PROJECT BLUE BOOK

PROJECT 10073 RECORD CARD

1. DATE 2. LOCATION 12. CONCLUSIONS
0 Wes Beollecon
oy » be : SW Pass yr oO Ae A te
3. DATE-TIME GROUP 4. TYPE OF OBSERVATIO GO Pessiny Sey
Lees! 2xGround-Visual OD Ground-Rodor G Probebly Aircraft
cmt__15/0508Z 0 Air Vi sucl © Air-Intereept Rader |79 Possibly Airereft
5. PHOTOS BURCE &KXWaes Astronomicele MOteor
OYes. 0 Prebebly Astronomical
Rxiie | O Possibly Astronomical
7. LENGTH OF.OBSERVATION 8. NUMBER OF OBJECTS aod, Insullicient Dete for Evaluation
nown
4-5 seconds one not rpt¢
10. BRIEF SUMMARY OF SIGHTING 11, COMMENTS
Obj leaving contrail observed to Although the witness indicated
explode after 4-5 seconds, Not meteor that the sighting was not meteo
Estimated altitude 20,000ft, origin, the description conform

to that of a bolide and no info
rptd to @ indicate that this was

not the obj sighted. Case evalud3-

ted as a meteor,

ATIC FORM 329 (REV 26 SEP 52)

‘No Case (Information Only) 4 October 1962
Argentina

Dicipaat Gdatbeuet ocent te ares ehereiAt. cedainsdl
i iatieuneg tele 20h pobeuie; ‘throwing out a strong red light. The UFO) then’
started“moving Gléser and closer te his house; until finally it changed di.
rection and apparently went out of sight briefly behind a nearby hill. It then

rese at "incredible velecity" at a sharp angle, and disappeared into the skys
pecneypenen ts Comer meee Lentiaig mpeg weteng: “eget ese aad about 20 feet fron:

5 ; - .
Pe en eT

No Case (Information Only) 4 October 1962
Jacksonville, Florida

SFE

Sa pO ompae ee 6, hiss ‘a Humber 6f ‘strange Lights,” a CUE | pe
_ by power failures,:\;'v vopsstaltn Oo tnteu= hth. One: of the web anuster“steu™

-"rtes was told by Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Raker, who saw a ball of fire moving ~
through a field behind their house, just at twilight. Mrs. Baker said that she .
looked out her window and saw a round ball with a pinkish light that almost”
blinded her. It hovered outside her kitchen window, less than six feet away, .
and then floated around the corner of the house.and crossed the road. they ve.
ie Fe pep hh at e.

grea ae |

No Case (Information Only)

swahoga Falls-Oct 6, 1962-6:50 PM DST = -|
oolenve boys Sav a
ficial shape in 2. break in the CloudS..e.e
They described it as about 3 inches Long at

Two high=s

Harm's length,

1/10 the length. It was itself o Source

of light.
upside dewn",

secn for only « few seconds. The elev was
, 20°, directly W. It seemed to be over the

6 October 1962
Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio

erse arti-

end its thickness ws about

tTt looked like a plate turned
scid one of them. It was

‘high overhead bridge on Rte 8. Obs Robs Rich}

No Case (Information Only) 7 October 1962
Witwatersand and

Pretoria, South Africa

82

SOUTH AFRICA: Oct. 7,1952. Witwetersand &|
revoria = "Hundreds of pauple telennoned
the sas of the Smitisonian svacle.nz sta-.
tion in Jonannes>ure. A brighs flying ob-
ject ailtting @ vivid blee Iizht wes seen,
Mr, O:tvon, sppealed fev help from exnyone
who had s#3an tie object. He said the ch-
ances are 9 of 10 that it hit the earth.

ee - _—_o—-

-

NO CASE INFORMATION ONLY 10 oct 62

THE A.P.R.O. BULLET

The A. P. R. ©. Bulletin Is the officiel copyrighted publication of the Aerial Pheromena Research Organization (A.P.R.0.), 4145 E. Desert Place, Tucson, Arizone, en
is issued every other month to members only. The Aerial Phenomena Research Orgezination is a non-profit group dedicated ‘o the eventual solution of the myster
of the unidentified objects which heve been present in the skies for hundreds of yeers. inquiries -egarcing membership may be made to the ebove eddress.

TUCSON, ARIZONA — NOVEMBER, 1962

GLOWING LIGHTS INVADE HOME

—_—-_-- -—-

On Pampas Drive, which connects with
Spring Park Road, an unidentified wom-

an (by request) said a formless “glow”

moved through her house, out through
te from cot ind along Pampas Drive.
She said it \-.s5 anout a half a block long,
and brilliantly illuminated a car and
other objects in the vicinity. She said
that as the giow moved through the
house, it enveii ved her, her hand tingl-
ed “as if it had zone to sleep” and her
children screamec, through fear.

