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Labyrinth 99 In the United States, the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 exists to protect the public from potentially harmful drugs. This law also is a bar- rier preventing access to those drugs by the clinical research community. It is the labyrinth through which anyone who wishes to perform human research with psychedelic drugs must pass. The Controlled Substances Act placed all drugs into "schedules," depending on their "abuse potential," "currently accepted medical use," and "safety of use under medical supervision." Schedule I drugs, the most restricted, are "highly abusable, lack medical utility, and are unsafe un- der medical supervision." Over the objections of dozens of high-level psychiatric researchers, including Dr. Daniel Freedman, Congress placed LSD and all the other psychedelic drugs into Schedule I. Schedule II includes drugs like methamphetamine and cocaine. They possess high abuse potential but some medical utility—cocaine as a local anesthetic for eye surgery, and methamphetamine for the treatment of hyperactive children, for example. Codeine is in Schedule III, because