41753169079241

41753169079241_page_1 wa I | | | REF ID: A65669 NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY - MECHANIZATION IN SUPPORT OF COMINT PHASE II WARNING THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CODEWORD…

41753169079241_page_10 5 TABLE OF GONTENTS (cont'd) 2. Weaknesses . se seeee 3, Statistical Solution ... a. b. Ce d. ee f. Width Writing . . .« .Parity Attacks…

41753169079241_page_100 E PLAIN LANGUAGE 1. INTRODUGTION. Analysis of plain language traffic accounts for a substantial share of the intelligence obtained on the…

41753169079241_page_101 passed on nonmilitary links. primarily those, of mf | The traffic contains both official and private éor- . : respondence. The official…

41753169079241_page_102 PL 86-36/50 USC EO 3.3(h)(2) for intelligence content. Only selected portions are va and sent to the analyst. . a - oe e 4. Intelligence.…

41753169079241_page_103 _—"FOP-SHEREERIDER- traffic exclusively. Other stations intercept ICR plain language’ ~ but discard it when they recognize it as such. ‘ 2.…

41753169079241_page_104 NE LLY and Project BUDDY). The BUDDY device will scan chad= less tape and page print rnessages selected by message endings... The NELLY…

41753169079241_page_105 _ phoneme analysis for the automatic detection of "hot" words in voice recordings together with improved équipment to perform this.…

41753169079241_page_106 F MACHINE SYSTEMS ~ % INTRODUCTION }, Cryptossystema can be divided inte two cdtegoriés depending | on how the encipherment is performed,…

41753169079241_page_107 2. Two principal categories of cipher machines are those that use (1) rotors (wired rotors) or (2) pin wheels to produce key. A rotor is a…

41753169079241_page_108 ay AXARUES EB B4k. only an apparently random relation to its previous encipherment if randomly wired rotors are employed.,- A rotor machine…

41753169079241_page_109 irregular sequence in which the various, juxtapositions are used, , The sequence of juxtapositions or offsets is the key which is a…

41753169079241_page_11 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd) d. Handtesters 2... ac asae “8 4, Standard B-2ll ee ee ee eS Sturgeon ss ee eee ee wee eas 1, Description . 1a.…

41753169079241_page_110 wheels. Also thére mnat be a way of. insuring ‘a jong period before flis-sequence of key letters starts to repeat. 4, There are cipher…

41753169079241_page_111 . employed, their order and their initjal settinge. Thus to obtain a- "wachine solution" of the ENIGMA kpiowing: the nature of the machine,…

41753169079241_page_112 EO 3.3(h)(2) PL'86-36/50 USC 3605 having any particular way to make the correct guesses, exhaustive trials of all rotor orders, ring…

41753169079241_page_113 1 ! i i 1 ' ' i 1 1 1 ' 1 1 1 1 , _example of how more powerful equipment has made possible new 5. ¢. When one ee was read ona particular…

41753169079241_page_114 EO 3.3(h)(2) PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 derived from the reading of a denth = the encipherment of two or more different messages at the same…

41753169079241_page_115 T OF WJEsNABNEY 2 EIDER EO 3.3(h)(2) PL 86-36/50 US

41753169079241_page_116 EO 3.3(h) (2) PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 ‘

41753169079241_page_117 1. The Hagelin machine, type C-38, is a cryptographic device. which involves reciprocal fin the sense that no encipher = decipher switch is…

41753169079241_page_118 PL 86-36/50 USC 3 EO 3.3(b)(2) tee ’

41753169079241_page_119 6 : PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_12 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd) , Page x Comments and Recommendations . 2. ++ 6 137 G HAND SYSTEMS Introduction s 0 ss see esecoaeee a, Hand…

41753169079241_page_120 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) - 106 -

41753169079241_page_121 5 WARNES bk PL 86-36/50 USC EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_122 —FOP-SEGEEET isha R- = 108 - PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_123 PL 86-36/50 US EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_124 ine PL 86-36/50 USC 3 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_125 PL 86-36/50 USC EO 3.3(h)(2) —FOP SEGRE F441 DER—

41753169079241_page_126 PL 86-36/50 USC 34 EO 3.3(h)(2) 5. It can readily be seen that it is not feasible to apply all of the above outlined methods by hand.