Mrs. Gladys Faucette of Cascade Road,
the street from which Mrs. Rakers’ fire-
ball seemed to come, said she saw a glow
descend to within 3 feet of the ground
between her home and the adjacent
house. She said the form was too vague

to be described as ball-shaped, but she
called it a “terribly big brilliance.” She
said the circuit which carries electricity
to her bathroom and bedroom was

knoc¥ed out about this time, and was -

still out the next morning.

On the 10th of October, residents on)
Spring Park Road, Jacksonville, Florida,
observed strange small jireballs which
had fuzzy outlines and stole silently
ground and among houses on that street.
wise ughts dimmea and some went out
entirely as the phenomena occurred.
Mes J. P. isaker said she was in her up-
Sheeees Matensdae ab iwateghe wach her hus-
hand toid ner he had seen a ball of fire
mov.ng through a fi-id benind the house.
Mrs Baker lookea out her kitchen win-

dow and saw a “round bail, big as a No. |

2 wish tub” whicn was pinkish in color
ana so brilliant it almosi blinded her.
She said it hovered outside her kitchen
window apparently less than 6 feet away.
thee sloated around the corner of the
house and cross Spring Park Road. Har-
old Whitehead of Browning Fuel Oil Co.
on Spring Park Road said he and two
others saw a fireball gliding along a
utility wire a block south ot the oil com-
pany. “It was the size of 4 washtub, a
blindi..g, whitish bali of fire. I watched
it about five seconds. It moved about 10
or 20 feet during that time, then went
out with a big “pop.” Our lights were
dim for about a half hour siter,” White-
head reported.

es -

a |

| { No Case (Information Only)

10 October 1962
Akron, Ohio

Akron, Uhio-uct LU Ph ir eK
A mother and daughter Looking into the

west saw what appeared to be a i

to the left and in line with
light was Slightly smaller th
It persisted for

sky was clear-no explanation.
Prof, Menzel could e

the sun. The
en the sun,
adout 15-20 minutes. The

Probably

xplain this one,

ey

No Case (Information Only)

v
-

, Oct 10; Louby Rd-alongside Akron-Canton <2
Peon’ pont 11:03-11:22 PM DST. The large

yellow light appeered.....cont'd p 2-col 1.
MINOR SIGHTINGS,cont'd - in the SSE at 20-

25° elev. it was a Single light when seen

through 7 x 50 binocs. It was not very

AX ct, Seat LN Nl LEE Ni, ALLA A ls le _ Ne ee eee ee ee ~~

“brilliant and not vory ; t. There was
a pulsation to 2 greater trilliance every
2=3 seconds. It Mherizontally for

wr Ss

hed

30° azimuth in 19 mintites, No sound-trail, |

10 October 1962
Akron-Canton area, Ohio

11 October 1962
No Case (Information Only) Canton, Ohio

North Canton, Oct ll, 1962
us an @ who

4 semecd to appear irre: arly and
Singly, . They were larger than ordinary
airplane lights. The obj

ect trave lied
tiarough 50° azimuth in 15

min. It passed
behind trees where the red lights contin.

- No sound, fhe Size wos

—
3. ee eee
— + ee

SS eee Ser :

fans DA Fe amr rnNn ONL» AJo CAC” fv A e¥ |

*

{ ab
¥)

Holland, Michigan

r

- Deptment of Defense
Office of Public Affiars
Weshington 25, D. C.

Desr Major,

I weuld like the story on the flying saucer
-~_ inHolland, Michigan. This hapoened an Oct. ll.

<; I weuld be very happy if you rushed at. It wasn't the
e- plane from Thafty Acres a store here.

Gavia wviéi
a

= a ae eee

ab tL etetw 4
’ ;
paved

i ka ee i es

a rT ee Bt ey ee ee

“AVAL MESSAGE UNCLASSIFIED NAVY DEPARTMENT

. TNERGENCY 4 (ACTION) DRAFTED BY | | EXT. NO.
EMERGENCY: INFO) ‘

$e

AF IN: 43440 (15 Oct b 62) Need i Bs. 8
Y 1515052 .

