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420 References 9. 10. 9. 20. 21. 22. Kirshner, The Extravagant Universe: Exploding Stars, Dark Energy, and the Accelerating Cosmos, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2004, quoted by John Noble Wilford, “From Distant Galaxies, News of a Stop and Go Universe,” The New York Times, 3 June 2003, and Daniel Clery, “Dwarf Galaxies May Help Define Dark Matter,” Science, Vol. 311 (10 February 2006), 758-759. David B. Cline, “The Search for Dark Matter,’ Scientific American, March 2003, 50-59. Yale University astronomer Meg Urry described the search for dark energy as arguably the biggest revolution in physics in a century. Andrew Lawler, “Balancing the Right Stuff,’ Science, Vol. 308 (22 April 2005), 484-487. For an overview of dark matter and dark energy, see the special section in Science, Vol. 300 (30 June 2003), 1893-1918. Sources differ on the exact percentages comprised by dark matter and dark energy. See Alan MacRobert, “Refining the Cosmic Recipe,” Sky and Tele- scope, February 2004, 18-19, Charles Bennett, “Astrophysical Observations: Lensing and Eclipsing Einstein’s Theories,” Science, Vol. 307 (11 February 2005), 879-884, and Masataka Fukugita, “The Dark Side,” Nature, Vol. 422 (3 April 2003), 489-491. . Alejandro Gangui, “A Preposterous Universe,” Science, Vol. 299 (28 Febru- ary 2003), 1333-1334. For a dissenting view, see Paul J. Steinhardt and Neil Turok, “A Cyclic Model of the Universe,” Science, Vol. 296 (24 May 2002), 1436-1439. . Sean Carroll, “Dark Energy & the Preposterous Universe,” Sky and Tele- scope, March 2005, 32-39; Dennis Overbye, “From Space, A New View of Doomsday,” The New York Times, 17 February 2004. . Davies, “A Brief History of the Multiverse;” Dan Falk, “The Anthropic Principle’s Surprising Resurgence,” Sky and Telescope, March 2004, 43- 47. . George Johnson, “A Universe of Universes,” (review of Lee Smolin’s The Life of the Cosmos), The New York Times, 27 July 1997; Steven Weinberg, “Life in the Universe,” Scientific American, October 1994, 44-49. . Mario Livio and Martin J. Rees, “Anthropic Reasoning,” Science, Vol. 309 (12 August 2005), 1022-1023. . Martin J. Rees, “Piecing Together the Biggest Puzzle of All,” Science, Vol. 290 (8 December 2000), 1919-1925; Sean Carroll, “Insignificance,” Nature, Vol. 429 (6 May 2004), 27. . Stapledon, 401. . Max Tegmark, “Parallel Universes,” Scientific American, May 2003, 41-51; Dick, Dibner Lecture, 27-29. Nima Arkani-Hamed, et al., “The Universe’s Unseen Dimensions,” Scientific American, August 2000, 62-69; Roland Pease, “Brane New World,” Nature, Vol. 411 (28 June 2001), 986-988. Charles Seife, “Physics Enters the Twilight Zone,” Science, Vol. 305 (23 July 2004), 464-466. Davies, Are We Alone?, 121; Koerner and LeVay, 235. Roger Newton, “Weird Science” (review of The Fabric of the Cosmos), The New York Times Book Review, 11 April 2004; Davies, “A Brief History of the Multiverse.”