41753169079241_page_127 PL 86-36/50 US' EO 3.3(h)(2) 5. b. Several programs are available on digital computers to carry out both placement and statistical solution…

41753169079241_page_128 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605] EO 3.3(h)(2) 6. Even with these extensive aids to solution and placement, certain difficulties arise which are not…

41753169079241_page_129 Current Traffic and Readability VOLUME MSG/MO 250 *See page 78 Fairly Good’ “PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 Good EO 3.3(h)(2) Poor, can read depths…

41753169079241_page_13 / TABLE OF GONTENTS (cont'd) Page 2. Code Look Up ... ve areas ' "450 3. Preliminary Processitig. ss 000 6 150 4, SLED ~ DEMON .. we Se woe…

41753169079241_page_130 VOLUME USER MSG/MO SUCCESS 50 Fairly Good 200 Excellent 550 Partial (insufficient and EO 3.3(h)(2) poor intercept) PL 86-36/50 USC 3605…

41753169079241_page_131 PL 86-36/50 USC 36 EO 3.3(h)(2) 2. Description. The modified B-21l is a wired-wheel cipher device. Input is via a standard typewriter…

41753169079241_page_132 6 each of which is enciphered separately and then recombined in the output square to produce a cipher letter. In encipherment (ur…

41753169079241_page_133 respectively, so that encipherment proceeds from the fractionating square to the V and VI half rotors. 2. c. The four variable steckers…

41753169079241_page_134 Se —_— CIPHER SQUARE Note that with any variation of plugging the order of encipherment of either plain component is Fractionated Plain…

41753169079241_page_135 21 pin wheels control movement of rotors V and Il, both ¥ and [lI stepping if an active pin comes up in either or both of the pin wheels…

41753169079241_page_136 with the current indicator system about 40% of the traffic is straight plugged), and the crib is not garbled, then the machine will place…

41753169079241_page_137 PL 86-36/50 US EO 3.3(h)(2) 4. The commertial B-2l1, which lacks the IV. STURGEON 1. Description. STURGEON is the cover name for a German…

41753169079241_page_138 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_14 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd) 3. Non-Digital Speech Security ... ees a. Description .. eee. ees eee b, Current and Projected Effort ...…

41753169079241_page_140 PL. 86-36/50 US' EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_141 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) Vv. JAPANESE MACHINE SYSTEMS

41753169079241_page_142 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(n)(2) 1, b. Purple. The Purple machine was originally built as an encipher -decipher device. Depression of a…

41753169079241_page_143 2 ¥ 5 YUEN I OEE PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) selectors, and back through the stecker where finally a key f from an electromatic…

41753169079241_page_144 ee ee ee ee —FOP SECREDAiBER— 3. Exploitble Weaknessae, =~ 0 - PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_145 PL 86-36/50 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_146 INE 1 El PL 86-36/50 USC 3 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_147 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3:3(h)(2) These results are later sorted by IBM equipment into a more convenient order for hand examination. - 133…

41753169079241_page_148 PL 86-36/50 USC 36' EO 3.3(h)(2) Vi The ENIGMA machine substantially as it was used by the German Army during the war has been resurrected…

41753169079241_page_149 settings these elements of the*key are recovered, This problem is also being used for experimental purposes to test new equip- ment…

41753169079241_page_15 A TRAFFIC COLLECTION ACTIVITY «I 1. INTRODUCTION The starting point of NSA's COMINT activity is the collection of target countrys’…

41753169079241_page_150 PL 86-36/50 USC 36 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_151 PL 86-36/50 USC EO 3.3(h)(2) It is clear that the solution of a cipher: machine involves the need for considerably more complicated high…

41753169079241_page_152 two phases: entry and exploitation. Both phases require that equipe ments Operate at the highest speeds currently attainable. The entry…

41753169079241_page_153 1, General computing eqsipment of substantially higher speeds ‘than presently available (Atlas I, {BM-70l, etc. }. 2. Data pracessing…

41753169079241_page_154 G HAND SYSTEMS 1, INTRODUCTION. 1, A great deal of intercepted traffic is of the so-called hand system type. This label covers a wide…

41753169079241_page_155 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) in a columnar fashion, the resulting text is a transposition of the original text. A multinomic code is a…

41753169079241_page_156 PL 86-36/50 U § EO 3.3(n)) Il, DIAGNOSTIC OPERATIONS. 1, Where messages appear which are neither plain text nor in some readily readable…

41753169079241_page_157 by the rough frequency distribution of pairs of letters (digraphs), triples of letters (trigraphs), etc. 4. In Hand Systems where the…