FM CCGDE 1GHT ONE ce

TO RUVGHW/THIRT YSECOND aDDIV ‘SAGE OKLAHOMA CITY AFSTA, : 7
RUWGALB/ CINCNORAD- &:: Lag: ere Sera ree eae

RUERRGAGOF S USAF

INFO" RUECW/ SECNAV |
RuECwW/CNO at
RUECJD/COMDT COGARD
RUEGUF/ COMEASTAREA
RUCKKC/COMSIX

| RYCKYC/COMEIGHT
RUCKSH/COMFAIRWING ELEVEN
RUCKHC/CINCLANTFLT .

UNCLAS

aT 0640S CAPT. ——— OT REPORTED

THAT HE OBSERVED AN UNIDEN ats 0518S BEARING

055 DEGREES TRUE FROM MILE 6 SW PASS, MISSISSIPPI RIVER. POSITION...
ANGLE 40 TO 45 DEGREES. ESTIMATED ALTITUDE 20,000 FEET. OBJECT ©
LEFT CONTRAIL AND DISINTERGRATED WITHIN 4 OR 5 SECONDS FROM

*IRST. SIGHTING. NOT A METEORITE. 3

AF DIST: ACTION:  CIN-9 : ‘ peer
ES INFO: OOP-2, OOP-CP-1, SAFS-3,=DIA-10, DIA/CIIC-3 (2%)

~ —

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FLAGPLOT BFR i/ |

(ADVANCED OCOPIES DLVD)
NOTE: ADVANCE COPY TO DIA.

CONTROL NO. \CIRCUIT NO.

i\

9735 1/WK/OB/ A056

PAGE OF PAGES | TIME OF RECEIPT DATE TIME GROUP

l 1 | 1542Z OCT 62 1515035Z OCT 62

= ———sCUUNCLASSIFIED

ema aa pail dette a . re ‘ ' wasted. amt — ae ree el

|
|

es A ee --

No Case (Information Only)

eee fre we

F_S_ KEVIEW-Jan—-Feb 1963

SCUTLAND=The Aberdeen Press and Journal of

_——

“.§) Oct 15, 1962. "A mysterious red object

was seen in the sky over the Buchan area
this weekend. It was reported to have
travelled at high speed over Fraserburgh,
heading in the direction of Banff,

Mr. Ketalic-who was in the RAF forll
years said, "It was cone shaped; it was a
massive thing and it travelled very fast.
It was clearly defined and was certainly
like nothing I have seen before." tae 4

“< Stirs

= Fa

he
13-14 October 1962
Buchan area, Scotland

a

— ew ee we

|
|

14 October 1962
Formosa, Argentina

No Case (Information Only)

ay

— a te eee:

ig PE Ppt CAM ae eeae

neh PO ote te Po shen ‘

16 = 30 OCTOBER 1962 SIGHTINGS | i=
7 ‘Er
j DATE LOCATION . OBSERVER . EVALUATION Ks
| ioe eae bes
16 '61.45N 16.09W (Atlantic) Insufficient Data ts
. \Donaldsville, Louisiana Other (MISSILE)
ee | ‘Stamford, Connecticut Aircraft ‘
18 \Chicago, Illinois Insufficient Data
18 ‘Nebraska-South Dakota Astro (METEOR) :
18 .37-12N 173.12W (Pacific) tegen Data
> 19. *Eutaw, Alabama @ Astro (SIRIUS) — fs
- 20 ‘Bristol, Rhode Island.) Avs ) Other (PLASTIC) —
~*~ 20 ‘Wells, Maine aa Astro (METEOR)
‘€ 20 ‘Pacific Grove, “California. Astro (METEOR)
: 22 ‘65.208 28.50 iiss) Satellite
S23 -60.14N 13.36W (Atlantic) Military Satellite |
i ‘Farmiagton, Utah "DUCK HUNTER CAS Rp UNIDENTIFIED
25 ‘Neosho, Missouri i ; Other (MUNITIONS TEST)
25 \Near Canton Island (Pacific) Civil Air Insufficient Data
26 ~2h.14N 151.26W (Pacific) Military Other (REFRACTION MOON)
26 ‘Corpus Christi, Texas esc S) Other (BOTTLE GLASS)
oT Auburn, Alabama Insufficient Data I
es “Atlantic, E of Canaveral Other (MISSILE) = e
- 27 «Norton, Connecticut Insufficient Data _
i 629 Moorehead, Minnesota Insufficient Data
¥ 29 sAltadena, California 1ti | Balloon .
4 31 Kettering, Ohio par Aircraft
© ADDITIONAL REPORTED SIGHTINGS (NOT CASES)
(3 DATE LOCATION SOURCE EVALUATION
3 Late Oct Delta, Colorado Newscelipping os
, w ‘Godsby, Utah ing
im ag ‘ Beverly Hills, California lie:
3 2h ‘Bl Cajon, California ewse Livping
+ 6k ~Kent, Ohto Newsclipping
f= 26 ‘Colorado Newselipping
4 2 ,Woturn, Massachusetts Newsclipping | Wal
ia +p oe ae
| a s ‘ : es I ees
$ | \ <4:

