PROJECT BLUE BOOK

7

PROJECT 10073 RECORD CARD

12. CONCLUSIONS

1. DATE 2. LOCATION
O Was Balloon
29 Ar G2 Edwards AFB, Calif. QO Probably Balloon
3. DATE-Time GROUP 4. TYPE OF OSSERVATION o Fesqay cates
7 O Was Aircraft
Coed) _ i O Ground- Vi sual O Ground-Rader  Probobly Aircraft
GMT ee Ct Air Vi sol O Air-Intercep? Radar | 7 Possibly Aircraft
RY os O Probably Astronomicol
O Ne Military O Possibly Astronomical
—a a < AE
7. LENGTH OF OSSERVATION 8. NUMBER OF OBJECTS | 9. COURSE GO Other
‘CX Insufficient Dota for Evaluction
0 Unknown
10. BRIEF SUMMARY OF SIGHTING 11. COMMENTS -|

X-15 photos on movie film. Partial Analysis of the strip that was

Strip sent to FTD for analysis, Con- received showed only the "chase

tact w/organization having the film plane" as an obj that might have

pronised info to be forwarded, been considered unidentified. Cas

however, this was not recéived by FTDV¥considered as insufficient data
until such time as the film is
Supplied for analysis.

Note: Film strip sent to Dr Hynek

since no obj was depicted. To be used

by him as illustration of hidSh alt photography.

ATIC FORM 329 (RZV 245 SEP 52)

r “nage alae 4 * Wrr°*

—_—— — —-

AUGUST 1952

acord

Farns AFSC Major First
Astronaut Wings In Comd
And 2nd ‘Primus’ Honor

When Maj. Robert M. White, famed
X-15 pilot, pushed his tiny rocket
powered research craft to an altitude © of
314,750 feet July 17, he scored m
aerospace firsts than the casual observer
would probab’y notice.

His more obvious accomplishments
included Recomine the first man to
qualify as an astronaut in a winged
aircraft and becoming the first Air
Force Syster:s Command member to
wear astronaut wings.

To earn the same and the wings o

astronaut, riajo or White had to reac:
in altitude of $0 miles. He bettere

!

-)
"

fe oF

Gere ieee

ents mark by 9.6 miles in a flight whi

a to”

rat

The historic fight shattered an earlier
X- 15 altitude record jointly held by
‘Major White and National Acronautics
and Space Administration test pilot Joe
Walker. That record was in the neigh-

borhood of 250,000 icet.

As Major White figuratively gave the
X-15's 57,000 pounds of thrust a kick
in the pants, he nosed the craft upward

;
in the sharpest angle of climb yet 2
tempted in the X-15 program. The
liquid fueled rocket engine burned 7!
seconds and 2 maximum speed of
3,784 mph was attained at an altitude
of 156,000 fee

Last month's ficht had been originally
programmed for 282, 000 fect with a
maximum speed of 3,500 mph. The
so tht as planned odie have reached

n itu of 53.4 miles, more than
enou for the award of astronaut
wil 1S5
Shortly after the flight, Major White
was flown to Washington, D. C. where
he was presented astronaut wings by
Air Force Cc hief of Staff Gen. Curtis E.
leMay in a Pentagon ceremony on
luly 18. Mrs. White was present for
the occasion and pinned on the major’s

wm tA

, 2S

On the same day, President Kennedy
Sresented the m / roand three other
tS pilots, Scott Crossfield, Joe
Wall ad Navy Comdr. Forrest
Pet m. the coveted Collier Tr ph: for
contributions to aviation through X-15

—
oe
-
—
7
-
—
—
¢
-
mm
oa
t.
.

j i

Major Robert M. White is met on Rogers Dry Lake by his seven-year-old son, Gregory
altitude record for winged craft. the famed N-15 pilot, a charter member of the A
soured to an altitude of almost 60 miles in a recent flight. The accomplishment carne
becoming the first man to eara ostroeaut wings in a completely pilot controted vehi

Major Robert M. White is met on Rogers Dry Lake by his seven-year-old son, Gregory, ofter th
altitude record for winged craft. Tie famed X-15 pilot, a charter member of the AFSC
an altitude of almost 60 miles in a recent flight. Lhe accomplishment earned th

soured to

becoming

;
. ‘

the first man to earn astronaut wings in a completely pilot controlled vehicle.

Lv

i ~yA

=)

La)

EDITORIAL

Etfects Of Nuclear Weapons

One of the reasons for this year’s series of US atmospheric
nuclear tests, as President Kennedy said last March, was to ad-
vance our knowledge of nuclear weapon effects.

This knowledge is extremely important to the Air Force Systems
Commanc because our weapon systems must operate effectively
in 2 nuclear environment and they must be effective against enemy
weapon systems.

A clear understanding of nuclear effects is necessary to solutions
of problems related to survival of the retaliatory force’s hardened
missile and communications sites, to destruction of enemy re-entry
vehicles, and to hardening of our re-entry vehicles against enemy
AICBM systems.

When the moratorium on nuclear testing began in 1958, it was,
of course, necessary to redirect the Air Force Special Weapons
Center’s nuclear effects research program. Faced with urgent
requirements for effects data, the Special Weapons Center had,
Where possible, to find ways other than by actual testing, to pro-
vide the needed information.

The Center made significant progress in finding new sources
of effects data during the moratorium years, A great many theo-
retical investigations were conducted with the aid of high speed
digital computers. Laboratory simulation techniques were de-
veloped as a relatively inexpensive means of studying certain
effects.

Literally hu indreds of experiments, which could be considered
as small scale effects tests, have been conducted at the Center. The
experiments al! have been non-nuclear and have taken place under
controlled laboretory conditions. Many more will take place in
the months come as we begin operations in our new nuclear
warfare research laboratory.

Nuclear effects research has had and will continue to have
an impact throughout AFSC. As President Kennedy said:

“We are spending great sums of money on radar to alert our
defense and to develop possible anti-missile systems ... on the
communications which enabie our command and control centers
to direct a response . on hardening our missile sites .
shielding our missiles and warheads from defensive action and
providing them with electronic guidance systems to find their
targets.

“But we cannot be certain how much of this preparation will
turn | fon to be useless; blacked out, paralyzed or destroyed by the
x effects of nuclear explosions.”
hoes with full seale tests like those

: E ~e bP evcey ry f? 048 3 nue? be " ’
tre Vert. special Weup ms & onal theoretic 7 WOTR

conducted in the Pacific
amd! lubora-
tory effocts simulation=will help provide the certainty the Air
hr ubdle to
> and operate in the environment of a nuclear detonation,
whether on earth or in space.

RIVG thyrat its \ Apo ar egy ipment will he

Brig. Gen, John W. White
Commander, AFSWC

1952

=

AUGUST,

The AFSC NEWSREVIEW is an official Gen.
Class IV Air Force newspaper, pub-

lished monthly by and for personnel Maj.
of the Air Force Systems Command.
Opinions expressed herein do not Col.
necessarily represent those of the Air t
Force. Information contained in the Ma},
AFSC NEWSREVIEW may be repro- Chie!
duced provided proper credit is given SSsf.
the source. Official USAF photos un-
less otherwise indicated.

Contents

Patrick AFB Solyes Holiday Road Hay
They stay at home and like it

Man’s ‘Pressurability’ Tested ......
How well will he withstand spac

Preparing Atlas Boosters For Manned
Air Force experts leave nothing

Aerospace Education Conference Hel
Base-community venture to fulfi

Second Bionics Symposium Slated ..
ASD and Dayton, Ohio will be |!

War College Associate Courses Callec
Being established on nation-wide
Grooming Pilots For Leading Space !
Curriculum and philosophy shap

BSD Officer Earns Doctorate .....
A 20-year educational haul pays

Bootstrapper Enrolled In Advanced R
One of 22 pursuing graduate sft

ECMR Man Awarded Top Scouting
Wins ‘Silver Beaver’ for long, ou

AFSC Briefs ........
AFSC Chserver

Operations ......... 6

PAgnagement ........ 5

Hq AFSC, Andrews AFB, Washin

AFSC Deputy Commander Air P
Acrospace Systems Eglin
Los Angeles 45, Calif.

i AF S$
Ballistic Systems Division, Kirkle
Los Angeles 45, Calif. yeh

‘35 Aon
Space Systems Division, ii
Los Angeles 45, Calif. AF }
bolle
Electronic Systems Division,
L. G. Hanscom Field, Rom
Bedford, Mass. Griff
Aeronautical Systems Division, 2 F
Wrisht-Pattersan AF8, Oh'o Edwe
te
Foraiqn Technology Division, ae K
Wright-Patterson AFB, Oh'o :
Cont
Aerospace Medical Division Y
Brook: AFS, Tas.
Research and Techislouy Division Mira
Bouting AFB. Wash. 25. B.C
Aime
AF Missde Test Center, Agen
Patrick AFB, Fla, Asli

Se ee ee

U.S. Air horce——Agrospace

mewsreview

AUGUST, 1952 Volume 4, No. 8

The AFSC NEWSREVIEW is an official Gen. Bernard A. Schriever,

Class IV Air Force newspaper, pub- Commander, AFSC

lished monthly by and for personnel Maj. Gen. Clyde H. Mitchell,
of the Air Force Systems Command. Vice Commander, AFSC
Opinions expressed herein do not Col. Richard K. Jacobson,
necessarily represent those of the Air Director of Information, AFSC
Force. Information contained in the Maj. Edward C. Tarbutton,
AFSC NEWSREVIEW may be repro- Chief, Internal Information Division

duced provided proper credit is given SSqt. George E. Fleming, Editor

i the source, Official USAF photos un- — paargaret C. English,

less otherwise indicated. Associate Editor

Weapons |

‘ontents

eries of US atmospheric Contents

d Jast March, was to ad- ! Patrick AFB Solves Holiday Road Nazard Problem ..... ots
a effects. i They stay at home and like it

to the Air Force Systems
‘s must operate effectively
he effective against enemy it!

Man's *“Pressurability’ Tested 2. sick keer ces veces =66
low well will he withstand space flight?

Preparing Atlas Boosters For Manned Space Shois ...... 7
1s is necessary to solutions Air Force experts leaye nothing to chance
taliatory force’s hardened

: ( n on ere a ee
Liracticnadl enemy teentcy | Aerospace Education Conference Hel 7

Base-community venture to fulfill tomorrow's needs

aw ; Being established on nation-wide scale
Weapons Center had,

| by actual testing, to pro-

ry vehicles against enemy
1} Second Bionics Symposium Slated ...............055. 8
ting began in 19338, it was, il ASD and Dayton, Ohio will be hosts
Force Special Weapons ; . .
ape fe on | War College Associate Courses Called Success ......... 19
‘am. Faced with urgent |
}

Grooming Pilots For Leading Space Roles ............ Uf

— ———- oo

\ Curriculum and philosophy shaped by the future:
s in finding new sources 5
ens BSD Officer Earns Doctorate .............20.5008- . §2
Cae Eee ies bye A 20-year educational haul pays off
ith the aid of high spzed i se i pay’
tion techniques were de- i Bootstrapper Enrolled In Advanced R&D Class ...... ce ae
rans of studying certain i) One of 22 pursuing graduate studies at Eglin
Hi} .
a L eA HI ECMIR Man Awarded Top Scouting Prize ............ 14
“hich could be consider2 / o
cit COU! be COMSIUS Tou i “9. gaye ; : “ :
meted-at the Center. The i Vins ‘Silver Beaver’ for long, outstanding service
Milicte « i ‘ ee 4]
ad have taken place under Mi Operations ......05. @ AFSC Briets 2545.52: 9 Accent On People .... 12
‘more will take pla Ce if Hh Management ........ 8 AFSC Observer ...... 11 Satta! Side. wie e-caias 16
ns in our new nucles: i
Hit Hq AFSC, Andrews AFB, Washington 25, D. C. -
1 will continue to have rH AFSC Deputy Commander Air Proving Ground Center,

b Reanedy-<nig Aerospace Systems Eglin AFB, Fla.
n c ’ i y Si .

—

icy on radac to alert our
Sile systems ... on the
rand and contro! centers
* our missile sites .
: defensive action and
sy:'ems to find their

of this preparation will
yzed or destroyed by the

d in the Pacific
tical wor and ie thos it

the certainty the Air

rduret

of a nuclear detonation,

1. John VW. White
ler, AFSWC

Los Angeles 45, Calif.

Ballistic Systems Division,
Los Angeles 45, Calif,

Space Systems Division,

Los Angoles 45, Calif.

Electronic Systems Division,
L. G. Hanscom Field,

Bodford. Mass.

Aeronautical Systems Division,
Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio

Foreign Technology Division,
Wright-Patterson AFB, Chio

Acrotpace Medical Division

Brooks APB, Tex.

Research and Technains
Bolling AFB, Wash. 25, D.

AF Missile Test Center,
Petre’ AFB. Fle,

_———

AF Special Weapons Center,
Kirkland AFS8, NLM,

Arnold Enginearing Development Center,
Arnold AFS, Tenn.

AF Missile Development Centar,
Hellion AFB, N. M.

Rome Air Davelopment Center,
Griffiss AFB, N.Y

AF Flight Test Center,
Edwards AFB. Calif

Eastern Contract Management Region
Cimstead AFB, Pa,

ae \e TOSPAC vi

~

Central Contract Management Ragion
Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohie
Viestera Contract M Ps ? Reg 3”
Mira Loma AF Station, Calit.
Armed 5 rica Techni =a! Informatio
Agency, Ariing avon Hall S stian
Arlington, Va

+ wr VN [>..

ower for Peace

Building Best Enlisted Leadership

is Role of Senior NCO Academy

Since 1955, more than 4,000 non-
commissioned officers have graduated
from the Air Force Systems Com-
mand’s Senior NCO Academy at Kirt-
land AFB in Albuquerque, N. M.