41753169079241_page_158 “TOP SEGRE FEDER Eo 23mg) PL 86-36/50 USC 3} In this area there is a need for desk aids which will lighten the clerical tasks performed by…

41753169079241_page_159 PL 86-36/50 US EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_16 WAANEYS A avi identifying new and unusual types of transmissions, For this prob-:. lem we utilize Technical Search facilities. We…

41753169079241_page_160 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_161 PL 86-36/50 USC 3 EO 3.3(h)(2) V. EXPLOITATION | i L L i i i i i i i | i i

41753169079241_page_162 T OF SE ECT at PI I IER PL 86-36/50 USC 3 EO 3.3(h)(2) — a oo

41753169079241_page_163 4 fi 4 WARE B aa PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) Vi. COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS, 1, As stated in Il, 2, editing, de-duping and hand…

41753169079241_page_164 EO 3.3(h)(2) PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 _ an-significaat factor. However, the arnount of hand punching requited at NSA can be reduced by having…

41753169079241_page_165 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) purpose devices. The SLEDS and DEMONS are also in great demaid. Man jobs are inefficiently performed on…

41753169079241_page_166 H OTHER SIGNA'LS I PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 ‘ EO 3.3¢h)(2) 1, Electrostatic and electromagnetic fields are associated with . the operation of…

41753169079241_page_167 PL 86-36/50 US EO 3.3(h)(2) NOISE COMMUNICATION 1, A noise communication signal may be loosely defined as a signal that, when received on a…

41753169079241_page_168 a single practical system known to be given serious consideration, t no attempt is made to conceal thy dignal from an ordinary receiver.…

41753169079241_page_169 £ Of SHER wih HEARS eI DER PL 86-36/50 USC ~ EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_17 We then cover as many of the ‘léss important targets as we can The assignment of intercept stations to specific targets during specific…

41753169079241_page_170 IV, CIPHONY, CIFAX AND SPEECH PRIVACY — 1, a. Since communications are conveniently and rapidly carried out by means of telephony, it is…

41753169079241_page_171 1. c. Speech privacy is the term used to denote speech sysa- . tems which afford their users only limited security. Speech privacy systems…

41753169079241_page_172 AaNa4 tb AE PL 86-36/50 USC 360 EO 3.3(h)(2) a

41753169079241_page_173 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_174 -B65669 “FOP-SECRE T HIDERS PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_175 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) 3. Non-digital Speech Security. 3. a. In non-digital speech security systems the speech signal is…

41753169079241_page_176 EYNAINE © EY PL 86-36/50 USC 3 EO 3.3(h)(2) Analysis of this type of system can be performed by comparison of the signal waveforms with…

41753169079241_page_177 recorded in the field on magnetic tape and forwarded to NSA Head- quarters for central processing, although a small amount is recorded on…

41753169079241_page_178 of these equipments will enable the currently ¢mployed facsimile positions to be converted by the end of the calendar year, while future…

41753169079241_page_179 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) | At this writing, the equipment picture-in the near-VHF (20-30 mcs) and the VHF (30-300 mcs) is sad,…

41753169079241_page_18 "warning of an impending enemy attack. This board recognized the importance of having high quality intercept operators, analysts, etc.…

41753169079241_page_180 At present, R/D is contihuously monitoring all military and commercial receiver and antenna developments which are applicable to this…

41753169079241_page_181 Continued and expanded field trips, Establishment of a task type contract to provide a ready source of development equipment for the R/D…

41753169079241_page_182 PL 86-36/50 U EO 3.3(h)(2) research and development, special equipment’and personnel for each new problem."

41753169079241_page_183 PL 86-36/50 USC'3605 EO 3.3(h)(2)

41753169079241_page_184 As in the case of VHF intercept, it is intended to strengthen the R/D Field Support through several activities: (a) Continued and expanded…

41753169079241_page_185 PL 86-36/50 USC EO 3.3(n)(2) the current R/D effort being placed on them. 3. The problem of detecting radiated plain text signals in the…

41753169079241_page_186 6 WEAN 2 5. The problems of decrypting sophisticated ciphony and cifax systems have, as yet, received preliminary consideration only. It is…

41753169079241_page_19 © 3.3(h)(2) . L 86-36/50 USC 3605 come on the air, ‘This means that we must employ, o contract, the: best talent in the communications…

41753169079241_page_2 MECHANIZATION IN SUPPORT OF COMINT PHASE I Editors H. F, De Francesco R/D dD. Le Hogan R/D | Report Committee : Ww, A, Blankinship R/D H.…