.
—_———- —

-
; = ; t
7 , ;
-

; DEPARTMENT OF THE AiR FORC
AF IN: 43397 (15 Oct 62) L/GINE MéSSAcE BRANCH

— UNCLASSOND mass acer

SMB B 015 ACTION: PIN-f70 MING
CHOA427ZCBUB110 INFO: OOP-2, OOP-CP-1,. sfesp DIA-10, DIA/cIIC-3 (37)

renee YY RUEAHO ‘
DE RUCKYN 29

Oe eet a

bg
sigs | NOTE: ADVANCE COPY TO CIN AND DIA. 5 af 4
Y 151303Z : eo
FM CCGDEIGHT —_—~™
TO RUWGHW/THIRTYSECOND ADDIV SAGE OKLAHOMA CITY AFSTA |
RUWGALB/CINCNORAD
RUEGUH/C OM EASTSEAFRON

RUEAHQ/COFS USAF
INFO RUECW/SECNAV ‘
RUECW/CNO

RUECJD/COMDT COGARD
RUEGUF/COMEASTAREA
RUCKKC/ COMSIX
RUCKYC/COMEIGHT
RUCKSH/COMFAIRWING ELEVEN

RUCKHC/CINCLANTFLT
JSCG GRNC

BT

UNCLAS

AT 0640S CAPT. qyjginmES ISSIPPI RIVER PILOT REPORTED

THAT HE, OBSERVED AN UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECT AT 0518S BEARING
@55 DEGREES TRUE FROM MILE 6 SW PASS, MISSISSIPPI RIVER, POSITION
ANGLE 48 TO 45 DEGREES, ESTIMATED ALTITUDE 20,990 FEET. OBJECT

—

LEFT CONTRAIL AND DISINTERGRATED WITHIN 4 OR GT SECONDS FROM

FIRST SIGHTING, NOT A METEORITE,
BT

194 ©

ASTRONOMY

Science News Letren for September 22, 1962

Venus at Greatest Brilliance

Venus will reach its maximum brilliance and the fifth
of the naked-eye planets, Mercury, will come into view in the
October sky, James Stokley reports.

>» THE PLANET VENUS, which has been
so prominent in the western evening sky for
the past few months, will reach maximum
brilliance on Oct. 8.

This is her last fling, however, for by the
end of October Venus will have virtually
disappeared, with a close approach to the
sun's direction.

Three other planets—Saturn, Jupiter and
Mars—are also visible in the evening. And
Mercury, the fifth of the naked-eye planets,
comes into view before sunrise about Oct.
21.

Only Saturn and Jupiter are shown on
the accompanying maps, which give the
appearance of the skies about ten o’clock
(your own kind of standard time) at the
beginning of October; an hour earlier in
the middle of the month and two hours
earlier at the end. Venus sets too early, and
Mars rises too late to be shown.

Venus Visible in Daylight

Venus sets about an hour and a half after
the sun on Oct. 1, Even then it is practi-
cally as bright as it will be on the 8th—of
magnitude minus 4.3 on the astronomical
scale. This makes it far brighter thar any
other planet, or any star. It is visible long
before the others, while the sky is still quite
bright.

In fact, Venus can be seen even while the
sun is shining, if you are shaded from the
direct sunlight, and know just where to look.

Jupiter’s magnitude in October is minus
2.3. Although this is less than a sixth as
bright as Venus, it is still about 15 times
brighter than Saturn. And even that planet
equals a bright first magnitude star. Jupiter
is well up in the southeast, in the constella-
tion of Aquarius, the water carrier, and it
sets about two hours after midnight.

Saturn is to the right, and lower, in
Capricornus, the sea-goat.

Mars, of the first magnitude this month _

and a little fainter than Saturn, is in Gemini,
the twins, at the first of October. It rises
a little before midnight. Red in color, it ts
easy to idenuty.

Among the stars, the brightest is Vega, in
Lyra, the lyre, which is high in the north-
ern half of the western sky. Above it is
Deneb, in Cygnus, the swan: Altair, in
Aquila, the eagle, shines to the left of
Deneb, and is shown on the map for the
southern sky.

