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It has been suggested that many events in the history of the human race which exist as myth, may be based upon visits to our planet by representatives of a higher technical culture. What modern science has conventionally passed off as unfounded, it has been said, may indeed have a basis in fact. If this turns out to be the case, a startling revolution in the treatment of the fabulous in myth and history will take place. It may be that future students will have to entertain the possibility that much of the curious, odd, inexplicable material which has come down to us by written and oral tradition has a "real" meaning. Soon we may no longer be able to dismiss what seems "unscientific" as nonsense. There are a few modern UFO reports in which the occupants of the UFO allegedly have gotten out, walked around, and shown themselves to us. Compared to the many tens of thousands of sightings, these accounts are scarce, but some have originated with quite reliable witnesses. The term "little green man" has passed into popular culture. The fact that they have human form, if they do, raises some most interesting scientific questions that are beyond our scope here. The orthodox theory of evolution holds that the particular form life takes is purely accidental. It is a function, so the biologist or geneticist tells us, of adaptation to environment combined with the enormously complex combining and re-combining of the gene pool, plus a few mutations thrown in. That man has come out as he has in bodily shape and size is a pure accident - so evolution argues. On another world, intelligent creatures might have an entirely different form, perhaps one not even recognized in our classifications. However, if the extraterrestrials have been seen, and have a humanlike form, albeit diminutive, the orthodox theory of evolution may be in rather serious trouble. But we must leave this fascinating question aside, and return to our main theme. The fact is that the folklore of the world is rich in tales of small supernatural beings. They far outnumber giants in their frequency. Here is the story of a leprechaun, told by an authority on Irish lore, Col. Diarmuid MacManus, in his book Irish Earth Folk. "On a hot summer day, many years before the first World War, two boys were bathing in a pool in the River Moy in County Mayo. The place was near Foxford, a small town. Later in the afternoon, after they had dressed and began to return home, one of the boys saw a small figure dart behind a rock in a field. He told his friend, and curiosity led them to investigate. They discovered what looked to them like a little man about four feet high. He had on a cap and a close-fitting black coat made of shiny material, something like satin or silk. It was buttoned up tightly. His face was broad and flat, with brown whiskers. The boys, one of whom was to graduate from Trinity College, Dublin, were Could it be that these boys saw an extraterrestrial visitor in some sort of spacesuit, which they could only describe in familiar terms? Consider two items of folklore collected by F.G. Speck from the Indians in Connecticut, and presented in the Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History. The first of them concerns the Makiawisag, legendary dwarfs who lived in the woods. The event he recorded was believed by Speck to have taken place before 1800. "She (Martha Uncas) was then a child coming down the Yantic River in a canoe with her parents. They saw some Makiawisag running along the shore. A pine forest grew near the water and they could be seen through the trees. Her mother saw them and said, 'Don't look at the dwarfs. They will point their frightened and ran."