previously
served as Deputy Director of the Center for
Technology Policy in Washington, DC. He
contributes frequently to several publications
on the topics of privacy and civil liberties.
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