Over in the northeast is another first
niagnitude star—Capeila, in Auriga, the
charioteer, And next coer, to the right, is
Taurus, the bull, with Aldebaran,. This star
is red in color, and about the same bright-
ness as Mars which comes up later.

They need not be confused, however:
Aldebaran shines with the scintillating bril-

liance of a star, while Mars has the steady
and untwinkling glow of a planet.

Low in the south, below Jupiter, is Fo-
malhaut, in Piscis Austrinus, the southern
fish. This is another star of the first magni-
tude, although it looks fainter, because it is
so low in the sky. As this star is far south
in the sky it never, for us, rises higher
than it is now.

Above Jupiter is a group of four stars
called the Great Square in Pegasus, the
winged horse. Although these are not first
magnitude, the square makes a start-
ing point in finding your way around the
skies. Alpheratz, in the upper left-hand
corner, is actually not in Pegasus, but in
Andromeda, the princess.

The evenings of October are about the
poorest of the year for seeing the familiar
“great dipper,” which is part of Ursa Major,
the great bear. As shown on the northern
sky map it is now in its lowest position,
close to the horizon, For persons south of
30 degrees north latitude (about that of
New Orleans) all stars but one of the
great dipper go below the horizon on Octo-
ber evenings.

Above Ursa Major is Ursa Minor, the
little bear, and in this group is Polaris, the
pole star. Directly above stands Cepheus,
the king (mythologically the husband of

OCTOBER

Cassiopeia, to the right, and the father of
Andromeda, above).

Cepheus is not a brilliant constellation;
none of its stars is as bright as the first
magnitude, But in this group is a star of
the fourth magnitude that is quite incon-
spicuous but very important to astronomers.
This is delta Cephei, the easternmost of a
little triangle of stars in the upper part of
the constellation. It is the prototype of a
class of stars known as Cepheid variables,
which astronomers have found to be valu-
able as measuring sticks of the universe.

Delta Cephei a Variable Star

Delta ‘Cephei is a variable star. From a
maximum of magnitude 3.8, it drops in
about four days to 4.3, about two-thirds as
bright. In about a day and a half it returns
to its maximum brightness; the total period
of the cycle is 5.4 days.

Apparently it is pulsating. While it is
expanding it is brightest, and when it is
most rapidly contracting it is faintest. When
at maximum brightness, it is more bluish,
which indicates an increase in temperature
of about 3,600 degrees.

Cepheids, like most stars, utilize nuclear
energy to supply energy by a process in
which hydrogen is converted to helium.
According to one theory, the star contracts
and this heats up its core, thus firing up
the nuclear furnace that keeps it going.

Finally, so much radiation is fowing out-
ward from the center that its pressure causes
it to expand. But as it gets to maximum

DISCIS AUS TQIMUS * nit SATURN
* Za)
Fonginaut Ky,

PHOENIX

I ay
Gaus SAGITTARIUS,

* %* ® 9 © SYMBOLS FOR STARS IN ORDER OF BRIGHTNESS

Pe ee ee ee ne lls lt allie

— -—<-

2.

=

‘IE FELIS

SPACE

Satellite Radio Link
Planned for Americas

» PROJECT RELAY, the communications
satellite scheduled to be launched later this
year, will provide a radio link between
North and South America by satellite for
the first time,

Initial tests are planned to connect the
International Telephone and - Telegraph
Corporation's station in Nutley, N. J., with
mobile equipment to be set up outside Rio
de Janeiro. Direct communications via Relay
will also be mace between the Rio station
and Europe.

Relay will be placed in an elliptical orbit,
inclined 50 degrees from the equator, by
the National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration, It is expected to complete one orbit
in two and a half hours.

* Science News Letter, 82:193 September 22, 1962

GEOPHYSICS

Radiation Belt No Hazard
To Weather Satellite

> TIROS VI, the next research weather
satellite, scheduled for launch in late Sep-
tember, will not be affected by the man-
created radiation belt resulting from a USS.
high-altitude bomb test last July.

The atomic particles are now circling the
globe in a false Van Allen belt. Although
some space shots have been delayed by the
hazardous belt, Tiros VI will be on sched-
ule when it follows its successful forerun-
ners, Dr, S. Fred Singer, director of the
National Satellite Weather Center, said.

Two more Tiros research vehicles will
follow Tiros VI before June 1, 1963, Dr.
Singer said.

During August, Tiros V and its weak
brother, Tiros IV, spotted 50°%% of the major
storms well in advance of other reports,
vhowing the extreme success of the research
satellite, Dr. Singer told a subcommittee of
the House Committee on Science and Astro-
nautics, Hurricanes Alma and Becky were
first “seen” from the weather spy, as well
as three other major storms.