Academic and military training are
combined at the academy in a hard-
hitting program designed to equip non-
conimissioned leaders to handle their
Ait Force responsibilities at a time in
history when demands on leadership,
moral responsibility and military kKnow-
how are the greatest of all time.

More than seven years ago, the Air
Force recognized the need for further
professional training for NCOs, Such
training long bad been available to
commissioned officers through such Air
University procrams as the Squadron
@ficers School, Air Command and
Siaff School, and the Air War College.
But for NCOs, there was little oppor-
tunity beyond Sasic training to receive
advanced instruction in military leader-
ship skifis,

With the dawn of the ballistic missile
ard space age aiready breaking, it was
apparent that the Air Force was going
to need the very best NCOs with the
very best training.

Headquarters USAF authorized acad-
emy training for NCOs, with the scope
and nature of courses to be deterinined
by major commands. In late 1954, the
commander of what then was the Air
Research and Development Command
authorized estadlishment of a Senior
NCO Academy for the science, engi-
neering and testing arm of the Air
Foree. Kirtland was selected as the
academy site because of the base's cen-
tral incation and availability of ade-
quate dormitory and classroom facili-

,s
The first class of 62 master sergeants
ing in January, 1955, They

were the first of more than 4,000 men
who have come, not only from the
Systems Command, but from the Air
Force Academy, Air Defense Com-
mand, Headouarters Command, Con-
tinenta!l Air Commend, Air F
Communications Sersice and even the
Army.

Today the academ
classes, or G00 men a year.
are six Weeks lonz

ee
Basic

orce

graduates eight
Courses

> ucademy is that
the noncom needs professional skill, not
only in technical fields but in Jeader-
ship. He must have a strong sense of
moral responsibility, pride in the serv-
ice, and concern for the welfare of his
colleagues and subordinates.

Six weeks at the academy are nv va-
Vhere’s hard work and lots of
it \ military atmosphere prevails
throvehout the course, Academy in-
struciors say this ts vital to stimulate
uécuptation of proper military rules of
condict after graduation, Emphasis is
pinced on correct military dress, ap-

concept oO:

ention

res Gunn cf hoormnoe tj ‘re iS ir tric
tion i I cer } rik
iets ' tovol
: sb be " © | » PLAS wet
'
4 ) ~ ’ : “es
thy ! on in i) / i!
sr ; ‘ a sta] 7 . | "7
‘ \{ . SiQOT} pre icon Whe
. ! .
Ct ‘ ’ aersnip, rairnn; nei
} . } ra. $
. i qu =a) Lt hy
. ’
; ry he i
r ‘ \! Ss | i { ;

mand history and organization, world
affairs, and collective security.

The work’s hard at the academy, but
the living’s good. Students enjoy the
best possible accommodations. Quar-
ters are in a modern two story, air
conditioned building. Two men share
a room equipped with steel wall lock-
ers, study desk, lamp, chairs, two chests
of drawers, and three-quarter width
beds with innerspring mattresses.

Automatic washing machines, driers,
irons, ironing boards, tape recorders
and typewriters are available for stu-

ent use. A library containing books
and periodicals covering all subjects
taught at the academy is located in -the
dormitory, along with a student work-
room.

Physical fitness is an important part
of academy life. Each student is ex-

Other outstanding graduates receive
achievement certificates
receives a distinctive diploma, symbol
of achievement through diligent indi-
vidual application to a
course of study.

A student’s work day begins at 5:15
in the morning. Until five in the eve-
ning. he is busy with drill, academic
instruction and sports. Evening study
hours are from 6:30 to 9:30, Students
have to be in quarters at 11:30 each
night except Saturdays and evenings
preceding academy recognized holidays.
Saturday begins at 5:15, but stidents
normally are [ree from duty by noon.
Sunday is the day off.

The academy is staffed by two offi-
cers, 15 noncommissioned officer in-
structors, acd five airmen who work in
supply, administration and in the audio
visual program, and two civilian secre-
taries,

Each graduate

demanding

Commandant is Lt, Col. John S. Al-
bright, who holds a BS degrce from the
University of Maryland, and MA de-
gtees from Maryland and Denver Uni-

Pointing out a trouble spot during a world affairs class is SMSgt. Joseph
H. Corbin, Students are (from left) 1Set. Johnny C. Schultz, Air Proving
Ground Center; MSgt. Jakey H. Woodard, Air Force Missile Development
Center; and SMSegt. Howard J. McElderry, APGC,

pected to participate in the sports pro-
gram which consists of volleyball,
horseshoes and softball. Swimming is
optional in the summer months,

A major theme at the academy is
competition. Competition between the
three student flights is carried out in
sports, inspections, parades, reviews and
in academic areas, and is topped off at
the end of each six-week course at the
graduation banquet, when awards and
honors are announced.

Best flight is designated the honor
fight. fs achievement is engraved on
a plaque permanently displayed in the
dayroorn,

Individual awards ure the Honor
Graduate Award, presented on the basi

of acadcinic grades and military merit;

the Academic Award, presented to the
aye bajar) ¢ | iden

je Hor ii { nA ! if
Awured for the student, other than the
honor radiate and neademic award
winn whe achieves the hich |
of viliturs rit i] demonstrated
, y qual

~

a
J
Acad
tentic
Elere
traini
TSxt.
AF &

versil
jis T
degre
Ins
the A
ates
Instri
comr
Cour
ment
Su
gradi
jobs i
been
sion.
“p
cer \
spons
desire
super
Hi
have
comr
the fi
the a
ship
tribut
the ‘

ganir

It isn’t all work, On the afternoon coffee bri
Set. Danny iL. Vieuador of tochpert AS

of DLAN (second From rivht), talk things ove
Lt, Col. Juhn S. Albright (center) and SSIS;

director of training.

ed Leadership
ICO Academy

wl history and organization, world
irs, and collective security.
the work’s hard at the academy, but
living’s good. Students enjoy the
possible accommodations. Quar-
are in a modern two story, air
ditioned building. Two men share
om equipped with steel wall lock-
_ study desk, lamp, chairs, two chests
irawers, and three-quarter width
ls with innerspring mattresses,
utomatic washing machines, driers,
1s, ironing boards, tape recorders
typewriters are available for stu-
tt use. A library containing books
| poriodicals covering aii subjects
hr at the academy is located in the
vitory, along with a student work-

hl
.

Physical fitness is an important part
ncademy life. Each student is ex-

Other outstanding graduates receive
achievement certificates. Each graduate
receives a distinctive diploma, symbol
of achievement through diligent indi-
vidual application to a demanding
course of study.

A student’s work day begins at abs
in the morning. Until five in the eve-
ning, he is busy with drill, casera
instruction and sports. Evening study
hours are from 6:39 to 9:30, Students
have to be in quarters at 11:30 each
night except Saturdays and evenings
preceding academy recognized holidays.
Saturday begins at 5:15, but students
normally are free from duty by noon,
Sunday is the day off.

The academy is staffed by tvo offi-
cers, 15 noncommissioned officer in-
structors, and tive airmen who work in
supply, administration and in the audio
visual program, and two civilian secre-
taries.

Commandant is Lt. Col. John S. Al-

bright, who holds a BS degree from the
University of Maryland, and MA de-
grees from Maryland and Denver Uni-

Pointing out a trouble spot during a world affairs class is SiSgt. Joseph
H. Corbin. Students are (from left) TSet. Johnny C. Schultz, Air Proving
Ground Center; 4iSet. Jukey H. Woodard, Air Force Missile Development
Center; and SMSgt. Howard J. McElderry, APGC,

ted to participate in ine Sports pro-
ram which consists cf volleyball,

rseshoes and softball, Swimming is
ptional in the summer

A major theme at 1 sademy is
mipetition. Competition bemween the

ce student flights is carried out in
ris, inspections, parades, reviews and
' academic arcas, and is topped off at
e end of cach six-week course at the

fuation banquet, when awards and
ors ure announced.

Best flight i designated the honor
ht. Its achievement is engraved on
slaque ie Na displayed in the
yroom

Individual awards are the Honor
radiate A‘

demic vrades and mititacy merit;

ird, presented on the basis

Academic Award, presenter! to the
lent other than the honer graduat
he hichest average in acadeniic
et alone: and the Commandant’s

Jared for the student, other than the

‘rraduate and acadens award
r. who achieves the highest level
iene rit raed j Mot trot +f

It isn’t all work. On the afternoon coffee break in the stiali-sti
TSat. Saany {.. Meador of Reckport

of DCAS (second from riuht), talk
Lt, Col. 49 jhn SS, Adbright (center)
director of trainine,

.

Academy instructors give personal at-
tention to the problems of students.
Here SMSgt. Joho A. Lott, military
training instructor, explains a point to
TSet. John UH. Green of Okluboma City
AF’ Station.

versity. Deputy commandant Maj. Hol-
lis T. Moomaw holds BA and MA
degrees from Arizona State University.
ap vi Lites are among the finest in
the Air Force. The majority are gradu-
ates of the Air University’s Academic
Instructor School. More than half have
completed the Communist Strategy
Course conducted by the State Depart-
ment’s Foreign Service Institute.

Superior performance of academy
graduates since 1955 in their Air Force
jobs is proof positive that the school has
been successful in carrying out its mis-
sion. That mission is to:

“Provide the noncommissioned offi-
cer with an understanding of his re-
sponsibilities and to instill in him a
desire to fulfill his Jeadership and
supervisory role.”

Hundreds of favorable coniments
have been received over the years from
commanders, officers and supervisors in
the ficld. There is no question but that
the academy's course improves leader-
ship qualities and makes a major con-
tribution toward keeping the Air Force
the world’s most effective military or-
ganization.

»~
(>
+. ¢
? . 3
<> ee
5 ad :
i ~~
‘ 7 a =
whe ok i
Ay <i
i} =.

a i

lent lou Vc,

AFS (fief) and SSot. Juck E. Cook
thines over with Acadeary Commandant
snd SAMut. Gerard A, Juhen, ueadeny

(Continued from page !)

over the more glamorous and spectacu-
lar news, the exclusive AFSC Acro-
space Primus Club quietly announced
another significant first for Major
White. He had become the first man
twice honored by that organization. The
announcement received littl notice.

A charter member of Acorospace
Primus, Major White was selected for
membership on the basis of an altitude
record he set with the X-15 on August
12, 1960. He reached an altitude of
136,500 feet, less than half of his
recent record,

Known as the most exclusive club
on ‘earth, the Acrospace Primus Club
was cstablished Aug. 26, 1960 by Gen.
B. A. Schriever, AFSC commander.
There were 13 charter members. In
the two years of its existence, only five
new members have been added

Objectives of the club—stated in its
chatter—are to sromote oviginal ac-
complishment in the discovery, devel-
opment, testing and use of techniques
and equipment in furtherance of the
werospace program and to honor first
individuals to attain or participate in
acrospace accomolishments deemed to
be of historic significance.

Menwbership in the club is restricted
to military and civilian members of the
Air Force who have accomplished sig-
nificant aerospace firsts. A special
Primus Club bo.rd, made up of top
military and civijian officials at Hq.
AFSC, meets as required to nominate
new members. All nominations are
submitted to the AFSC commander for
approval.

Charter mem*ers of the Primus Club
were recognized for three spectacular
aerospace accomplishments duting the
period of Aug. 9-19, 1960. Speaking
of that brief period, General Schriever
ssid, “We have achieved more impor-
tant acrospace firsts than at any time in
history.”

The period begin with the successful
launch of Discoverer XIH into orbit
from Vandenberg AFB, Calif. The fol-
lowing day, the Discoverer XIII capsule
became the first object in history to be
recovered from orbit. On the same day,
there three successful Bomare
launches.

w

were

On Aug. 12, Major White set a new
altitude record in the X-15 and an Air
Force developed Thor boosted the
NASA conimunications balloon, Echo,
into orbit.

On August 16, Capt. Joseph W. Kit-
tinger, Jr., performed a record breaking
parachute jump for which he received
his second Distinguished Flying Cross.
The next day, a Bomare missile sought
out and destroyed a QB-47 drone uir-
craft.

The period of unprecedented success
reached a climax on Aug. 19 when
Capt. Harold E, Mitchell's C-119 crew
made the first successful aerial catch
of an object returning from space, the
Discoverer XIV capsule.

In addition to Major White, the peo-
ple closely associated with the space
capsule aerial recovery and Captain
Kittinger were selected as charter mem-
bers of the Aerospace Primus Club.

General Schriever personally praised
the individuals singled out and pre-
sented them with inscribed plaques on
Aug. 26, 1960.

The feat which brought Primus Club
membership to Captain Kittinger started
with a first step that was followed by a
102,800 foot descent to earth, Stepping
from the open gondola of a balloon
high above the New Mevxico desert, the
plucky captain free-fell 85,300 feet be-
fore his parochute opened. During the
free-fall period, 4 minutes 38 seconds,
he reached a speed of 614 mph.

Captain Kittinger received his first
DFC in 1957 when he rose to un alti-
tude of 96,000 feet in an enclosed bal-

Astronaut wings represent flight at alti-
tudes of 50 miles or more. Miaijor
Robert \1, White became the fifth man
to receive such wings in Pentagon con-
ducted ceremonies,

wee

Si he 2. "et : ~
a. 4; bees
_

Lie og!
aM

Ms a4

President John Bb. Kennedy (eft) poses with North American test pilot Scott

cossficld and AGSO'’s Maj. Robert

eh is awarded annually for outstunding

ur. f Tesi Peter or wie

isimt recipients,

M. White beside the Collie

NS ASA’

Au fester reojgoiecits ore

trophy
contributions to aviation, Navy
joe Walker (not shown) were also

X-+) . pilots,

loon gondola. His 1960 parachute
descent shattered a jump and free-fall
record he had established in November
1959. For that accomplishment, he was
awarded the (959 Harmon Trophy.
Ihe much publicized aerial catch of
the XIV capsule earned C-119 aircraft
commander Captain Mitchell and his
entire crew Primus Club honors. Colonel
Alvan N. Moore, 6594th Test Wing
commander, also hecame a charter
member of the club for his part in di-
recting aerial recovery operations.
Members of Captain Mitchell's “Peli-
can Nine” crew included Capt. Rich-
mond A. Apaka, co-pilot; bt. Robert
Gi. Counts, navigator, TSet. Louis F
Bannick SSet. Alagaene Harmon, SSst,
Arthur P. Hurst, SSgt. Wendell King,

~~

a

Captain Joseph Kittinger starts the long-
est first step ever recorded, 102,800
feet. The captain’s record breaking
parachute descent earned him charter

membership in the Aerospace Primus
Club,

AIC George W. Donahou, A2C Lester
L. Beale and A2C Daniel R. Hill.

