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after passing on a few yards traveled over beds of laminated and stratified sand and loam with such a gentle touch as not to disturb the laminations...the word impossible is not a favorite of mine, but Iam bound to say that, if it is... applied to any physical operation, I know none where it seems so applicable as to the process appealed to by the ultra-glacialists for the manufacture of drift by an ice-sheet smash- ing its own bed.” (quote from Howorth, p. 53) Thus ice on level terrain, being...unable to move in any direction of its own volition, would tend to actually protect rather than abrade any land surface it mantled.(p. 53) Yet, during so called Ice Age times, great ice-sheets like that of Antarctica are stated to have caused spectacular land surface damage on virtually a hemispheric scale! (p. 53) Numerous lines of inquiry converge upon the startling fact that the Ice Age of orthodoxy is no more than the shaky theory it has always been and its alleged former reality, as conceived by its advocates, just a wonderful myth.(p. 55) If, as demonstrated, the great ice-sheets so beloved of the glacialists never existed, because the uplands so necessary for their development and maintenance were either too low or non-existent during the alleged Ice Age times, and because ice, even very thick ice, cannot behave in the manner required by glacial theory, it follows that the other geological phenomena commonly ascribed to ice action were caused by some other agency or combination of circumstances. (p. 55) Inevitably, the length of the Pleistocene epoch hosting these events increased every time writers multi- plied the number of separate glacial and interglacial episodes. (p. 25) ...the end of the Pleistocene epoch, approximately 11,000 years ago, was characterized by gigantic and violent crustal convulsions which, viewed globally, were nothing short of cataclysmic. (p. 37) Since...ice action is by nature very slow, the time allocated for these glaciations and the resultant “drift” accumulations has been correspondingly long. Accordingly, it has been common to reserve a span of two or more million years for the duration of the Pleistocene “period.” Such concepts are seriously at variance with the field evidence, for if the glaciations of orthodoxy (the “Ice Age”) never really existed, and if the singular “drift” deposits accredited to them were accumulated at comparatively great speed, then the duration of the Pleistocene epoch must actually have been unexpectedly brief. (p. 135) Instead of being a distinct geological epoch of appreciable duration, the Pleistocene...appears therefore to have been little more than a rather brief “stage.” The time allegedly occupied by the glacial and inter- glacial episodes of conventional Pleistocene chronology was actually non-existent. Conversely, the Pliocene period persisted to very much more recent times than has been hitherto been commonly sup- posed. (p. 136-7) The generally equable conditions characteristic of Pliocene times were highly favorable to the develop- ment and proliferation of life-forms of all kinds, and in that respect, did not materially differ from the equally genial Miocene period which preceded it. A mixture of ancient (Miocene) and less ancient (Pliocene) organisms— including allegedly Arctic species—thrived side by side, therefore, throughout Pliocene times, persisting until its brief, sudden and cataclysmic close about 11,500 years ago... (p. 136) 172 Appendix B: Book Abstracts Not One, Many Ice Ages The “Pleistocene Epoch” The term “Pleistocene” is therefore retained as a “stage” rather than as an “epoch” (p. 137) The Miocene and Pliocene Epochs Atlantis, Alien Visitation, and Genetic Manipulation