Since the Tiros satellites have been an
“overwhelming success,” Dr. Singer has
proposed they be used operationally until
the lagging Nimbus satellites are completed
and checked out.

The development snag of the Nimbus
vehicles was reported at the end of August.
The scheduled launch date was changed
from the second quarter of 1962 to at least
the middle of 1963. Even if the shot is suc-
cessful, it will cake several months before
Nimbus is truly functional.

An alternative proposal for an operational
Tiros system has just been drafted, Dr.
Singer said. If the plan is accepted by the
users of the system and the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration, the first

~ feces eee

Science News Lerrer jor September 22, 1962

of two operational Tiros satellites could be
launched by June 1, 1963.

An rational program
needed, Dr. F. W. Reichelderfer, Weather
Bureau chief, said, Lives, limbs and property
can be saved by advance hurricane predic-
tion, as well as protection to crops and aid
to navigation, he pointed out.

Tiros VI will carry essentially the same
equipment as Tiros V, a NASA official said.

. It will have two TV cameras and infrared

receptors to scout the earth. It will also have
nearly the same orbit, covering approxi-
mately 50% of the world’s weather pattern.

With two Tiros satellites girdling the
earth at the same time, Dr. Singer said,
90% of the world would be surveyed con-
stantly. But the emphasis would be on the
North American continent, since the receiv-
ing stations are on the East and West
Coasts of the United States.

Asked if a top priority was being given
to the lagging Nimbus program, Weather
Bureau officials noted that a research and
development problem could not be solved
by additional funds or scientists. Too many
persons working on the problem can do as
much harm as too few, they said.

Until Nimbus technicians solve their
problems, an operational Tiros system could
do the job, Dr. Singer said.

* Science News Letter, 82:193 September 22, 1962

TECHNOLOGY
First Live Color
Telecast From Europe

> THE FIRST live color telecast from Eu-
rope, utilizing Telstar, the communications
satellite, was viewed by physicians attending
the Twelfth International Congress of Der-
matology in Washington, D. C.

The transmission is a part of an experi-
mental intercontinental medical communica-
tions program from England. It is the first
time the satellite has been used for an inter-
continental exchange of medical information.

The dermatologists saw a discussion and
demonstration of advances in treatment of
psoriasis, a chronic skin disease.

The telecast originated at Culdrose, Eng-
land, near Goonhilly Downs, site of the
British transmission station of satellite com-
munications, The picture was transmitted in
color by microwave to Goonhilly Downs.
The color event conveyed to Andover,

. Maine, by Telstar was relayed by microwave

to Washington, D. C.

At the same time, a panel of physicians
in England and a panel of physicians in
Washington, D. C., voiced communications
with each other by Atlantic telephone cable.

Dr. Donald M. Pillsbury, Philadelphia,
Pa., President of the Twelfth International
Congress of Dermatology, hailed the com-
munications experiment as a milestone in
exchange of medical information, He said:
“The Telstar color transmission points the
way to more rapid spread of medical infor-
ination berween nations.”

Color television facilires of Santh Kline
and French Laboratories, Philadeiphia, and
its British subsidiary, Smith Kline and
French Laboratories Limited, were used to
telecast the program,

* Science News Letter, 82:193 September 22, 1962

eee ee

is urgently

eer 09ers Oo

193

OPHTHALMOLOGY
Eye Drops Can Cause
Blindness in Humans

> INFECTION from contaminated eye
drops often causes blindness, an Australian
eye surgeon said in Sydney.

In the United States, the real incidence
of eye infections from contaminated solu.
tions is unknown because, of fear of legal
liability among doctors mY hospital staff,
the surgeon charged.

The charge was made by Dr. D. O.
Crompton, honorary eye surgeon at Royal
Adelaide Hospital, to the Australian and
New Zealand Association for the Advance-
ment of Science congress.

Dr. Crompton said medical journals
should publicize cases of eye infection caused
by contaminated eye drops. They should
not feel “fettered by fear of any possible
legal consequences following specific dis-
closures,” he said.

Not long ago in an Australian hospital,
a number of eyes were lost in a few months
from infection following lens extraction,
he said,

“The cause was found to be unsterile eye
drops. When the ophthalmologists wished
to make public their findings, permission
was refused by the hospital administration.”

Dr. Crompton said there was a proven

frequency of contamination in eye drop-

solutions by Pseudomonas pyocyanea—one
of the most dangerous organisms in eye
infections.