Catch of the Discoverer capsule—
ejected over Alaska on the satellite's
17th Polar orbit—was accomplished at
an altitude of 8,500 feet. Captain
Mitchell sighted the capsule parachute
dead ahead of his aircraft at an altitude
of about 16,000 feet.

A total of about 10 minutes were
available to make the catch within the
limits of the aircraft's operational alti-
tude. The first attempt missed by a
heart breaking six inches.

A second attenipt, hastily executed,
missed by as much as two or three feet.
But, the third time was a charm and
luckily so. Two decks of scattered
clouds at about 7,000 feet could have
made a fourth pass impractical

Four of the remaining five Primus
Club members were presented member-
ship plaques as recently as June of this
year. They were recognized by General
Schriever in ceremonies at the Aero-
space Medical Division, headquartered
at Brooks APB, Tex.

Three of the new members honored
at AMD, TSet. Lenote M. Viesre and
SSats Willtum V. Vargas an Ray I:
McClure, are members of Air Rescue
Service. They were selected for club
membership on the basis of being the
first pararescue scuba team to recover
a space capsule.

Shortly ufter ine Discover 4 XV
capsule pluarnected into the P
Oceu 1, On Furr | I i tik tf \ ‘5

Fe a ten ik j i
sc.s4 R 0 R 1}

eyseils aa riftecl 3 nto u dotel \-

a wm C 4) we.St WE

» their hater

\? Club eihity. of
j C

Majer
Air
KE. Ue

asiron

sergeul
warm
O'Don
and Gs
Air Re
Alsc
TSgt.

comm

*. ’ + *h«
\ wis

Sergea
AFSC
was bx

Serzg
from a
tude o
535 m
first A
operati
recoun

T he
cently
bershiy
som of
yet be
plaque

Capt
Force 1

s

;
cct Me
stone 1
atop s
an oltit
flight k
The
Atlanti
CGrissor

wWweieos<
eran
.

ber.
Astr

Mutor

bus

aM arae

Daas

Ou Aug. 12, Major White set a new
tude record in the X-15 and an Ar
‘ace developed Thor boosted the
ASA cammunications balloon, Echo.
ito orbit.

On August 16, Capt. Joseph W. Kit-
iver, Jr., performed a record breaking
rrachute jump for which he received
s second Distinguished Flying Cross.
he next day, a Bomare missile sought
it and destroyed a QB-47 drone air-
rat,

The period of unprecedented success
iched a climax on Aug. 19 when
ipt. Harold E. Mitchell’s C-119 crew
vide the first successful uerial catch

an object returning from space, the
scoverer XIV capsule.

in addition to Major White, the peo-

Closely associated with the space

‘ule serial recovery and Captain
.ittinger were scleeted as charter mem-
ers of the Aerospace Primus Club.

General Schriever personally praised

e individuals singted cut and pre-
nted them with inscriced plagues on
ig, 26, 1960.

The feat which brought Primus Club
embership to Captain Aittinger started
ith a first step that was followed by a
02.800 foot descent to earth. Stepping
om the open gendo'’a of a balloon
igh above the New Mexico desert, the
lucky captain free-fei] £5,300 feet be-
re his parachute operec During the
ree-fall period, 4 minutes 38 seconds,

reached a speed of 614 mph.

Captain Kittinger received his first
JFC in 1957 when he rose to an alti-

le of 96,000 feet in an enclosed bal-

\stronaut wings represent flight af alti-
edes of 50 miles or more. Major
tobert M. White became the fifth man
» receive such wings in Pentagon con-
Jucted ceremonies.

Sorth American test pilot Scott
beside the Collier ‘1 rophy
contributions to aviation. Nays

vutkher (nut shown) were also

THoOLe

loon gondola. His 1960 parachute
descent shattered a jump and free-fall
record he had established in November
1959. For that accomplishment, he was
nwarded the 1959 Harmon Trophy.
The much publicized aerial catch of
the XIV capsule carned C-119 aircraft
commander Captain Mitchell and his
entire crew Primus Club honors. Colonel
Alvan N. Moore, 6594th Test Wing
commander, also became 2 c!
member of the club for his part
recting weria! recovery operations,
Members of Captain Mitchell's “Peli-
can Nine” crew included Capt. Rich-
mond A. Apaka, co-pilot; Lt. Robert
G. Counts, navigator; TSet. Louis F.
Bannick SSegt. Alagaene Harmon, SSgt.
Arthur P. Hurst, SSgt. Wendell King,

ere

Captain Joseph Niltinger starts the long-
est first step ever recorded, 102,800
feet. The captain’s record breaking
parachute descent earned him charter

membership in the Aerospace Primus
Club.

AIC George W. Donahou, A2C Lester
L. Beale and A2C Daniel R. Hill.

Catch of the Discoverer capsule—
ejected over Alaska on the satellite's
17th Polar orbit—was accomplished at
an altitude of 8,500 feet. Cuptain
Mitchell sighted the capsule parachute
dead ahead of his aircraft at an altitude
of about 16,000 feet.

A total of about 10 minutes were
available to make the catch within the
limits of the aircralt’s operational alti-
tude, The first attempt missed by a
heart breaking six inches.

A second attempt, hastily executed,
missed by as much as two or three [cet.
But, the third time was a charm and
luckily so. Two decks of scattered
clouds at about 7,000 feet could have
made a fourth pass impractical.

Four of the remaining five Primus
Club members were presented member-
ship plaques as recently as June of this
year. They were recognized by General
Schriever in ceremonies at the Acro-
space Medical Division, headquartered
at Brooks AFB, Tex.

Three of the new members honored
at AMD, TSet. Lenote M, Vigare and
SSets. William V. Vargas and Ray E.
McClure, are members of Air Rescue
Service. They were selected for club
membership on the basis of being the
first pararescue scuba team to recover
a space capsule.

on tly after the Discoverer XXV
Cif sule plums ‘ftedd info th will
Ocean. on June !8. 1961 the three ARS
scuba «divers parachuted to i rou oF
Si * $1 iy er teey [2 ; Rie

' ’

psc the
shaped life raft ond prepared to spend
lone nieht of

: ' +] : ‘ : Wise
1s) tt tha it a ' i i ‘ i) ai

; | ! }
Vrime ; i trity ’ is(*y -) ine ¢

Major und Mes. Robert M. White and
Ate Force Chief of Stotf Gen. Curtis
BE. LeMay chat informally offer the
ustronaut wing pinning ceremony.
Sergeants received Air Medals and the
warm congratulations of Gen, Emmet
O'Donnell Jr., CIC Pacitic Air Forces,
and Brig. Gen. Joseph A. Cunningham,
Air Rescue Service commander.

Also recognized at AMD ceremonies,
TSgt. James A. Howell was the only
command member among those recently
selected. General Schriever presented
Sergeant Howeil’s club pluque at an
AFSC Conmmanders Conference which
was being conducted at AMD.

Sergeant Howell made a seat ejection
from an F-106 aircraft flying at an alti-
tude of 22,000 feet and at a speed of
535 mph on June 6, 1961. He was the
first Air Force member to perform this
operation. In addition to Primus Club
recognition the feat earned him a DFC,

The fifth and final man of those re-
cently selected for Primus Club mem-
bership, Air Force Capt. Virgil 1. Ciris
som of NASA's astronaut teain, has not
yet been presented the cistinctive club
plaque.

Captain Cirissom became the first Air
Force member to accomplish suborhita!
space flight on July 21, 1961. In a Proj-
ect Mercury flight boosted by a Red-
stone rocket, Captain Grisson: reached
a top speed in excess of 5,000 mph and
an altitude that nudged 117 miles. His
Night lasted 16 minutes.

The suborbital flight down AFSC's
Atlantic Missile Range qualified Captain
Grissom for the first pair of astronaut
wings awarded to an Air Force mem-
ber.

Astronaut wings recently awarded to
Major White were the second ones
awarded to an Airc Force member, To
date, five pairs of ustronaut wings have
been awarded. Major White's wings
represent a first for AFSC and for the
Acrospace Primus Club

. : 7
rararescur rire uiver f.roni lett)

SSot, Willem VY. .arvus, foet. Lenote

MI. Vigare and Sdxat. Kas hicChure
don wet sults and scuba geur sherth
ts 1 p iat - ; 4 ”
rétrieve } vey ~0\%

Patrick AFB Solves Problem

Of Holiday Road Hazards

Each year during Labor Day week-
end 4“ staggering number of Americans
become accident fatalities as they hurry
about to have one last summer fling.

Whether it's a trip to the beach for
swimming or fishing. or a visit to rela-
tives several hundred miles away, most
families use the highways to some ex-
tent during the weekend

The increased traffic, fatigued drivers
who try to travel too far and the holi-
Way spirit all add up to a deadly week-
en. Statistics prove the statement.

Last year concerned officials at Air
Force Missile Test Center came up with
a plin to give assigned personnel an
Ay Celebrate the long
the dangers

Opportunity to re:
weekend without riskiag
OF eXtereive trave
A Labor Day sports festival was con-
ducted with competitions in fishing,
Ping-pong. tennis, horseshoes, swim-
mitng, diving. pram racing, bowling,
golf, basebail. softball, and
Pic cating,
ccording tc Col. Henry Dittman.
Patrick AFB commander, the

even

Ves,

Rocke? Club Announces
Annuci Essay Competition

The Nationa! Rocket Club has an-
nounced f# is sponsoring an annual na-
tiona’ essay competition on the his-
torical develonment of rocketry and
astro "Sos. The competition is called

.
the Dr. Robert H, Goddard Historice!?

in honor of the

Tt: , "
g= > 6b) Lo bee On,
famous Amecican rocket pioneer,
The essay competition is the firs:

;
project of the National Rocket Ciuh’s
the History of Rocketr:
according to the
competi-

tion devoted to historical affairs in the
r -

ers of the cx
judges for the conte:
Submitted essays may treat with any
significant aspect of the historical de-
vel Ns nt of fr: 4 ind astrona if1Cs,
> = | a 6hOU '
Originaints ee he ad
bring new in-

¥ Cast € new or

Will be judge
scholarship,

format if

and

ditferent Ligh: events or ind:
vidual: influenci rocxet technology
in the ULS

The Rocket Clu} sid cssays should
be submitted by Nov. 1, 1962. to the
“Goddard Historical Essay Competi-
tion,” National Rocket Club, Suite 32

1745 KN Street, N.W., Vashington 6,
[>, ¢ Winner of the competition wil!
be innounced at the Ro! rt H.

Croc
card Memorial Dinner on March 15.
1963, and a prize of $200 and

propriate trophy will be awarded.

an ap-

Graduation Time

Co wemMent Nercises for th
’ ‘ “ ;* nf 4
i ; ‘ \ i ‘
Miser ve} 1 AER

| L ) |
‘ ' | Mme i , | LL | j ’
! { ’ Ma Tie teres &.

' ial interns ria ! ned 1 in
t ) lo Compicte trun

tL aekland eat

th !
’

could only be classified as an outstand-
ing success, More than 5,500 partici-
pated in the wide range of events.

During the long weekend, not a
single traffic accident involving AFMTC
personnel was reported and there were
no injuries of any type.

he

One of the Labor Day weekend hig
lights was the “Junior Miss Beauty
Contest.” Eileen Cassidy, daughter of
SVSet. Paul C, Cassidy, took top
honors in that event,

AFMIC Donates Surplus

To Florida Schools

More than a million dollars worth of
electronic and related electrical equip-
ment was recently donated to Florida
educational institutions by the Air Force
Missile Test Cente

Schools, colleges and
all parts of the
from the $1,163,000 worth of sy plus
property, most of which is carmarked
for classroom and luborat ry Work

UnJer a program directed by the De-

Universities

} nm ‘Til “

from state

; , .
partment of Health, Education and
We » Wiec f ~f ' Sti rit . rey} ry

’
, cyuir hy cet
for educational use \W } yy pro
;

' ' . °

cri or ; a Had i Hick

re notified
The Surplus Property Division of the
' i

Florida Development Commission co
. et ‘ ’ ° / ; - ‘ »
ordinated with APM’ tribution
! ‘ ; y wy 7 ¢ ‘ t Fae
Marancting % Mon to oOutms rr
Huge donation at Parr Ars

a

- ee ae - ee ae

A water skiing show featured some of the h:

by both young and old spectalors, Mukiny
(from left) Jack Rowland, SSet. Ed D

Penny Witt and Mary Pat Eschenbach,

uly,

A father-son golf tournament held the interest
Ready to tee off are (from left) Lt. Col. P. S,
J. M. Dunn and son, Mick; TSet, R. I. Bro
J. T, Holley and son, Jim,

13 fF the

Hier, econd

me contest, Captain W, S, Herrington
top fiiree contest inks. | hres

unl Douvlas Grane. this

most enjoved events—!{)s Specta

,

ire tion

's Drooiem

7
:

| Hazards

ily be classified as an outstand-
cess. More than 5,500 partici-
the wide range of events.

ig the long weekend, not a
rafic accident involving AFMTC
cl was reported and there were
fies Of any type.

f the Labor Day weekend high-
wus the “Junior Miss Beauty
1.” Eileen Cassidy, daughter of
nt. Panl C, Cassidy, took top
S in that event,

_—- ste
oi wit

ae

ATC Donate

- .
fo Florida Schools
- than a million dollars worth of
vic and related clectrical equip-
is recently donated to Florida
nal institutions by the Ai Force
Test Center
ols, coll reets and universities
! parts of the state benefited
ie $1,163,000 worth of surplus
most of which is carmarked
room and laboratory work,
f a program directed by the De-
of Health, Education and

: Federal surplus property

’

' » ¥e " F phases
UT pi 1% Prey ri’ Di mion ) th}

Develop rent ¢ OMMNISSION CO
t with AFAITC's redistribution
etre tion to obtain th

Pyett eb

by both young and old spectalors. Nioking up the base of the pyramid
(from left) Jack Kowland, SSet. Ed Daly, und Jeff North.