41753169079241_page_20 , morse employ different equipment, setup procedures, and modes of “FOP SBGEREF RIDER . "PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 a EO 3.3(h) (2) of about| |…

41753169079241_page_21 scowl have two or three ‘standard types of receivers within the sete ~viee touperferm the same intercept mission, provided that these %…

41753169079241_page_22 —TOP SEGREF*EIDER- range even though we obtain only several messages a month. Becanse of the value of the product, it right require two…

41753169079241_page_23 Kage, etc., without being overcquipped and overstaffod... "EO 3.3(h)(2) PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 4. The best way of illustrating the…

41753169079241_page_24 = ao EO 3.3(h)(2) . ; PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 ‘simultaneously. If the recording is equally good on both sides of the communications channel,…

41753169079241_page_25 _~YPL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h) (2) duplicate hour by hour in our central processing the time spent at stations in recording…

41753169079241_page_26 & this equipment have to be kept in good repair, but it must be properly operated as stated before, One of our biggest problems ig to keep…

41753169079241_page_27 B TRAFFIC COLLECTION ACTIVITY-II I. INTRODUCTION l. The Traffic Collection Activity of NSA is defined, for the purposes of this paper, to…

41753169079241_page_28 ‘ technical adequacy of system components] and of coordinated planning in the collection of what is needed ina form in which it can be usad…

41753169079241_page_29 1. The three types of intercept, which comprise almost all of the current‘traffic collection effort of NSA and the supporting cryptolopic…

41753169079241_page_3 PREFACE This report contains the results of the second phase of the study 'Mechanization in Support of COMINT", It is a somewhat % detailed…

41753169079241_page_30 I OF SE WARNES EB SIDER 3. While accurate quantitative measurements are - not obtainable, a few figures will illustrate the magnitude of…

41753169079241_page_31 ~ . ¥ OF SE WASNES A SIDER ‘ routed according to whether. it requires further processing to prepare page copy or merely sorting…

41753169079241_page_32 2 or more rusutten uf rhombics are installed. Each individual antenna has a nuiniteal power gain of approximately 12 to 16 db-and provides…

41753169079241_page_33 in some cases, but this technique is not known to have been employed at field stations. Similarly, the possibility of employing resonant…

41753169079241_page_34 did not adequately cover the frequency spectrum. It was found adequately cleared to enable a proper description of the problem to be…

41753169079241_page_35 The following steps are being taken to remedy this situation: (1) a coupling transformer design has been found which appea ra to cover the…

41753169079241_page_36 study. .NSA (i?ROD) had attempted to remedy this particular situation by letters to the services recommending the usé of co-axial line. The…

41753169079241_page_37 SVAENEY EB Ev ‘the form of recommendations and advice only and therefore not binding upon them. The services do not consider these…

41753169079241_page_38 . approximately 3 me; the noise figures were on the average of 15 db, ‘ing a multicoupler which is believed to reasonably well fulfill…

41753169079241_page_39 oh ra 5 WAIALIY bbe and unsatisfactory for COMINT operations, there are other receivers covering the same frequency range which are…

41753169079241_page_4 The chapter on Hand Systems was written by R. A. Leibler, The final chapter was written by H. F. De Francesco and D. L. Hogan. It was…

41753169079241_page_40 aAs the result of a recent SIPB*tstudy, it was determined that increased emphasis should be placed on the VLF portion of the _spectrum in…

41753169079241_page_41 T OF SE WARNES EL EPDER NSA (R/D) has developed a dual diversity antenna’ XN . : switch which switches between antennas, but utilizes only…

41753169079241_page_42 fulfill voice and signal intercept functions. These units have not given satisfactory service, primarily due to.their high maintenance…

41753169079241_page_43 SWAENSY EE Luk major benefit tothe operation of the agency, not only from an economical viewpoint, but more important to reduce the bulk of…

41753169079241_page_44 each comprised of sequenct's of marks (MJ ald ‘Spaces (S). if we let one teletype signal be representéd ‘by M, or s, and the other teletype…

41753169079241_page_45 i i i i i i i | i i i i I i i i | "Dborder-line" in the sense that extremely high maintenance standards must be met to keep quality of the…

41753169079241_page_46 —FOP SEGRE HIDER— main advantages of this new equipment over the Model CXOF will _ . Pesult from the fact that it is simpler equipment,…

41753169079241_page_47 lorse Operator Analysis (MOA) Morse Operator Analysis (MOA) is a process of identifying manual] key (moree code) operators by the…

