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Right: This artwork based on several sources shows a postwar Turbo-Skimmer intended as multi-role VTOL utility aircraft. Bill Rose Below left: By folding the tail assembly to facilitate an upright position, Charles Zimmerman intended to allow a more powerful version of the Skimmer to achieve full VIOL performance. US Patent Office Below right: A complex undercarriage design produced for an advanced Skimmer by Zimmerman, which would allow upright positioning in conjunction with a folding tail. This would be used for VTOL operations, while also allowing conventional runway take-offs and landings. US Patent Office Bottom right: Revised postwar undercarriage design by Zimmerman for an articulated tail to facilitate easier VTOL operation with a Skimmer- type design. US Patent Office 33 Early Circular-Winged Aircraft