At top
Penny Witt and Mary Pat Eschenbach.

A father-son golf tournament held the interest of many players and spectators.
Ready to tee off are (from left) Lt. Col. P. S. Fisnnagan and son, Billy; Maj.
J. M. Dunn and son, Mick; TSaet. R. J. Brodmana and Bob Forter; Li, Col.
J. T. Hoiley and son, Jim.

Spans te on
eee ae te geet ata
ie ’ = a re ‘ ‘ rf
ne
One of the most cnjoyed events—-by
Captain W. 5S,

’ : g x“

oth ets Gey, SO

. .
v iting contest iferringiona, j' ihe [

toy) tinree cr
Doaelas

second: (-rant,

OPERATIONS

Man's Pressurability Tested

In Sealed Capsule Experiments

What is the optimum atmospheric
composition and pressure for a variety
of space flight mission profiles?

That question and others concerning
man’s respiratory intake and emission
are under careful study in an environ-
mental test cell in the Respiration Sec-
tion of the 6570th Aerospace Medical
Research Laboratories at Wright-Pat-
terson Air Force Base.

The cell is a fabric structure built for
AMRL by Goodyear Aircraft Corpora-
2: Seven feet ‘n diameter and 12
fect long, it is enclosed in a large pres-
sure chamber which simulates various
educed pressures. The
850-pound cell was constructed under
a contract with the Air Force agency.

Tests, in which one or two men are
placed in the cell to undergo extensive
metabolic and respiratory studies, last
from two weeks to a month.

Scientists are seeking to learn wis
optimum gaseous atmosphere necessary
to keep astronsuts and equipment
Operating efficiently and reliably during
Project Apollo aod other space mis-
sions, AMRL said. Prime areas of study
deal with the p oaithte variation of the
guseous environment with respect to
the Iength of the trip or to effect a
reduction in tem complexity with
subsequent Sse roversai of reliability.

During testing, both chambers are
pressurized to prescribed points. The

om -

air 1 1OSpP: seule

.

Fechoical Sergeant Robert Daniels of
the revpiration§ section, Acrospace
Medical Research Laboratories, takes
his own blood oressure while under-

yuna atmospheric and pressure experi-

ments inside a space environment test
coll, \i rarce subj “ts ore sealed
inside the cell for periods ranging from
iwa 4 ks to one month. The project

is inten ith in-
mon the maxhnum atmospherk
diiions a man could
Withstand during space flight,

led to provide selentists +
foraialh

ena pressure

test cell differs only one-half pound of
pressure per square inch from the
chamber pressure, but could withstand
differentials up to five psi, Goodyear
Aircraft engineers said.

A 36-inch window in one end of the
cell is used from without and within.
The window is used by scientists to
study reactions of the test subject and
by those inside to watch television.

Because of the composition of certain
test atmospheres, a television set can-
not be installed inside the cell, but is
Wheeled up to the window when the
test subjects wish to watch it.

Fabricated at GAC’'s plant in Arizona,
the cell was designed and assembled at
the main plant in Akron, Ohio.

Bet ete ae aie

a,

Saad, ef”

_

AF Academy To Get

Basic Research Lab

The Air Force will activate a basic
research laboratory at the Air Force
Academy near Colorado Springs, Colo.
on Oct. |. The under the
supervision of the Air Force Office of
Acrospuce Research, will be the first
such facility to be established at a serv-
ice ace idemy.

The nev

labo: atory,

¥ laboratory will serve a dual
purpose. It will increase in-service
capability to conduct necessary basic
research programs and will provide a
incans for selected members of the
Academy's faculty and outstanding
cadets to collaborate with OAR scien-
tists in actual research programs of in-
terest to the Air Force.

Of the 13} members of the Acad-
emy’s science faculty, 21 per cent hold
doctorates and the other 70 per cent
have master’s degrees. Twelve per cent
of the latter have completed their doc-
toral course requirements. (AFNS)

Airman Third Class Frank Rhoski, a meniber of the respiration section at
the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, prepares to close the zippered
end of the space cell prior to a test. Airman Rhoski maintains two-way com-
munications with subjects sealed inside the cell.

AMD Engineer Earns
Special Acts Award

A Yellow Springs engineer, Robert
G. Cameron, assigned to the Aerospace
Medical Division's Aerospace Medical
Research Laboratories was recently

resented a special act award for work
resulting in savings to the government
to $10,494.

The citation cafries a cash award of
$515.

Cameron, an engineer in the training
research branch of the Behavorial Sci-
ences Laboratory, worked evenings and
Weekends, without pay, to place in
operation quickly a facility for visual
simulation techniqnes,

When difficulties arose in negoti: ting
a contract for electrical circuitry for th
in-house research program, Cameron
tackled the job himsclf. The visual
simulation techniques program involved
a standard Air Force

consisting primary of a closed loop

HUNTS it inner.

television ss fein nd relative poston
unulog wept l of toh Was
Stened on! ra complete Uieht simulta
{oy

Cameron valyz volumes f ut
ind d rane na fabri ! ) pl "
c by tity so wey } ! 1 mit

many components. He then installed,
calibrated and placed the facility in
operation.

Martin-Denyer Gets

Algae Research Joh

The Air Force has awarded the Mar-
tin Company’s Denver Division a $41.-
499 contract to design und test an
experimental prototype of an
filled device which someday would
produce an oxygen to sustain astronauts
on prolonged space flights.

Acrosp:; ice Medical Division's Sc thool
of Acrospace Medicine at Brooks AFB,

ale ic-

Tex., is sponsoring ugency for the
study.
The contract provides for the acro-

space division of the Martin Marie tta
Corporation to conduct 1
SHY EO ened

ceveior fabricate, fun
deliver a c
photosynt!

irch. desi yn,
tionally test and
mplcic solar ilhuminated

tic OXygenator to the Air

i
Force by the end of the year.
\\y vel ft ! thy, Dr, {2 1)
Cra d, ch ‘ “I Denver hf
! ect 1) Cauttord 4 gf
hast r with the Aret Acromedi
cal Luboratery on project called
POISE hotosynt t Ox, en ") "
humiinated t lar | rey. The p;
cK Pik ‘ ! PO! t| , 1 ext

AS

a=?
oe

A tt
pheno
neers fh
to the |
Sani,
ment ¢

Expl
sulted
tenant ¢
the lute
held ut
ington
ers in

meeuig
States >
nations
Institute
Lieut
in RAI
tory, pl
Vestigat
Radiow
Terrain
His I
highly
propag:
served
troposp
Cornell
Non
posed
tion—c
energy
particu
search
therefo
The
sorship
Researc
was un
while v
degree

d
well Ie
carly :
Cu ts }
pleted
Labora
. roh
speech

N hj
sic ‘s
pro A
f " i
oro

A

’
+
rea ti
(hic ;
(]

1 }

tu

Nie

r raf
eh ft}

+

/

lity Tested
Experiments

cell differs only one-half pound of
sure per square inch from the
her pressure, but could withstand
rentials up to five pst, Goodyear
raft engincers satd.

36-inch window in one end of the
is used’ from without and within.
window is used by scientists to
'y reactions of the test subject and
hose taside to watch television.
‘cause of the composition of certa

mospheres, a television set can-
be installed inside the cell, but is
ted up to the window when the
ubjects wish to watch it

ricated at GAC’s piant in Arizona,
-ol} was desiened and assembled at

nvain plant in Akron, Ohio

AF Academy To Get
Basic Research Lab

The Air Force will activate a basic
research laboratory at the Air Force
Academy near Colorado Springs, Colo.
on Oct. 1. The laboratory, under the
supervision of the Air Force Oflice of
Acrospace Rese arch, will be the first
such facility to be established at a serv-
ice academy.

The new laboratory will serve a dual
purpose. It will increase in-service
capability to conduct necessary basic
research programs and will provide a
means for selected members of the
Academy's faculty and outstanding
cadets to collaborate with OAK scien-
tists in actual research programs of in-
terest to the Air Force

Of the 131 members of the Acad-
emy’s science faculty, 21 per cent hold
doctorates and the other 70 per cent
have master’s degrees. Twelve per cent
of the latter have completed their doc-
toral course requirements. (AF NS)

Atrman ‘Third Class Frank Rhoski, a member of the respiration section at
the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, prepares to close the zippered
od of the space cell prior to a test. Airman Rhoski maintains dvoeway com-

munications with subjects sealed inside the cell.

AMD Engineer Earns
Special Acts Award
4 Yellow Springs engineer,

Robert
Cameron, assigned io the Acrospace

sdical Division's Aerospace Medical
irch Laboratories “ 6 yecently
ented a special act awerc for work
iting in savings to the rovernment

| ) 494.

he citation catries a cash asard of
is.
meron, an engineer in the training
earch branch of the Behavoria! Sci-
Laboratory, worked evenings and
kends, without pay, to place in
ratiaa quickly a facility for visual
Hhation teciiqucs.
Vhen difficulties arose in negotiating
tract for electrical circuitry for the
ouse research program, Cameron
led the job himself. The visual
lation techniques program involved
ndard Air Force gunnery trainer,

’
ne pri ly of a closed loop
et
mhon mo all Feat " i !
¢ mutter iff of which de
I : ly it} ith} Ic ith ht i! ilu

neron analyzed volumes of dita
fabricated complete
1, syst yrK }} sh would permit usv’
Uespile omission of

components. He then installed,
and placed the facility in

many
calibrated

operation
wee On.

Martin-Denver Gets

wise Research Job

The Air Force has awarded the Mar-
tin Company’s Denver Division a $41,-
499 contrac t to design and test an
experimental prototype of an algue-
filled device which someday would
produce an oxygen to sustain astronauts
on obo space flights.

Aerospace Medical Division's School

€ Acrosp: ice Medicine at Brooks AFB,
Tex.. is sponsoring agency for the
study

The contract provides for the aero-
space division of the Martin Marietta
Corporation to conduct research, design,
develop, fabricate, functionally test and
deliver a complete solar illuminated

photosynthetic oxygenator to the Air
Force by the end of the year
Work will | i} Rp
{; tek ¢ ‘ Uttiet? [<
sciences section. Dy valford thed
Inst 8 mer with e Acti \ } ff
cal Laboratory on a project led
E—Photesyothetic Ox, tron 2
luminuted by Solar Enerey, The 5 ni
contract, culled POISE 1], ry exten

sion of that work

RADC Man Gives
New Solution For
Radio Puzzler

A trans-horizon radio propagation
phenomena that hes puzzled radio engi-
neers has fin: alls be en explained, thanks
to the research of Lt. Richard P. Cus-

sam, assigned with Rome Air Develop-
ment Center at Griffiss AFB, N. Y.

Explanation of the phenomena re-
sulted from a paper presented by Licu-
tenant Cassam at the spring meeting of
the International Scientific Radio Union,

held at Georgetown University, Wash-
ington, D. C. Attended by world leac-
ers in the radio field, the scientific

meeting was sponsored by the United
States National Committee of the Inter-
national Scientific Radio Union and the
Institute of Radio Engineers.

Lieutenant Cassam, a project office
in RADC’s Electronic Warfare Labora-
tory, presented a paper titled “An In-
vestigation of Anomalous Trans-horizon
Radiowave Propagation Over Irregular
Terrain.”

His paper covered investigation of the
highly irregular trans-horizon radio
propagation phenomena which was ob-
served for the past two years during
tropospheric scatter experiments held at
Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.

None of the theories previously pro-
posed to explain anomalous propaga-
tion—or irregular extending of radio
energy waves—were able to explain this
particular phenomena, Additional re-
search and experiments were necessary,
therefore, to solve this perplexity.

The necessary research, under spon-
sorship of the Air Force Cumbridge
Research Laboratory at Bedford, Mass.,
was undertaken by Licutenant Cassam
while working on his mester of
degree at Cornel! U: jiversity.

:
science

Cancer Detection

Seen As By-Product OF

Research In Human Speech

A diagnostic oo which may
well lead to the effective detection of
early stages of cancer of the vocal
cords has evolved from a recently

ed Air
Laboratories pilot study involving re-
search into the anatomy of human
specch,

While

sician s§ mterna! inroat exXaminat:

corn.

Force Cam rid ‘re Re: irch

not a replacement for a phy-
n, the

procedure may serve as a screening test
for pathol gic il conditions INWOTVITE
growths of the larynx

A patient would merely record his
voice, using an ordinary re: o phone,
reacling Ward phrases

= 7 | . ‘ ; >
tine speccn Wave forny I \ lech ni jue 5
:

developed by AFCRIL scientist Philip
[jel , , Ty ee 8 | bein
tei :

tures wauld sound r this
i it i ’

re te wer “ wh ol j «
recorded voices of “ ! .
with ' » < D '
‘ On \ r
Cer AWYivch i)

es ©

uily Tested
Experiments

»~

cell differs only one-half pound of
sure. oper square inch from the
thor pressure, but could withstand
rentials up to five psi, Goodyear
raft engineers said.

36-inch window in one end of the
is used’ from without and within.
window is used by scientists to
'v reactions of the test subject and
hose inside to watch television.
‘cause of the composition of certain
stmospheres, a television set can-
be installed inside the cell, but is
ted up to the window when the
ubjeets wish to watch ic.

wricated at GAC’s piant in Arizona,
soli was desiened and assembled at
main plant in Akron, Obto.