41753169079241_page_48 tat oo to the: cryptologic. se ryices for service. teating,: “tive were provided - to CIA, and one was cétained, in NEA R/D fox, furthest:…

41753169079241_page_49 the collection of data and reduction of data for MOA analysis be. direaticd toward. the use of machine techniques. Whether any additional…

41753169079241_page_5 TABLE OF CONTENTS | Page | Preface A TRAFFIC COLLECTION ACTIVITY -I | I Introduction . 6. ee ee ee re ew mn nv en en eene 1 II Problems of…

41753169079241_page_50 TOP SECREF*2IDER_| and cataloguing RFP data is difficult. Unfortunately, RFF analyais is more of an art than a science. The analysia…

41753169079241_page_51 version, circa 1950, of the original RFP equipment developed in “1940. A study has recently been.completed on the efficiency of my…

41753169079241_page_52 ERP ti so s.3im) 2 PL 86=36/50 USC 3605 computer to average RFP data.

41753169079241_page_53 ‘D Direction 1 Finding (D, fey * The Majority. of the direction finding operations occur in the ‘hight ‘frequency (2=30mc) range, where the…

41753169079241_page_54 use of potentially available equipments, and already developed teche niques. The interim approach involves modification of present .…

41753169079241_page_55 is continuing in the direction of increasing the sensitivity, accuracy and speed of operation of this:new net by: developing…

41753169079241_page_56 programs normally lead to fruition as field equipments many years after they commence; in the high frequency direction finding case, it is…

41753169079241_page_57 typewriter is limited to speeds of about 100 “wpm, the flow of traffic ' to the typewriter often comes in spurts, averaging arouhd 100 wpm…

41753169079241_page_58 | CFOP SEGRE PF EIDER— intercept opérators isa major COMINT problem, particularly ts the Army Security Agency this could ‘be of material…

41753169079241_page_59 et WO _—< e ’ has been argued that if interference is present, this procedure may enable the cryptanalyst and the central processing team…

41753169079241_page_6 TABLE OF CCNTENTS (cont'd) 5. Receipt of Traffic. ». es ee eeevuene Page Copy Production ..ee.seses b. Sorting and Distribution «es .eseee…

41753169079241_page_60 © EO 3.3(n)2) “. PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 large number of operating aids in connection with. thie problen, . These include special tuning…

41753169079241_page_61 EO 3.3(h)(2) “PL 86-36/50 USC 36 compromise between many\ a é _of any given site usually represents a opposing factors; once a site is…

41753169079241_page_62 ’ with special cases, such as [ _eratties w where the quality of -administrative factors in making mission assignments. It is onlyin…

41753169079241_page_63 Poor = Generally not usable. “PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 © 33M@) Traffic will be called: : " Nearly all" excellent, good to excellent, etc. ' if…

41753169079241_page_64 1. [has a very limited cover assignment and only hears approximately 6 RCA links. 2. itis alsoa research station for T Department. 3. Their…

41753169079241_page_65 "Partly Responsible" ~ Correction of these and ; the above would generally © ‘bring "nearly all (90 ; percent) excellent" results.…

41753169079241_page_66 “FOP SECRES MIDER i accounting for nearly half the Manual Moree take, represents more than one quarter of the total intercept groupage…

41753169079241_page_67 weaker stations, hence, in 4 crisis, the value of a station may. be. substantially lower than the normal condition figures would seem to…

41753169079241_page_68 to 3 and 4 mcs. problems; * failure to lay out antenna fields according to problems; failure of NSA to give adequate informa- tion before…

41753169079241_page_69 interceptor, who also profits from the fact that good copy can be readily distinguished from bad, even when enciphered. ‘The receiv- ing…

41753169079241_page_7 IV Iv TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd) Comments and Recommendations . ewe. 1. Level of Performance 4.200 sees 2, Area for Improvement eee eee eos…

41753169079241_page_70 PL 86-36/50 USC traffic compared with other traffic‘on a group by group basis - it. should be noted that more and more of these linke 2 are…

41753169079241_page_71 of enciphered traffic and frequently poor signals are contributing. causes. The intercept of Lis even more demanding, but — an evaluation…

41753169079241_page_72 (e) Another factor largely responsible for poor traffic , if the lack of a suitable variable frequency shift , converter. (c) Slightly…

41753169079241_page_73 "PL 86-36/50 USC / EO 3.3(h)(2) mostly good to excellent; an evaluation of the intercept of the —_ [ __Fiinate Channel anal] Muttiplel may…