® Science News Letter, 82:193 September 22, 1962
SPACE

Instrument Package to
Reach Venus After 1965

» AN INSTRUMENT package piercing
the shrouded atmosphere of Venus and
landing on its hidden surface sometime
after 1965 is one of many planetary probes
scheduled to follow the successful Mariner
shot.

The package will be dropped from a
spacecraft orbiting around Venus. The
probe is part of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration's planetary ex-
ploration program, largely obscured until
now by the man-in-space face.

Within the next decade, NASA plans to
have:

Another Mariner fly by Venus in 1964.

A more sophisticated Mariner that will
skirt Mars the same vear.

Che 1,500-pound Voyagers, now in the
design stage, to orbit Mars and Venus,
sometime after 1965. Each spacecraft will

drop a capsule on the planets’ surface dur-
ing its mission.

Between 1968 and 1973, flights will be
sent toward Mercury, 57 million miles away,
and Jupiter, more than six times farther
away (390 million miles) from earth.

Manned flights to Mars’ may rotlow soon
thereafter.

The Mariner probe now hurtling through
space toward Venus successfully marks the
beginning of a new phase of outer space
exploration—the planets.

* Science News Letter, $2:193 September 22, 1962

—— a _

-_ —— — —-

~~

iy

size, the internal temperature goes down
and the nuclear furnace. reduces its output.
This permits it to contract again, and the
eo over uae ge dsee

ta Cephei, with a peri 4 days,
has a mean magnitude of four. This, how-
ever, is its apparent magnitude—how bright
it looks—which depends partly on its dis- |
tance. A faint star nearby may outshine a
brilliant one that is farther away.

So to compare the intrinsic luminosity— “
the candlepower—of a star, we use absolute |
magnitude, which is what they would be
if all were at a standard distance. The mean |
absolute magnitude of delta Cephei is about
minus 2; it is some 660 times more lumi-
ay eee

or a cep t goes t its cycle
in a day, the mean absolute itude
would be minus 0.5, while one with a 20-
day period would be ten times as bright,
or minus four.

Cepheids are usually recognized from the f
way their light changes—brightening rap- /
idly, dimming more slowly. Then the period
of a cepheid is measured, in days and frac- | 7
tions. The relation between period and lumi- |
nosity tells how bright the star really is |
(on the average); you can see how bright
it looks in the sky. Knowing the effect of
distance on brightness, how far away it is
can be calculated.

Thus cepheid variable stars are important
tools in measuring distance. Their use has
been complicated in recent years as astrono-
mers found that not all of them are alike,
as they had formerly assumed, This meant
that some of the distant galaxies—huge sys
tems of stars like the whole Milky Way
system, of which the earth is a part—were
more than twice as far as they had formerly
believed,

That is the way science advances, how-
ever: one man observes an effect and arrives |
at a conclusion. Then comes another who |
refines it, ever getting closer and closer to
ultimate truth,

Celestial Time Table for October

Oct. EST
2 4:00a.m. Moon passes Venus
4:44a.m. Algol (variable star in Perseus) y

at minimum brightness
5 1:33am. Algol at minimum
6 11:00a.m. Mercury between earth and sun /
2:55 p.m. Moon at first quarter
7 1t0:22p.m. Algol at minimum
8 6:00a.m. Moon passes Saturn 4,
5:00 p.m. Venus at greatest brilliancy
10 6:00a.m. Moon passes Jupiter
7:ttp.m. Algol at minimum
(2 10:00p.m. Moon nearest, distance 221,500 |
mules
13. -7:33.a.m. Full moon
20 3:48a4.m. Moon in last quarter
8:00 p.m. Moon passes Mars
24 4rsoop.m. Mercury farthest east of sun; |
visible for a few days about
now low in east before sunrise
25 11:00p.m. Moon farthest, distance 252,500

miles
26 =g:00p.m. Moon passes Mercury
28 «(togasm. Algol at conimum 4

S:os a.m, New tnoon
3060s S53 p.m. Algol at minimum
Subtract one hour for CST, two hours for
MST, and three hours for PST.

* Science News Letter, 82:194 September 22, 1962

Piezometers for the measurement of pore-
fluid pressures in earth dams have been

developed. |
ELE LLL ie A al Sy cc Rar str er ed

a ‘

ground, such concepts as cesium clock, periodic
table, covalent bond, colloidal state and free
energy.

Tue Science or Oursetves: Adventures in
Experimental Psychology—W. N. McBain and
R. C. Johnson—Harper & Row, 217 p., illus.
by Ilse Kochn, $3.50. Introduces young persons
to the methods and experiments used in study-
ing human behavior.