AMD Engineer Earns
Special Acts Award

\ Yellow Springs engineer, Robert
Cameron, assigned io the Asrospace
sdical Division's Aerostace Medical

earch Laboratories was recently
ented a special uct awerc for work
f: ulting in savings to the rovermment

10,494,
he citation cafries a cash award of
15.
meron, an engincer in the training
earch branch of the Behavoria! Sci-
. Laboratory, worked evenings and
kends, without pay, to place in
ration quickly a facility for visual
Hation tecitiques,
Vhen dilficuities arose in negotiating
mtract for electrical circuitry for the
muse research program, Cameron
‘ed the job himself. The visual
ilation techniques program involved
miard Air Porce Gunnery tT iner.

** ’
Tinks pereerarils of a el wn! Joon
‘inion svstem and celative position
F COMI Te Ps, +) of whi h WWris de

! only her i iF ) te {lj rhe ae ila

meron analyzed volumes of data
esi ined and tubricated Corn ilety
1g Systems Which sould permit use

we equi despite omission of

—_—
P
<

Academy To Get
Basic Research Lab

The Air Force will activate a basic
reseurch laboratory at the Air Force
Academy near Colorado Springs, Colo,
on Oct. 1. The laboratory, under the
supervision of the Air Force Office of
Aerospace Research, will be the first
such facility to be estaMished at a serv-
ice academy.

The new laboratory will serve a dual
purpose. It will increase in-service
capability to conduct necessary basic
research programs and will provide a
means for selected members of the
Academy's faculty and outstanding
cadets to collaborate with OAR scien-
tists in actual research programs of in-
terest to the Air Force

Of the 131 members of the Acad-
emy’s science faculty, 21 per cent hold
doctorates and the other 70 per cent
have master’s degrees. Twelve per cent
of the latter have completed their doc-
toral course requirements. (AFNS)

Atrman ‘Third Class Frank Rhoski, a member of the respiration section at
ihe Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, prepares fo close the zippered
end of the space cell prior to a test. Airman Rhoski maintains bve-way com-
munications with subjects sealed inside the ceil.

many components. He thon installed,
calibrated and placed the facility in
operation.

Martin-Denver Gets
Algae Research Job

The Air Force has awarded the Mar-
tin Company's Denver Division a $41,-
499 contract to design and test an
experimental prototype of an algae-
filled device which someday would
produce an oxygen to sustain astronauts
on prolonged space flights.

Aerospace Medical Division's School
of Ac rospace Medicing at Brooks AFB,
Tex., is sponsoring agency for the
study.

The contract provides for the aero-
space division of the Martin Marietta
Corporation to conduct research, design,
develop, fabricate, functionally test and
deliver a complete solar illuminated
photosynthetic ox<yeenator to the Air
Force by the end of the year

ir ’ "er

Work will be supervised by Dr. R, D
Giitioid, chitet of Moartin-D *« hile
sciences section 1); Cialto | ', ' { ed

last summer With the Arctic Aeromed
cal : aboratery on a project called
POTS bk. —Photosynthetic Oxyeernstion H-
luminuted by Solar Eneray, The present
contract, culled POISE [1], is an exten-
sion of that work

RADC Man Gives
New Solution For
Radio Puzzler

A trans-horizon = radio
prenomens that has puzzled radto engi-
neers has finally been explained, thanks
to the research: of Lt. Richard P. Cas-
sam, assigned with Rome Air Develop-
ment Center at Griffiss AFB, N. Y,

Explanation of the phenomens re-
sulted from a paper presented by Licu-
tenant Cassam at the spring meeting of
the International Scientific Radio Union,
held at Georgetown University, Wash-
ington, D. C. Attended by world lead
ers in the radio field, the scientific
meeting was sponsored by the United
Stutes National Committee of the Inter-
national Scientific Radio Union and the
Institute of Radio Engineers.

Licutenant Cassam, a project officer
in RADC’s Electronic Warfare Labora-
tory, presented a paper titled “An In-
vestigation of Anomalous Trans-hovizon
Radiowave Propagation Over Irregular
Terrain.”

His paper covered investigation of the
highly irregular trans-horizon radio
propagation phenomena which was ob-
served for the past two years during
tropospheric scatter experiments held at
Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.

None of the theories previously pro-
posed to explain anomalous propaga-
tion—or irregular extending of radio
energy waves—were able to explain this
particular phenomena, Additional re-
search and experiments were necessary,
therefore, to solve this perplexity.

The necessary research, under spon-
sorship of the Air Force Cambridge
Research Laboratory at Bedford, Muss.,
was undertaken by Licutenant Cassam
while working on his master of science
degree at Cornell University.

ropagation

Cancer Detection
een As By-Product OF
Research In Humon Speech

A diagnostic technique which may
well lead to the effective detection of
carly stages is cancer of the vocal
cords has evolved from a recently com-
pleted Air Botte Cambridge Research
rh oem i pilot study involving re-

earch into the anatomy of human

eieack:

While not 2 replacernent for a phy-
sician’s internal throat examination, the
procedure may serve as a screening test
for pathological conditions involving
growths of the larynx,

A patient would merely recerd his
voice, using an ordinary microphone,
reading standard phrases. Analysis of
the specch wave form, by techniques

developed by APCRIL scientist Philip

Licberma: world turn up certain
ci terisu ret? i ‘ ! if
tures svould sound 2 ar > this
' ul il is in

Tc mS We Mad N71 vo! au -
re a dea vA ‘ ot ,? s 4 | i ma | ‘ il
VW thy ’ ra rT ’¢ 1) ' f
on ot i! \ } 4} }; |

;

Great Pains Taken To Prep
Man-Orditing Atlas Boosters

When Cdr. Walter M. Schirra lifts

off on a six-orbit space flight, sched-
uled for next month, his Project

Mercury capsule will be boosted by a
system that has withstood an Air Force
shakedown, thorough and exhaustive to
the Jimits of human and _ electronic
capability.

Such a shakedown is necessary to
provide maximum reliability in boosters
used for the National Aeronautic and
Space Administration's manned space
flight program.

Every item among the multi-thousand
components that make an Atlas func-
tion is checked, tested, retested, and
checked again. The some 100 “key”
components—those which, by a single
failure, could jeoperdize the mission
and the safety of the astronaut—are
specially selected, specially handled, and
examined before the unique Mercury
seal is ap plied.

It’s a safe bet that an
wearing the Mercury decal has earned
that label. it's equally certain that the
US astronaut who gets a 360,000-pound
thrust into orbit can depend on the ma-
Chine that generates and controls that
power to be as totally reliable as possi-
ble.

A conscientious, painstaking Air
Force-contractor team sees to that and
the Space Systems Division program
citice underwrites the guarantee.

The man behind the desk behind the
Aties boosters for the Mercury program
is Lt. Col. Robert H. Brundin, a West

Atlas rocket

Pointe 1 veteran of B-52 and Hound
Dog research and development.
“The Atlas wasn't designed to boost

he says. “To gain the reliabil-
ity we WOUIG | jemand in an aircraft sys-
tem, ‘for example, we'd have to go back
and redesign the Atlas, do a lot more
testing, and probably provide for more
redundancy throughout the system.

There hasn’t been time for any of that.
to stay with the existing
as closely as pos-

“We chose
Atlas configuration

“a
were -

a. .

Fla.. “Maj. Charles L. Gandy Jr. and

iunch plans for

ee ee eee ee ee
-

American astronauts know that the
Atlas koosters used to push them into
orbit are as nearly perfect as human
elfort can make them. An Atlas ear-
marked for use in the Project Mercury
program becomes a special bird and
receives exhaustive series of tests from
Air Force professionals.

sible,” Colonel Brundin points out.
“That way, we could take advantage of
the testing already done to prove the
Atlas as an ICBM.”

Intensive and extensive as ICBM test-
ing has been, it hasn't measured up to
Mercury requirements—or to the Air
Force's satisfaction. A Mercury Atlas
not only takes twice as many man hours
to fabricate as an R&D or operational
missile, it also gets more than three
times the normal checkout time and
attention.

Broadly speaking, the care lavished
on Mercury boosters averages 60 to 90
days of nit-picking scrutiny. An ordin-
ary Atlas, by comparison, undergoes
about 20 days of tests.

Routed to Cape Canaveral, the
Mercury-destined Atlas goes through
several weeks more of two and three
shift testing operations on the pad.

Blue suiters in the SSD Mercury di-
rectorate admit that oh re is a limit to
the degree of reliability that can be at-
tained in a system as complex as the
Atlas. Random failure, for example, is
a constant threat.

secause a margin between practical
reliability and absolute reliability does
exist, Air Force officers and contractors
managing the booster portions of u

+ ~ ,
Mercury program have come up with

wh)

lt. it arent O }? ' Nut TRUUDIIGY tis ts

AFSWC Scouting Group, S

To Sponsor Aerospace

Three hundred outstanding New
Mexico high school science and math
students have a better und rae of
AFSC’s educational requirements for
the aerospace age, thanks “ the Air
Force Special Weapons Center.

Coming from cities and villages
throughout the state which was the

birthplace of nuclear weapons  tech-
nology, the teenagers spent three days
with AFSWC scientists and engineers
in Albuquerque during Armed Forces

Week. They were the guests of the Cen-
ter and Boy Scout Explorer Science

Post 91, co-sponsors of the first Acro-
space Education Conference.

thousands of tests, I would say we
bettered that objective.”

The abort sensing system is designed
to safeguard the astronaut in the event
anything malfunctions during povered
flight. When trouble is detected, AS-IS
activates mechanisms that separate the
spacecraft from the booster and para-
chutes the pilot to safety.

The system got an actual baptism by
fire during an early Mercury shot when
although no man was aboard, the cap-
sule was saved from damage when the
Atlas malfunctioned and had to be
destroyed. The capsule survived and
was subsequently reflown.

At Cape Canaveral, birdwatchers of
the Air Force's 655Sth Acrospace Test

Wing stay with the Atlas and, along
with the contractor representatives on
hand, oversee the batteries of tests con-
ducted on the site. Colone! Brundin’s
Florida counterpart, Lt. Col. Robert R.
Hull, takes charge of the blockhouse
and is launch director for the count-
down.

But with all the tests and the unrelax-
ing accent on safety, an Atlas booster is
never ignited in support of Mercury
until an Air Force Flight Safety Review
Board, chaired by a senior officer, has
reviewed all the problems and actions
pertinent to that booster and subse-
quently certified that it is ready to put a
man into orbit.

have

phed with Astronauts John
Complex 4. the froup
and durii

edu

TI
note
chief
spoct
engit
futur
toda’

cil
mori

F<
ald
Devi
disc
Go
tors
tists
prog

196)
dent
in sc

Tl
oft b
Gen
com):
signe
Germ
tion
to |
Care:

St
tend
jects
com)
of #
semi
Wea
men
held
don;
Mus

Li
devc
disp]

Id
with
gant:
by /
inch

pa ro
scho
Fore

entation systen ye the preparation for the MA-7
Force park we D. R, Hor nhaiser, Mj. 2 ea Young, Ir.,

‘Wi! j 5 Parrish, Capt. J. S. Deutsch, Capt, T. A. G:
ith its Atrora cent reliability in this system,” ¢ Front row; Maj. J, R. Mullady, Lt. Co). J
- cupsule aboard Brundin says On the basi lieralls Hull, Lt. Conds, Scott Carpenter and ¢ apt, 2

ee

‘ the fieht of Astronaut Scott Carpeater.
: ckground is ine

KR» .
thre Vin sp ace way Fer ¥¥

guniry housing

st can ninke them.
rked for use in the Pr

i. 9
c.

on To Prep
‘as Boosters

American

astronauts know that the
\tlas boosters used to push them into
“Sit are as nearly perfect as human

Ag Atlas cure
olect Mercury

“ram becomes a special bird and
‘ives exhaustive series of tests from
jr Force professionals.

Colonel!

Brundin

points out.

That way, we could take advantage of

testing already done to

\Uas as an ICBM.”
Intensive and extensive as ICBM test-

ng has been, it hasn't
‘lercury requirements—or
orce’s satisfaction.

bath

st only takes twice as mans
fabricate as an R&D or

issile,
nes the
Liention.

it also gets my

—
*

normal checkout

prove the

measured up to
to the Air
cury Atlas

man hours
operational

oo

‘ime

bei te as T8 ons t as
Broadly speaking, the care

*
"

ed

‘

a

Mercury boosters averoges
vs of nit-picking serutin

Atlas, by

comparison,

ut 20 days of tests

muted

to

Cape

Canaveral,

n three
and

vished
ro 90
rin.

ndergoes

the

srcury-destined Atlas goes through
ral weeks more of two and three

s ule
ut

ed

“Pie a, ’ ha me
testing operations on the pad.
’ ; —_ ° t
ve sulitcers tn tac

SSD Mercury di-

rate admit that there is a limit to

in «

1

‘ree of reliability that can be at-
stem as complex as i

iw
ii

is. Random failure, for example, is
nstunt threat.

sit .
eS &

ibility ¢

.
ry
i] uf

var T OF

mar

Till

between

practical

ab olute reliability docs

ifeers and

a r
MIYVLCT elere er

~

7

contractors
ws «(OT the
in * ith

i Oris
This |
; ple-
in Ar

pit ; ;
Co} nel
titerally

AFSWC Scouting Group, Siate Agencies Join

To Sponsor Aerospace Education Conference

Three hundred outstanding New
Mexico high school science and math
stadenis have a better understanding of
AFSC’s educational requirements for
the aerospace age, thanks to the Air
Force Special Weapons Center.

Coming from cities and villages
throughout the state which was the
birthplace of nuclear weapons tech-
nology, the teenagers spent three days
with AFSWC scientists and engineers
in Albuquerque during Armed Forces
Week. They were the guests of the Cen-
ter and Boy Scout Explorer Science
Post 91, co-sponsors of the first Aero-
space Education Conference.

thousands of tests, | would say we have
bettered that objective.”

