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References 421 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. Barrow and Tipler, 1; Edward Harrison, Masks of the Universe, 250; Rees, Our Final Hour, 135-136; Dan Falk, “The Anthropic Principle’s Surprising Resurgence.” Barrow and Tipler, 16. James Glanz, “Debating the Big Questions,” Science, Vol. 273 (30 August 1996), 1168-1170. Edward Witten, “When Symmetry Breaks Down,” Nature, Vol. 429 (3 June 2004), 507-508. Barrow and Tipler, 601. Barrow and Tipler, 21, 23; James N. Gardner, Biocosm: The New Scientific Theory of Evolution—Intelligent Life is the Architect of the Universe, Makawao, Maui, Inner Ocean, 2003, 38-39. John H. Mauldin, Prospects for Interstellar Travel, San Diego, Univelt (for the American Astronautical Society), 1992, 283. Dan Falk, “The Anthropic Principle’s Surprising Resurgence,” 46. Alan H. Guth and David I. Kaiser, “Inflationary Cosmology: Exploring the Universe from the Smallest to the Largest Scales,” Science, Vol. 307 (11 February 2005), 884-890; Livio and Rees, “Anthropic Reasoning.” Aveni, Conversing with the Planets, 219. White, 117. The Linde and Smolin theories are summarized in Gardner, 82-83, 155-156. Also see Lee Smolin, The Life of the Cosmos, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1997. Gardner, Biocosm, passim; James N. Gardner, “Assessing the Computational Potential of the Eschaton: Testing the Selfish Biocosm Hypothesis,” JBIS, Vol. 55 (2002), 285-288. Eugene F. Mallove, “Do We Control the Universe’s Fate?” The Washington Post, 30 November 1986; Eugene F. Mallove, “The Self-Reproducing Uni- verse,” Sky and Telescope, September, 1988, 253-256. J.D. Bernal, The World, The Flesh, and the Devil, London, Jonathan Cape, 1970 (originally published in 1929); 31; Gerald Feinberg, The Prometheus Project, New York, Doubleday, 1968, 142; Michael A.G. Michaud, “Spaceflight, Colonization, and Independence;” Michael A.G. Michaud, “The Final Question: Paradigms for Intelligent Life in the Universe,” JBIS, Vol. 35, Number 3 (March, 1982), 131-134; Michael A.G. Michaud, “The Last Question,” Cosmic Search, Volume 4, Number 1 (First Half 1982), 6-7. Rees, 147; Gardner, 130, 161-163; “Founder’s Message,” Science, Vol. 310 (2 December 2005), 1421; “Creator Calling Card?” Sky and Telescope, May 2006, 25. Stapledon, Star Maker, 393. Richard Dawkins, River Out of Eden: A Darwinian View of Life, London, Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1995. Quoted in a review by Michael Shermer in Science, Vol. 308 (8 April 2005), 205-206. Crowe, 403; Fred Hoyle, The Intelligent Universe, 226. Michael J. Behe, “Design for Living,” The New York Times, 7 February aan 2005. 43. See Kenneth Chang, “In Explaining Life’s Complexity, Darwinists and Doubters Clash,” The New York Times, 22 August 2005, and Cornelia Dean,