Sitent Sprinco—Rachel Carson—Houghton,
368 p., illus. by Lois and Louis Darling, $5.
Eloquent protest by a scientist about the in-
discriminate use of pesticides by which man has

poisoned birds, fish and other wildlife, and
possibly even himself.

Tue Seace INpbustry: America’s Newest Giant

_ —Editors of Fortune—Prentice-Hall, 178 p.,

$4.05. A look at the U. S. space effort from
the business and management's point of view.

Tuts Untverss or Space—Peter M. Millman
—Schenkman Pub. Co., 118 p., diagrams by
author, paper, $1.95. Astrophysicist’s up-to-date
and very readable general account of the ob-
servable universe.

Tomorrow's Maru: Unsolved Problems for
the Amateur—C, Stanley Ogilvy—Oxford Univ.
Press, 182 p., illus., $5. Mathematician explains
in terms intelligible to the layman, some of the
analytical, geometrical, topological and arith-
metical problems that have been studied so
far without success,

Varactor AppLications—Paul Penfield, Jr.
and Robert P. Rafuse—M.LT. Press, 623 p., $15.
A theoretical study of semiconductor diodes with
a nonlinear capacitance usable at microwave
frequencies,

Wearner Mooieication: Third Annual Re-
port for Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1961—
National Science Foundation—GPO, 78 p.,
paper, 30¢. Summarizes U.S, weather modifica-
tion activities and reviews programs in other
countries,

Wovpers OF THE FreLtps AnD Ponos at NIGHT
—Jacquelyn Berrill—Dodd, illus. by author, $3.
Tells young readers about small animals at night
in the backyard, in the air, underground and at
the pond.

Tue Yosemrre—John Muir, notes and introd.
by Frederic R. Gunsky—Doubleday, 225 p.,
photographs, paper, 95¢. First published in
1g12.

* Science News Letter, 82:196 September 22, 1962

TECHNOLOGY

Air-Insulated “‘Balloon”
Communications Cable

>» COMMUNICATIONS cable that looks
like linked miniature balloons has been an-
nounced by Superior Cable Corporation,
Hickory, N. C. and Simplex Wire & Cable
Company, Cambridge. Mass. The technique
was imported from France.

The “balloon” design, as it is known
throughout Europe, makes possible “im-
proved transmission combined with excep-
tional mechanical strength and anticipated
economy over existing coaxial and telephonic
types now available to U. S. cable users,”
the announcement said,

Widespread application is expected, ac-
cording to both Simplex and Superior, for
carrying all kinds of information electron-
ically, whether “words, pictures or symbois.”

Among volume markets viewed are: tele-
phonic communication, railroad and utility
applications; educational, community and
closed circuit TV; and long lines carrier
systems for both audio and video signals.

* Science News Letter, 82:196 September 22, 1962

~—— rr

a nce et th ee A -

» a ee Ee em a a

A CC CO

_ ate, t

10 CASE INFORMATION ONL

,

‘

Sy
Silver Ball Seen In apo |

oo

At 10 a.m., on Monday, October. 1,
1962, a siler ball-shaped object ; was
spotted by various residents of Thames- |
ville, Ontario, Canada. It was still there |
at midnight and no explanations + are
forthcoming from responsibel authorities
although a flippant newspaperman at the
London Free Press informed one inquir-
er that “it would probably go away after
the observer had some sleep.” During ©
the evening, jet contrails in the vicinity !
of the object were seen by observers.
The reporter for the Thamesville Herald |
concluded his rather humorous article: |
“So, after analyzing all the answers, we
swear never to look at another object in |
the sky. Even if we see it. We'll ignore
it.” This seems to be good advice, inas |
much as so few people take UFO ser

ously.

eS ge ee he

1 ocT 62
ONTARIO

& 20 Racer

a eee

4 oar & 1

——

No Case (Information Only) 3 October 1962 | |
Atlantic, Ocean |

“33 ‘!

: eS aS = Sy. Rass bo _<
‘ A “
GLOBAL SICUTINGS:

ATLaviTIU COBAN-Oct 3, 1962..:.From a Sia
‘publication “dated Nov 10, EIGN s cavectiess
The sighting was made by Second Officer J.
Connors of the American SS Smith Tourist,

at O745 GMT (1:45 AM EST)...,Enroute from
Bahamas to Moracce, he sighted "what ap~
peared to be a rocket or space ship in the
sky." The ‘unknown! streaked from W toE,
lJeaving a trail as bright as the sun and
_ [the same color,

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