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120 Figure 32 Egyptian traditions held that long before that Egypt was ruled by gods and demigods. According to the Egyptian priest Manetho, who had written down the history of Egypt when Alexander's Greeks arrived, in times immemorial "Gods of Heaven" came to Earth from the Celestial Disc (Fig. 33). After a great flood had inundated Egypt, "a very great god who had come to Earth in the earliest times" raised the land from under the waters by inge- nious damming, dyking, and land reclamation works. His name was Ptah, "The Developer," and he was a great scien- tist who had earlier had a hand in the creation of Man. He was often depicted with a staff that was graduated, very much like surveyors' rods nowadays (Fig. 34a). In time Ptah handed the rule over Egypt to his Firstborn son Ra ("The Bright One"—Fig. 34b), who for all time remained head of the pantheon of Egyptian gods. The Egyptian term for "gods" was NTR—"Guardian, Watcher" and the belief was that they had come to Egypt from Ta-Ur, the "foreign/Far Land." In our previous writings we have identified that land as Sumer (more correctly Shumer, "Land of the Guardians"), Egypt's gods as the Anunnaki, Ptah as Ea/Enki (whose Sumerian nickname, as Aga HAD aN Figure 33 DIVINE ENCOUNTERS