The abort sensing system is designed
to safeguard the astronaut in the event
anything malfunctions during po‘vered
fiight. When trouble is detected, AS-IS
activates mechanisnis that separate the
spacecraft from the booster and para-
chutes the pilot to safety.

The system got an actual baptism by
fire during an early Mercury shot when,
although no man wus aboard, the cap-
sule was saved from damage when the
Atlas malfunctioned and had to be
destroyed. The capsule survived and
was subsequently reflown.

At Cape Canaveral, birdwatchers of
the Air Force’s 6555th Acrospuce Test
Wing vith the Atlas and, along
with the contractor representatives on
hand, oversee the batteries of tests con-
ducted on the site. Colonel Brundin’s
Florica counterpart, Lt. Col. Robert R.
Hull, takes charge of the blockhouse
and is ‘aunch director for the count-
down

But with all the tests and the unrelax-

ing accent on safety, an Atlas booster is
never ignited in support of Mercury

until an Ate Force Flight Safety Review
Board, chaired by a senior officer, has
reviewed all the problems and xctions
pertinent to that booster and subse-
quently certified that it is ready to put a
man into orbit.

Comptes i4. the group
wad ducing the preparstion for the
D. RK. Mouhaiser, Maj. J. W. Youne,
Parrish, Capt. J. S. Deutsch, Capt. 'T.
Front cow: Maj. J. R. Mullady, Lt,

1dr. Scott Carpenter an

picture ws

The conference began with a key-
note address by Dr. Knox Millsaps,
chief scientist of the Ojfice of Acro-
space Research. He called science and
engineering absolutely essential to the
future of freedom, poiating out thal
today’s work in laboratories and test
facilities will determine events of
Morrow.

to

Following Dr. Millsaps’ address, Don-
ald Male of the Arnold Engineering
Development Center, moderated a pane!
discussion titled, “1967--Where Do We
Go From Here?" New Mexico educa-
tors and Special Weapons Center scien
tists discussed research and development
programs and opportunities expected in
1967 when most of the high school stu
fents will finish school and begin work
in science, math or engincering.

The conference's iirst day was topped
off by a banquet and an address by Maj.
Gen. Charles M. McCorkle, AFSWC
commander, who since has been
signed to Fifth Air Force in Japan.
General McCorkle stressed that educa-
tion is perhaps the most important key
to the “magnificent possibilitics” of
carecrs in science and engineering.

“
ay

Students spent the second day at-
tending seminars on 34 different sub-
jects, ranging from nuclear physics to
computer programming, and on tours
of AFSWC nuclear laboratories. The
seminars were conducted by Special
Weapons Center research and develop-
ment officers. A conference dance was
held that evening, with live music
donated by the American Federation of
Musicians.

Last day of the conference was
devoted to tours of Armed Forces Day
displays.

Idea for the conference originated
with Explorer Science Post 91, an or-

ganization of teen-uge boys : !

scien
2 yS Sponsored
)

by AFSWC. Cooperating organizations
included the New Mexico public and
parochial school systems, Albuquerque
school system, Sandia Base and the Air
Force Association

is fa fter Glena'’s orbital Mehr
~~ ’ |
NMIA-7 launch, From feft, back row
jic., D. W. Wethering, Maj. D. P,
\. Coalvin, i ae Ye AY
} ® n 7 4 i! . ,
.
re ae!

a nt

- —— Se ae

MANAGEMENT

Oe a>

Second AF Symposium On Bionics
fo Be Held In Dayton Next Year

A second Air Foree-sponsored sym-
posium on bionics will be held in Day-
ton, Ohio, Mar. 19-21, 1963.

Sponsored jointy by AFSC’s Acro-

nautical Systems Division and the
Aerospace Medical Division, the three-
day meeting is expected to attract more
than 1,500 scientists and engineers
from government, industry, research
foundations and universities from
throughout the United States and
Western Europe.

More than 50 researchers will discuss
advancements in the new science since
the first ASD sponsored symposium,
held in Dayton in September, 1960.

A new area of interdisciplina ry re-
search, bionics is the science of applying
knowledge of bi fogizal functions and
systems to the solution ¢ of engineering
problems. This knowledge derived from
living orgenisms its translated into
mathematical transfer functions for use
by engineers in modeling functions of
living systems.

Understanding of these biologica
functions is expected to hasten tec

AFSCers Give Talks
At Aerospace Science.

Institute Meeting

Five members of the Acronautical
Systems Division and three from the
Aeronautical Research Laboratories pre-
sented purrs at tne national meeting of

2 Institute of the Aerospace Sciences
held in Los Angeies, Calif., receatly.

on from ASD included Donald F.
Kalk “Technica! Problems Associated
with Design of Rotating Spacecraft”;
A. M. Paulson, ds in the Ground
Support of Acrosrace Systems Using
Crvyogens”; Ralph C. Lenz Jr., “Tech-

iteon

nological Forecasting”; and Theodore
L.. Senecal and Raymond M. Sadow.
“PERT in Dyna-Soar.”

Dr. G. K. Guderley, Mrs. E. M
Valentine, and Maj. John V. Armitage
of ARI. presented a paper on “Nose

and Inlet Shapes of Mi
Supersonic Flow,’
Guest speakers tor the meeting were
Ernest K. Lindley, special assistant sec-
retary of state {Ques honor): L
Eugene Root, presice of IAS and
Lockheed Missiles anc Space Co,; Lt.
Gen. Laurence C. Craigie, USAF (Re-
tired!) vice president and deputy group
executive, American Machine and
Foundry Co: and William Littlewood,
vice president, American Airlines, Inc.
The program for the first day in-
cluded a pancl discussion on the “Role
of Government Laboratories and Nor
Their Eifect on
the Acrospace Industry.” Panel mem-
bers were Hugh L. Dryden, deputy ad-
ministrator, NASA; Najceb Halaby, ad-

imum Drag in

Pron ( orporations and

minists Wor, } AA; Allan F. nesccalgges
Sr., president. Technical Acro spa
Corp.; Mai Gen. Marvin C Dealer,
digest hanced technology. USAF:
Brig, Gaon. Chester W. Clark,. BR VND
fo Pi \diniral t.. D
) CASE hie! of naval re toch
\ Inositiest! field trip to Point
Aric } Vindenberg \I
: t] mecking Ihe tour wus
Spon ! hy the scienufi vt technical
in of APS¢

nological advancements—both for mili-
tary defense and the welfare of man in
general. Major emphasis, at present, is
on information handling, such us ac-
quisition, processing, storage and utili-
zation of data.

The Air Force called the first sym-
posium to determine where the
scientific community stood in regard to
bionics programs. The upcoming meet-
ing will deal with more specific topics.

Theme of the symposium will be
“Information Processing by Living
Organisms and Machines.” The meet-
ing will feature concepts and the struc-
ture of self-organizing systems, the
various levels of information processing
in living systems, and physical analogs
of such systems, biological and physical
sensors, and applications of these
principles and mechanisms to man’s
meeds,

Invited papers will be presented at
four technical sessions. Topics for
technical sessions will be “Sigaal Recep-
tion of Living Organisms,” “Informa-
tion Processing by Living Organisms;”
“Physical Principles of Bionics;” and
“Anplication of Bionic Concepts.” Con-
tributed papers also will be presented
in the general area of bionics.,

Dr. John E. Keto, chief scientists for
ASD, will be symposium director. Col.
Andres L. Karstens, Aerospace Medical
Research Laboratories commander, will
he oe ee and Lt. Col. Leonard M.
Butsch, IJr., chief of Electronic Tech-
oa, Laboratory's bionics and com-
puter branch will act as his deputy.

Dr. Hans O6cstreicher, Acrospace
Medical Research Laboratories, and

slonel Butsch are co-chairmen of the
echaloal committee.

Registration at the Biltmore Hotel in
Dayton is scheduled for Monday after-
noon, March 18

Persons interested in attending the
symposium may contact Commander,
Scronautical Systems Division, Attn:
ASRNEB-3, Lt. Col. L. M, Butsch, Jr.,
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.

APGC Closes An Era
With Last QF-80 Flight

An era ended at Air Proving Ground
Center recently with the last QF-80
“nullo” mission being flown over the
Eglin Gulf Test Range, according to
Lt, Col, Anslum M,. Blackwell, 3205th
Drone Sq. commander

The 32ist and final QF-80 drone
mission was flown with Capt. Ralph W.
Havmaker piloting the 1-33 control air-
craft and Capt. Owen C. Davis, IJr.,
controlling the QF-80O from the front
seat.

The drone was retrieved and returned
to Eglin by the team of Captains Hay-
and Davis, while a second T-35

-

maker

Hew, as usual, i rescrve

The Ci mi) P }y Aar! 9A!
when  QOT-335 flew in Operation Grees
house, an atomic test in the Pucil

(The 1-33 is & trainer version of th
F-S0 Shooting Stir.)

Durie U

enz

New AFSC

deputy chief of staff for
plans, Maj. Gen. W. B. Keese was
formerly director of development plan-
ning at Hg USAF. He was assigned to
his new position elfective July 1. He
replaces Maj. Gen. James F. Whisenand

who has been assigned as assistuat
deputy chief for research and tech-
nology at Hq USAF.

Brigadier General Allman T. Culbert-
son, Acrenautical Systems Division vice
commander, is being reassigned to Air
Proving Ground Center where he will
assume duty as deputy commander on
August 18. Going to APGC with Gen-
eral Culbertson will be his wife, the
former Annie Stallcup of Frierson, La.,
and their two sons Eugene and Robert.

y
‘
=
“ew commander of Acrongutical >
tens Division, Muj. Gen. Robert G.

Rucgy is not new to Wright-Patterson
AFB. He
ments to that installation aad was oa oa
third ussiznment Chere as Ale Force
Logistics Command's director of pro-

has had two previous assign-

curemenat vod production “hen he was

named to head ASD,

New
Dire

Color
assumes
Contruc
Brig. G
Keeling
procure
effective

Gene
commat
formed
assignm
represer
Aviatior

Color
Atlas p
Systems
commit
respons)

billion
fifth of
WON

tracts Vv
Western
WCMR
the mis
tion pr
gardicss

Dr. Ch
pointed
Technic
nouncin
O. Van
Bernier’
years a
and the
technica
six mon
linporta
an era ¢

N¢

Three
natitical
cash sw
MSet Rs
J. Wolf

Se a
award ¢
mote co
handle
gestion
to anys
the obj
reactor

An a
Sergeant
i

Ser
35 for
ting |
[ res
hivh

a

—- os

| advancem
and the well

Bionics
Year

Maye vy ecm
ration fandlis

, proces INE,
fata.

a

\ir Force

to
banal

v

leer

Lilet

JPA

ett

pha

yo

,
;

determine

’

-*

both for milt-
are of man in
nt present,

S

uch
storage and utilt-

where

ts

a

Is

.

»

led the first sym-

the

stood in regard to

Phe upcoming nicet-

il with more

of the 5)
on Processing
id Machines

’

secHic Lopics,

Mpo stiim

I

+1V

will

‘

hye

Living

The

:
feature concepts and Ul

t: y
scii-org

enizing

‘ts of inform

1 ns, and
> be Didi
and = applicat

and mech;

system

‘anres
tion
mm
Ply Sia
’
eal - -
a
Plas
+
ar

' sryae i] .
| papers will he
chnical
l sessions will be

Living Organisms;
cessing by Living Org
| Principles
tion of Bionic Concer
! papers also will be prese
area of bionics
E. Keto, cl
il be symp:
!. Karstens,

ne
shn F

ral

sessions.

sit

of

im ait
Acrospac ce

ee

,-
bite

5
Sign

**

mect-
. situc-
ih
SSollls
r 2s
bite sal
csiese
ms
tat’ é
tcu at
s for

cccep-

niorma-
isms:

Bior

.

~

*

ee tal

uf

and
Con-

nied

sientists for

Col.

edical

4 Laboratories commander, will
man and Lt, Col. Leonard M.
Jr., chief of Electroric Tech-
nO ‘ry s ; come
ranch will act as his depuly.
Hans O€cstr f, srospace
Re search Laborator and
| Butse ‘ are co-chairmen of the
it CONT mittee
tration at the Biltmore Hotel in
is scheduled for Mond fter-
Miarch 18
ms imterested in attending the
jum may contact Co ander,
tical Systems Divisio Reins

EB-3, Lt. Col. L

M. B

Patterson Air Force Biss Ohio.
Ar - ow
Ae@e Closes An Era

in Last QF-30 Fight
ry ended at Air Pros

ecent! With the }

nission being flown « the

mule Test Rane sccorcing to

Anslum M. Blackwell, 3205th
‘4. commander

323st and final QF-S lrone

as flown with Capt. Ralph W.
r piloting the 1-33 control atr-
i pt. Owe Davis. Jr..
the OF-80 trom the front
’ Was retricved inal returned
¥ the team of Captains Hay-
! Davi hile a second T-33
nil, itt ress
mn April |
foj;.3 fjperath or)
lol mo the Paci
; ty iti rsion of th
le yt j
the fust cade. OF-SO's ha
} thy ‘7 ‘
Ly ‘

New AFSC Scott chief of statt for
plans, Maj. Gen. W. B. Keese was
formerly director of development plan-
ning at Hq USAF. He was assigned to
his new position effective July 1. He
replaces Maj. Gen. James F. Whisenand

who has been assigned as assistant
deputy chief for reseurch and tech-
nology at Hq USAF.

