Nexus - 0217 - New Times Magazine-pages

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stored for future use, or it could be used for the backing for gold deposit receipts. Municipal banks were large, powerful, efficient operations. Their advent pushed private banks into the back- ground for a time. stored for future use, or it could be used for the backing for gold _as in the case of Sicily, many of the Saracens and Jews remained. deposit receipts. Municipal banks were large, powerful, efficient This again presented the Christian rulers with the problem of the operations. Their advent pushed private banks into the back- —_ conquered aliens. ground for a time. To keep their industries and estates provided with workers, . efforts were made to ‘convert’ these aliens into Samaritans and The Middle Ages . , bring them into the Christian community. The four centuries lasting from the 1200s through the 1500s isa Aout 250,000 of these Jews who had lately been most misunderstood period. The ‘establishment’, with reason, M A ; oe : : ' ; johammedans easily switched their faith to Jesus. These new pnw = _ the period as being one of poverty, tyranny, dirt, Converts were called Maranos. In time all restrictions were ee . a removed from these new converts and they were accepted into the Such was hardly the case. The greatest display of a nation's Christian congregation of God with open arms. wealth, cathedrals, were built all over Germany, France and In spite of holy and canon law, some Maranos married into England during that period. The ‘skilled’ labour was mostly vol- sande families, the highest families socially in Spain. The unteer. Thorold Rogers, Professor at Oxford University in the ; nal 4 P middle of the last century wrote: “At that time a labourer could ane or _- Ld nh egress 2 paghe o eave all the necessities for his family for « year by working 14 Orléans in 538 AD all prohibited intermarriage of Jews and weeks." The rest of the time was his to do as he pleased. Many — Christians, Violators were excommunicated (Concil. Aurel. ii, parts of Europe were so prosperous during the 14th century that can. 19; Mansi, viii 838, can. 13; Mansi, ix 15). a nd ‘tan —_ wanes ep te — #4 Many of these new converts became priests. Some even year. Some laboured for themselves; some studied; some fished; 7 1 = ie 4 others volunteered their labour to build these massive a. Sa and archbishops. The law forbidding such things Lord Leverhume, writing at the same time, said: "The men of the 15th aon were very i paid.” From 1449 on the Maranos took over ‘high society’ and finance. While today one may find a few score visitors at one of the ppp et ho gel = i a PU Rifowapation ies indiscreet by letting it be known that they were not really leisure for 100,000 pilgrims 2 i.e $< Christians. The King formed the re " : Inquisition to investigate the matter. to visit Canterbury and other shrines. Theic fidings onme like & thunder. lays eopaladon at Comsined 10 The four centuries lasting from the bolt. The Maranos were holding This same William Cobbett record- 1200s through the 1500s is a most 2*Wis! religious services while pre: ed in his Rural Rides that when he 8 tending to be Christians. This had viewed Winchester Cathedral he sai: misunderstood period. es That Colinng Gas male cis ‘establishment’, with reason, Based on the ‘prohibition’ of bas- were no poor rates; when every i Pe Liasdl ; labouring man in England was clothed wishes to portray the period as on¢ itr stempied to sight matters in good woollen cloth; and when all had plenty of meat and bread...” being one of poverty, tyranny, dirt, geo pe a a This was oo agp poeta wantin iy and backwardness Th et ( is Jews were considered 'bas- pm ot . eo Such was hardly the case. tards' for two reasons. First, they pressure of ‘due bills’. As a conse- could not pass the "blush test’ since they were kinsmen to the dark- skinned Turko-Finns who had immi- grated into Spain from southern Russia over the prior five centuries. Next, they had interbred extensively with their former Mohammedan rulers, another group closely affiliated with, and kin to, these same Turko-Finns. The Spanish test limpieze de sangre to determine who was a mixed-breed and who wasn't was easily administered. It was RETURN OF USURY TO THE WEST merely a form of ‘blush test’. One simply raised one's sleeve where there was no sunburn and if the blue veins were visible it The Maranos meant that one was a ‘blue blood’. If you were a 'blue blood’, you . _ were neither a Marano, Moresco, nor other mixed breed. This The Saracens conquered Spain as they had Sicily. They con- —_ wag alll there was to the world-renowned test of ‘blue blood’. quered the Jews who lived there among the Christians. These In 1492 the Maranos were expelled from Spain. Many went to Jewish captives easily adopted the religion of their conquerors Arab countries and became violent anti-Christians. Some went to and became honoured and respected members of the spanish and Portuguese possessions in the New World. Others Mohammedan community and married freely into their ranks. went to Holland where, according to the Universal Jewish The Arabs pushed on over the Pyrenees mountains into France Encyclopaedia, p. 433, "The return of the Maranos to Judaism in a where they fought a large Christian army at Tours. They lost this free Holland signified the casting off of the oppressive shackles..." hard-fought battle and were forced back into Spain. (meaning Christianity). Still others went to England where they The Spanish Christians had not surrendered when the _ pretended to be Spanish-Christians. An Englishman didn't know Mohammedans swept through Spain, but waged a holy war the difference. against the infidels from strongholds left to them in the moun- The history of the Mohammedans closely parallels that of the tains. These wars lasted for centuries. Jewish Maranos, Presented with the option of conversion, expul- Over the years the Spanish Christians gradually beat the sion or death, many naturally chose conversion. The Jewish Mohammedans back and re-conquered the land of Spain. Again, | Maranos were expelled in 1492 and the Mohammedan Morescos quence the lands were with material and spiritual wealth. The municipal banks, the creation of the people, fought usury banks tooth and nail. It was not until the advent of Napoleon, the hatchet man of the usury bankers, that municipal banks were shut down perma- nently. The Maranos The Saracens conquered Spain as they had Sicily. They con- quered the Jews who lived there among the Christians. These Jewish captives easily adopted the religion of their conquerors and became honoured and respected members of the Mohammedan community and married freely into their ranks. The Arabs pushed on over the Pyrenees mountains into France where they fought a large Christian army at Tours. They lost this hard-fought battle and were forced back into Spain. The Spanish Christians had not surrendered when the Mohammedans swept through Spain, but waged a holy war against the infidels from strongholds left to them in the moun- tains. These wars lasted for centuries. Over the years the Spanish Christians gradually beat the Mohammedans back and re-conquered the land of Spain. Again, 18eNEXUS RETURN OF USURY TO THE WEST DECEMBER 1993 - JANUARY 1994