41753169079241_page_74 Evidenced by: 1. Lack of suitable diversity antennas; failure of NSA to . ‘give adequate . information before ‘station construction’ and…

41753169079241_page_75 I OF SE WARM ES B ®IDER somewhat below what weptd seem te be Andigated by the " mostly goog to excellent" evajuation. Factors involved in…

41753169079241_page_76 T OF SE pWARMES EO FEDER (5) Slightly Responsible - Technical inadequacy of available equipment and tech= niques, excepting recorders.…

41753169079241_page_77 training ang experience is required before aman may become an operator in these intercept services. | (2) The evaluations given have…

41753169079241_page_78 -has been well recognized in the Agency and positive corrective. actions are being considered and undertaken:, NSA (PROD) has recently…

41753169079241_page_79 realized in the field in a fraction of the time which the contract program requires, as is to be expected. However, there is roof. ‘for…

41753169079241_page_8 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd) - 1. Receipt ss ee ee ne een enn etenane 2. Exploited Material ». se eee serene 3. Non-Exploited Material .. ees…

41753169079241_page_80 © TRAFFIC ANALYSIS 1, INTRODUCTION. Traffic analysis is defined as the study of radio communication by all means short of cryptanalysis of…

41753169079241_page_81 ‘1. Cail Signs. Call Signs indicate lines of communication, which! . in turn indicate organizational structure. ‘In general the more…

41753169079241_page_82 encipherment of bona fide messages. Practice traffic recognition is aleo very essential in order that Practice Messages may be culled, out…

41753169079241_page_83 2. In the cases for which page copy is produced at the intercept station (manual morse and some R/T) an elémentary semi-procéége . ing of…

41753169079241_page_84 involves transcription, identification, editing, sorting and logging, the traffic. , 4. Transcription. Since there ate at present no…

41753169079241_page_85 5. Identification, In most cases the transmissions are already identified by the intercept operator through a foreknowledge of call signs…

41753169079241_page_86 FOP SEGRE -RIDER- order will depend on.the type of intelligence to be extracted. In gen= eral the operations proceed more or less as…

41753169079241_page_87 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) . passed. An individual ‘message is merely However, the totality af messages, when properly evaluated,…

41753169079241_page_88 L i i i 1 1 i 1 L i J : I I then decide how the intelligence is to be extracted, or in what form the data must be presented in order to…

41753169079241_page_89 number of different categories, and in such a manner that is physical ly easy to locate-and read. Due to the bulk and variety of…

41753169079241_page_9 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd) 26 Non-Voice bee cee eee ee et eee eee 87 3. Voice ». eee nence ener ee wet eesenen 87 4. Intelligence «6 ee eee…

41753169079241_page_90 he ao lo le ~~ a 2. Table B shows the extent to which we are able to exploit ‘our present take of traffic. “In this table "Basis…

41753169079241_page_91 LN ee en ne ee ee ee ee machine cannot handle data intelligently untess the data is in a form which the machine can interpret. There…

41753169079241_page_92 should become productive of critical and perishable intefligence. 3. There is also a need for a more adequate method of filing COMINT and…

41753169079241_page_93 seeking ‘the information. Probably the tasks of entering, revising and - erasing data should be left to specialized personnel. , “The basic…

41753169079241_page_94 PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 EO 3.3(h)(2) ESTIMATED GROUPAGE “FISCAL YEAR 1958 Groups to be — Fwd. Electric= Nigh Grade Low Grade Practice Plain”…

41753169079241_page_95 ‘ sae Deni 0 2. & =m lee ae ee eee ee eee eee Table B _ PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 ~ EO 3.32) PERCENTAGE OF TRAFFIC PROCESSED oe . Percentage of…

41753169079241_page_96 D WEATHER _ : EO 3.3(N)2) 1. “INTRODUCTION. - + PL 86-36/50 USC 3605 The Weather Division (NSA-95) and the weather field stations . are…

41753169079241_page_97 soot AEO 3.3(h)(2 Wi. INTEREST IN WEATHER an . L 86- 5080 USC 3605 Our main interest inf | weather intelligence is due to the value of this…

41753169079241_page_98 The weather reports of the services do not flow in established patterne as do reports ‘on the hydromet nets, There is a heavy _PL 86-36/50…

41753169079241_page_99 differ essentially from the functions performed in the Traffic Analyeis Dikisions. A discussion on the mechanization of these functions…