Brigadier General Allman T, Cutbert-
son, Acronautical Systems Division vice
cominander, is being reassigned to Air
Proving Ground Center where he will
assume duty as depuly commander on
August 18. Going to APGC with Gen-
eral Culbertson will be his wife, the
former Annie Stollcup of Frierson, La.,

and their ovo sons Engene and Robert.

low com der La ror 1 il

} 11 ‘ 1 '
Rucepe is not new to Wright-Patterson
Arh. has hy tn previous te
ments to Chat Installation sand was on
third assignment there as Air bors
Lopistics Command’s director of i
evrement aud production when he was
numted te head ASD

New WCAR Chief Formerly
Directed BSD Ailas Program

Colonel John L. Zoeckler recently
assumed command of the Western
Contract Management Region replacing
Brig. Gen. Gerald F. Keeling. General
Keeling moved into the director of
procurement position at Hq APSC,
effective July 15,

General Keeling was the initial
commander of WCMR, which wa
formed Juiy 1, 1960. Prior to that

assignment he was the Air Force plhint

representative at North American
Aviation, Inc, in Los Angeles.

was the
Ballistic

Colonel Zoeckler previously
Atlas program director of the

Systems Division. At WCMR he will
command an organization which is
responsible for the expenditure of $5
billion dollars per year; nearly one-
tifth of the total Air Fore sede it
WCMR_ personnel administer con-
tracts with civilian industry of cleven
western states, plus Alaska and Hawaii.

WCMR also has an iniegral part tn
the missile produ ‘tion at d site activa-
tion programs of the Air Force, fe-

gardiess of geographical location.

Dr. Charles L.

Bernier has been up-
pointed director of the Armed Services

Technical Information Agency. Ta an-
nouncing the appointment, Col, James
O. Vann, ASTIA commander, said, “Dr.
Bernier’s previous experience of miany
years as editor of Chemical Abstracts
gad the copaubilities he has shown as
technical advisor to ASTIA these pust
six months, make Ohis assizament a very
importuat one for the agency as it caters
an era of unprecedented expansion.”

NCO’s Earn Cash Awards

Three sergeants assigned to the Acro-
nautical tems Division have rece: ed
cush awards for sugyestions ‘Thes ire
MSzt Donald A. Vorhies, TSut. Donald
J. Wolf and SSet. LeRoy Sheperd.

Sergeant Vorhies received an initial
award of $50 for SUI: esting th re
mote control camcra m it be built to
handle two 3D-TV came . His uz
gestion cnobles cameras to be adjusted
to any position and any distance from
the object being photographed in a
reactor areca.

An award of 57,50 was granted to
Serveant Sheperd for his sugvestian to
f i
' 1 ,

! " ‘ ; ‘ ‘

’ \ VW ye | - i
) for ine | tor fit
il . ‘

Brigadier General Otto J. Glasser
marked two major milestones in his mili-
tary career early in July. On the first,
he pianed on his new star, and on the
secoml, he assumed duty as the vice
commmonder of Electronic Systems Divi-
sion. General Glasser had previously
been assigned as a2 special assistant to
Gen. B. A. Schriever, AFSC com-
manider.

General Schriever To Keynote

Guidance Test Symposium

General B. A. Schriever, AFSC com-
mandsr, has accepted an invitation to
deliver the Keynote address at the In-
ertial Guidance Test Symposium, Oct.
16-17, 1962. The symposium will de
held at the Air Force Central Inertial
Guidance test facility at Air Force Mis-
sile Developmert Center.

Papers to be presented will concen-
trate on: comparison of missile, sled
and centrifuge as an inertial guidance
test bed; establishment of a precision
velocity yardstics and analysis of veloc-
ity errors in inertial guidance systems:
and standardization efforts in inertial
guidance laboratory testing.

Attendance at the symposium will be
by invitation. Inquiries should be ad
dressed to Mr. Marvin C. Green
(MDRG), Holloman AFB, N. M.

,

mmander of A “s newest orrnni-
Heseurch ond Technolovy

.

(
rutio ‘. the
] Marvin C. Denler

~

mWIowW, Niaj. Gen.
wosumed commuuad responsibility duly I,
Ife hod been the director of advanced
technoingy at Mg USAR, ROD is head-
nugterodd sag Rolling AFD, Washington,

;

i>, {

‘

Bid Let To Develop
Weather-Safe System
Of Aircraft Control

A compact air traffic control system
to guide pilots to safe landings in ull
types of weather in remote areas of the
world moved closer to reality recently
with award of a $6 million contract to
the Radio Corporation of America,
Burlington, Mass., by the Electronics
Systems Division of the Air Force Sys-
tems Command.

The contract calls for one system,
being a partial award against an initial
requirement for three systems, all to be
completed by the summer of 1963. The
Air Force visualizes a total requirement
of 14 such systems for use at fields
around the world.

Brigadier General Charles H. Ter-
hune Jr.. ESD commander, said the
Emergency Mission Support System will
give the Air Force a mobile control
system compatible with the FAA air
trafic control system. With EMS, air
traffic control communications and nav-
igational aids will be ready tor fast
deployment in any emergency. Re-
sponsible for this project is ESD's 482L
System Program Office, headed by Col.
Martin F. Peterson.

Each EMS will be housed in six vans.
Fach van will have its own electrical
power supplies, air conditioning, initial
Spare parts, and inter-communication
equipment. “The system will be able to
direct and land all types of modern air-
craft every 2.5 minutes, under condi-
tions of only 200-foot ceilings and
half-mile visibility despite fog, moderate
rain or snow,” Colonel Peterson said.
“A total of 24 aircraft will be under
positive control over an airport under
bad weather conditions and be able to
land without delay.”

The air transportable system will in-
clude a precision approach = radar,
search radar, visual and instrument
flight rules (VFR & IFR). tower vans
communications, and a government
furnished, van-mounted TACAN navi
gation aid (AN/TRN/17).

Face-Liffing To Add

Radar Tracking Power

The Air Proving Ground Center will
double the power of its prime radar
tracking stations within the year. it
was recently announced by Hq APCGC.,

One of the five tracking radars
located on Eglin’s Site A-20) will in-
crease its power output to five mega-
watts following an electronic
lifting later this year, At the present
time, the 12-foot “dish.” designated the
FPS-16, has a peak power capability of
one megawatt-—as do each of the four
other radars on the site,

Site A-20 is also known as “Station
17” to the men who operate the
Mercury man-inespace tracking net
werk. It is the 17th, and last, station
American ustronauis pass over before
making earth re-entry from orbit

face-

On the critical last orbits of the
Friendship 7 wod the Aurora puce
capsules, ihe € nm? S Band roclurs nat
Stution 17 xept mh Ch ,c oon
the plunging capstle which | widdect
yitil antermitio on the reaotty path

of the astronuuts

The new Incresse in power [oi the
FPS.16 wil ie 2 corresponding tn
Lreused Lriteer

tron

New

Name

Serial Nurbers

Dyna-Soar

Birthdays

Self Defense

Silver Wings

Cold War Medal

Voters Should
Check

Help Wanted

birst Termiers

ete eee ee eee =

AFSC BRIE
Aerospace Medical
Medicine, located
desizn ted the Als
Medicine July |
chanced

May be u thing o
members if a studs
approval of the A
made to use the S
Air Foree personne
that oumber and t
the proposal betics
result in a substant
mechanized equips
present members v
until separated.

The Air Force's sp:
the long

~

standing pr
designators to opera
The one-man, delta
as The X-20. Cu
be launched into o1
capahility to fly wit
will make the X~—?
The X-20 is
tems Division

toth the USAF Ai
change Service cele!
Weather Service wa
in 1937, AWS oper:
Officers and 180 enli
than 4009 stations an
civilian personne!

lished in 1895, It te
and became known
Force installations ir
a Separate service.

being

Students now enrolle
are learning the art «
mand and Air Train
Study was introduce
month

Apperently hold a le
emy cadets. Statist
percent of this year’
into pilot training as
career. Of 259 cradu
career advancement.
to pursue further ac
Force Institute of Th
Point men seemed r
Of 62 West Pointers
enrolled for
Annapolis graduates

[ ut rs

Criteria for award o!
ary Medal, recently
of Defense, include
Quemoy-Matsu, the °
and Vietnam. The 1
dent Kennedy lost

design still under stu
able for issue until

With base or unit +
changes in dates of

local elections effect
miacde ow some instar
in absentee

voter qu, lifications,

The USAF Reeruiti:

4 otin .

cruiter sales |
SUMC Ares Airn

the duty if th “4 see}
app hoy re 4
Johs eo tH the 4
Shy pu) 1 to? .

ilo | !

ure viven ach
When un iti :
dees } is wits |
the lacie ’

Sid Let To Develop AFSC BRIEFS =
Jeoather-Safe System New Name Acrospuce Medical Division's School of Aerospace

Niedicine, located at Brooks AFB, fex.. Was fre- j

Of Aircratt Control designated the Air Force School of Acrospace

Medicine July 1. Location of the school is un-

Ompact air traffic control system chanel
i¢ pilots to safe landings in al!

{ weather in remote areas of the Serial Numbers May he a thing of the past to future Air Fore

moved closer to reality recently members if a study now underway mets with the

ward of a $6 million contract to approval of the Air Staff. A proposal has been

Pauhio Cerporation of America, made to use the Social Security nuruber to identify

ton, Mass, by the Electronics Air Force personnel rather than a combination of |

si. = . ; her anid > cerial -niutmber 10 ~ of
% Division of the Atr Force Sys- that number and the serial number. S| OnsOrs OF
the proposal believe that the changeover would
result in a substantial saving in computer or othe:
mechanized equipment storage. Under the plan

Command.
contract calls for one system,
partial award against an initial
‘ment for three systems, all to be
‘ted by the summer cf 1963. The until separated,

present members would retain their serial numbe

—— ee oe

Sal et) “ee he ire ) oe be rarer? as oe . . 6 Ps

ce Mi sa bol it re 5 \ecnbanhotran le Dvyna-Soar The Air Force's space glider has fallea in line with

qraetty «q\ eTyye a “ at th : a , . . 4 ** \ |
Posse iat from for use at fields the long standing practice of applying letter-numbes

‘4 . | ' . oe . . |
| the world. designators to operat yal and experimental vehicles, '

medier General Charles H. Ter- he known

' 2 The one-nian, delta-wing spacecraft will
e reyes . . « Tt ‘*. . . . 4 ~
iss ESD ee okie aoa as The X-20. Current plans are for the X-20 to
ency Mission Upport Systent wii be launched into orbit by a Titan HT |
re Air Force a mobile control

woster. Its

capability to fly within and beyond the atmosphere

. |
Pats cha tr dis . ok. the A "=e . P P Seo ;
phe soiee eh _ <d will make the X-20 the first US werospace craft. '
avi ? Sveyy yi .- \ Me - " 9 . . °
COOTrFOR SYStom nh EMS, air The X-20 is being developed by Acronautical Sys-
“ene -onemu ri. a * a! i iota . -
pis cone minke :! and nav tems Division.
gids Will Be reac for fast }
. . ’ ee , M4 ] , t} t) LsAF \j Weat! Ge ae rycl he [ey
yment in any emercency. c- Rirthdays zOla tne : Air eulaer ocrvice and (Me i
ble for this project is ESD's 482L change Service celebrated birthdays during July. Air
Program Office, headed by Col. Weather Service wus 25 years old. Whea activated
1 F. Peterson. in 1937, AWS oper: ted 40 weather stations with 22
*h EMS will be housed in six vans officers and 180 enlisted men. Today there are more
van will have its own electrical than 400 stations and more than 11,000 military and
supplies, air conditioning, initial civilian personnel. The Post Exchange was estub-
parts, and inter-conimiunication | lished in 1895. It took shape as we Know it in 194]
rent. “The system will be able to and became known as the Base Exchange on Air
and land all types of modern air- Force installations in 1947 when that branch became
every 2.5 minutes. under condi- | A separate service.
- ; |
f only 200-foot ceilines and — oe = : ; : ea :
+ visibility despite Ts ey Self Defense Students now enrolled in the Squadron Officer School
e visibility Gespite for, mocerate v : .
Pr Se yhe la trek: are learning the art of Judo from Strategic Air Com
snow, Colone! Peterson s id. ' "A? ey e att
mt ate ndee mand and Air Training Command experts. The new
| of 24 airer ‘ 2 unde ; By ae ‘
study was introduced in the class which started last
e control over an xutrrort under :
. 5
ot St0t a . at m min
rcainer CONC ms wha ec ane to

sithout delay.” . Silver Wings Apparently hold a Jot of appeal for Air Force Acad-
‘ig transportadle system will in- ; emy cadets. Statistics reveal that more than 87
a precision approach radar, percent of this year’s graduating class elected to go |
radar, visual and instrument into pilot training as the first step in their Air Force

rules (VFR & IFR), tower vans, sareer. OF 289 eraduaics 253 chose that route toward

unications, and a government career advancement. A total of 15 cadets elected

hed. van-mounted TACAN navi- to pursue further academic training through the Ait

mn aid (AN/TRN/17) Force Institute of Technology. Annapolis and West
Point men seemed much more iaterested in AFIT

Face-Lifting To Add Of 62 West Pointers entering the Air Force, 15 are |

= Fe enrolled for courses. ‘Twenty-three of the 80
car Tracking Dower Annapolis graduates are also enrolled !
> Air Proving Ground Center will Cold War Medal Criteria for award of the Armed Forces Fxpedition-
i¢ the power of its prime rodar ary Medal, recently established by the Department
ng stations within ¢ *. it of Defense. includes service in Berlin. Lebanon.
cently announced by H: OC Quemoy-Matsu, the Taiwan Straits, the Congo, Laos

of the five trackinr: iTS and Vietnani. The medal was authorized by Presi
! on Eglin’s Site A-- n- dent Kennedy last December. Medal and ribbon,
its power oufpul to fh niega- design stul under study, are not cxpected tu be avail- |
following an electronic face- able for issue until early 1963. ,
iter is vear. At the present
the 4? ise aieh.” asta d the Voters Should With base or unit voting officers to see if recent |
6, has a peak power capahiiity of Cheek chan 5e4 ” dates of general clectto iS, prmart sand
‘vawatt—-as do each of the four local elections elle t them. Chanves have also been |
dars on the site mide in some instances on the procedures to fol!
\-20 is also known as “Stution In ah hiee voting, registering ta vote and cer
the men who operate the voter qualification j
r MaNn-w-space trackin, net- Help Wanted fhe USAF Recruiting Service is ads *rtising for ve-
it is the 17th, and last, station cruiter salesmen, These gre especially needed in
24 UWstFONAUTsS Pass Over before some areas. Airmen huve a better chanc ‘
carth re-e ry from orbit the duty if th ys ‘ek johs in the sh lage are ‘eri
he critical Jast orbits of the apply ine diekaa lie different: wn weletigs Hon vii
wn 7 and the Aurora 7 space 3 ES heskeninitn
the C and S Band radars at
’ kept aun cl oe > eye 0 Piest Termers Should take a second loot i |
high provided donot ht 1) '
’ on ri niry math ‘ mitt i Ti that |
OM! when y serra ( I ' n! '
} | f ul : .
Y th inh puNwer 40 ine t) ; MIs CON ! i ri I
' rresponding in mM ont a |
ie : lity to the s
.

—— 2 - oe

War College Associate Courses At

ASD Termed Highiy Successful

The Aeronautical Systems Division
at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, ts one
of four organizations originally selected
to participate in a six-month test of the
Air University’s new accelerated War
College associate course. Other bases
involved were Langley AFB, Va.; Lin-
coln AFB, Nebr.; and Maxwell AFB,
Ala.

A voluntary program, the new asso-
ciate course was established for selected
active duty senior officers and civil
service employees of the Air Force.
Since its “Geclenin g. the informal course
has proved highiy successful. It is now
officially approved by USAF and is be-
ing implemented on a Jarger scale.
Twenty new seminars were estublished
in January, 1962 and more are to fol-
low.

The War College associate course is
based on the premise that individuals
who purticipate in the program have a
desire to learn in order to improve their
capabilities and qualifications for posi-
tions of greater responsibility.

With this in mind, the course was
prepared to be presented on a permis-
sive rather than a directed basis. Stu-
dents who participate are per rmitted as
much latitude as possible in deciding
the manner in which the course is con-
ducted.

The course consists of four semesters
of five months each, tailored along the
lines of the War College resident
COUTSe, Bach vol ume td study in each
semester inciudes 20 ¢ ers. Studen
study me lesson indi ‘dually. They
then meet for a weekly two-hour semi
nar, where the study assignment is dis-

cussed by all participants in the course.
Seminar discussion groups are con-
ducted under a rotating chairmanship

of the stude ats and un der permanent
‘direction of the senior ranking students.
Military participants are lieutenant
colonels and above and civilians, grade
GS 14 and above

In addition to directed studies, stu-
dent members must make two 1!0-min-
ute oral presentations during each vol-
ume of study. A written report on
sugested subjects of 2,000 to 3,000
words is also recuired at the end of
each volume.

Upon finishing ths
are given a year

course students

or completion of a

Fuch week, students of the War

h ur Ss min ir to CISCLISN their ST vali
Heed, Afai, Denes Tf. Johnsen and
flosd Finbere, James L. Hicht and

College

thesis, which must be approved by the
Air University, The complete course
takes approximately two years.

Seminar oumber 3, at ASD, has
completed the first three volumes and is
scheduled to commence the lust volume
this summer, It will be among the first
five in the Air Force to receive recogni-
tion for pioneering a new concept in
military education.

The chief reason for the associate
course is that many senior officers
would not have an opportunity to par-
ticipate in the War College program be-
cause of the limited number of officers
selected for the resident course,

This accelerated course reduces the
regular course from five to two years
Some of the arcas studied under this
program include international relations
and current world conflicts, elements of
strategy, current and future military
strategy.

Lt. Nicolai Graduates
$05 With Distinction

Licutenant Leland M. Wicolai, of
ASD's Directorate of Advanced Systems
Pianning, was honored recently upon
graduation with distinction from Squad-
ron Officer School, Maxwell AFB, Ala.
Licutenant Nicolai was one of 42, in a
class of more than 900 students, who
eduated with distiaction.

Assigned to ASD's Flight Dynamics
Laboratory in August 1957, he attended
the University of Oklahoma under
AFIT sponsorship and reccived his M.S.
degree in acronautical engineering. He
had received his bachelor's degree from
the University of Washington in 1957.

Upon his return to ASD, Licutenant
Nicolai was assigned to the design ana-
lysis section of the aerospace vehicle
design branch. In this assignment, he
conducts design studies of futuristic
aerospace vehicles,

Lieutenant Nicolai received commen-
dations from Lt. Gen. Troup Miller,
Jr., commander of Maxwell AFB; Maj.
Gen. C. H. Mitchell, vice commander
of AFSC, and Maj. Gen. W. A. Davis,
former commander of ASD.

gre

Associate Course mect for a two-
trom teft ure Lt. Cal, lwurd B.
Philltin 3, Teasigk, chairman;

tg ee Oy

Contract To Develop Deen
Space Tracking Ability
Announced By Air Force

The Air Force recently announced
award of a $2.8 million contract to
Radio Corporation of America, Burling-
ton, Mass., to procure a prototype opti-
cal surveillance device which will cnable
the Air Force to detect and track man-
made satellites orbiting out in the dis-
tant ranges of the stars.

Personnel of Electronic Systems Divi-
sion’s System 4961. (popularly known
us Space Truck) will handle procure-
ment and manage development of the
prototype model.

Besides 2 powerful telescope, the
prototype mode! will employ the photo-
sensitive surfaces of an iniage orthicon
(TV-like) tube, coupled with data cor-
relation techniques to get a fast readout,

The system works like this: The
portion of the sky observed throush the
telescope is focused on the face or sur-
face of un image-orthicon tube The
surface is made up of nuultiple photo-

sensitive cells, like a checkerboard or
honeycomb or the TV tube, with cach
section exacting indepe endently to the
amount of light hitting it. Electronic
currents, rescting to each individual
section, instantaneously relay the mes-
S2uKe

Diata-processing techniques “read”
this message and store it. The incredi-
ble swiftness of electronics replaces the
former slow development of a chemical
printout. Further, the star background
is cancelled out electronically. Then the
computer brain compares one “look”
(scan) with the next so that any man-
made object moving in the section
under surveillance will be detected.

Extending the range of radar detec-
tion, the optical detecting system wil!
not necessarily be restricted to carth
satellites

ESD’s Anthony Salvucci, 496L proj-
ect scientist, suid, “The opticai-detect-
ing device will utilize electronic tech-
niques of analysis in order to give
‘real time’ answer to the satellite sur-
veillance problem at long ranges.”

System 496L is one of more than a
dozen wide ranging Air Force electronic
projects centered at Hanscom Field, all
dealing with the problems of command
and control of zerospace forces.

Rocket Society Speaker

Carl O. Horst, the X-15 research
plane’s chief engineer ai the Acronauti-
cal Systems Division, recently addressed
the Northeast Ohio Division of the
American Rocket Society at Cleveland,
Ohio. He spoke on the contribution of
the X-15 to rocketing and aerospace

Horst told the group that the X-15 is
a blend of the ballistic missile and
winged aircraft and that it is made from
Inconel X, which is similar to material
used in automobile exhaust pipes.

He has applied for a patent for an

aircraft wing base od on bird firht
mechanisms and hus published a book
titled, pont and Soaring.” He is
also past president of the Daytona
Audubon Society.

His book describes the mechanics of
bi rds in Might and was published by the

wrry Printing Company of Kettering,
' » LOG
He is chict engineer of the Expe
} | at % t Svster Office at
’

ln
M

tro
¥ventol
has r
of dk
hecore
Secret
Pros
Pro
one oO
of ar
mine
1s
artich
Army
imveat
Versa,
Secret
most
curren
A
work
Force
plated
ing al
woul
amon
that t
which

Force

As
Car]
acron
last [
Fort

He
tuitior
South
science
carcet
ising +

A
(1955
the fi
the ft
year-c
progri

For
vised
the fe
the A

Sir
up in
June :
he go
mechs
matics

‘a Courses At
» Successful

vhich must be approved by the
niversity. The complete course
pproximately two years,

imar number 3, at ASD, has
sted the first three volumes and ts
cd to commence the last volume
mmer. It will be among the first
the Air Force to receive recogni-
¢ pioneering a new concept in
, educution

chief reason for the associate

is that many senior officers
not have an opportunity to par-

in the War College program be-
f the limited number of officers
| for the resident course,
s accelerated course recuces the
r course from five to two years
of the arens studied under this
im taclude internationa! relations
rrent world conflicts. cements of
‘vy. current and future military

+. Nicolai Graduates
SOS With Distinction

ienant Leland M. Nicolai, of
's Directorate of Advanced Systems
ing. was honored recently upon
vation with distinction from Squad-
Officer School, Maxweil AFB, Ala.
utenant Nicolai was one of 42, in a
of more than 900 students, who
sted with distinction
siened to ASD's Flight Dynamics

tory in August 1957, he attended
University of Oklahoma under
'T sponsorship and received his M.S.
¢ in aeronautical engineering.
eccived his bachelor's degree from
‘Iniversity of Washington in 1957.
‘on his return to ASD, Lieutenant
lai was assigned to the design ana-
section of the aerospace vehicle
n branch. In this assignment, he
ucts design studies of futuristic
sace vehicles.
sutenant Nicolai received commen-
is from Lt. Gen. Trous Miiler,
commander of Maxwell AF2; Maj.
. C. H. Mitchell, vice commander
APSC, and Maj. Gen. W, A. Davis,
ier commander of ASD

ts
=e
3
P)
= 04
CG

clate Course meet for a iwo-
lefe ure Et. Col BMdward B.

ii ; j Bie ; th, chai reer;

Contract To Develop Dean
Space Tracking Ability
Announced By Air Force

The Air Foree recently announced
award of a $2.8 million contract to
Radio Corporation of America, Burling-
ton, Mass., to procure a prototype opti-
cal surveillance device which will enable
the Air Force to detect and track man-
made satellites orbiting out in the dis-
tant ranges of the stars.

Personnel of Electronic Systems Divi-
sion’s System: 496L (popularly known
aus Space Track) will handle procure-
ment and manage cevelopment of the
prototype model.

Besides a powerful telescope, the
prototype model will employ the photo-
sensitive surfaces of an image orthicon
(TV-like) tube, coupled with data cor-
relation techniques to get a fast readout.

The system works like this: The
portion of the sky observed through the
telescope is focused on the face or sur-
face of an image-orthicon tube. The
surface is made up of mukiple photo-
sensitive cells, like a checkerboard or
honeycomb or the TV tube, with each
section reacting independently to the
amoumt of light hitting it. Electronic
currents, reacting to each individual
section, instaniancously relay the moes-
sage.

Data-processing techniques “read”
this message and store it. The incredi-
ble swiftness of electronics replaces the
former siow cevelopment of a cheinical
printout. Further, the star background
is cancelied out electronically, Then the
computer Srain compares one “look”
(scan) with the next so that any man-
made obiect moving in the section
under surveisance will be detected.

Extending the range of radar detec-
tion, the optical detecting system will
not necessirily be restricted to earth
satellites.

ESD’s Anthony Salvucci, 496L. proj-
ect scientist, said, “The optical-detect-
ing device will utilize electronic tech-
nigues cf analysis tn order to give a
‘real time’ answer to the satellite sur-
veillance problem at long ranges.”

System 4965L is one of more than a
dozen wide ranging Air Force clectronic
projects centered at Hanscom Field, all
dealing with the problems of command
and control of aerospace forces.

Rocket Society Speaker

Carl O. Horst, the X-15 research
plane's chief engineer at the Acronauti-
cal Systems Division, recently addressed
the Northeast Ohio Division of the
American Rocket Society at Cleveland,
Ohio. He spoke on the contribution of
the X-15 to rocketing and acrospace.

Horst told the group that the X-15 is
a blend of the ballistic missile and
winged aircraft and that it is made trom
Inconel X, which is similar to material
used in automobile exhaust pipes,

He has applied for a patent for an
aircraft wing based on bird flight
mechanisms and has published a book
titled, “Flapping and Soaring.” He is

piso past president of the Dnuyton
Audubon Society

His beok deseribes the mechan Vi
birds in Meht and was published by thy

Sherry Printing Company of Kettering
Ohio, in 1960.

He } shief envinger of the Fx j

—— = e a ee ee

Ss th A Pra" > oye

Inventory Transfers Net
Millions For Taxpayers

fransfer of articles of military in-
ventory from one service to another
has resulicd in the savings of millions
of dollars of the tax-payers’ money,
according to a report made by Defense
Secretary Robert S. McNamara to
President Kennedy on July 5,

Procurement of needed articles by
one of the services from the inventory
of another has proven to be a goal
mine, according to Mr. McNamara.

Instead of trying to procure a needed
article from civilian contractors, the
Army or Navy will first search the idle
inventory of the Air Force, and vice
versa, This practice was described by
Secretary McNamara as “one of the
most fruitful ways to reduce the pro-
curement of inventories.”

A sample of how the “transfers”
work was revealed in the recent Air
Force requirement for 328 new silver-
plated roller bearings used in overhaul-
ing aircraft engines. To purchase them
would have cost $25,862. A_ search
among the inventories, however, showed
thet the Navy had a supply of them
which were transferred to the Air
Force. (AF NS)

Education Pays

A scholar’s dream has come true for
Carl D. Simmons, 34, a supervisory
acronautical research engineer for the
last four of his seven years at the Air
Force Flight Test Center.

He recently started a vear of salaried,
tuition-paid study at the University of
Southern Californix for a master of
science degree, under an Air Force
carcer developinent program for prom-
ising civilian workers.

A Fresno State College graduate
(1955) and father of two, Simmons is
the first Flight Test Center winner of
the full-time study award in the three-
year-old Air Force career development
program,

For the last two years he has super-
vised various key test projects involving
the four-jet supersonic B-58 Hustler,
the Air Force's fastest homber.

Simmons, 2 native Texan who grew
up in Texarkana, came to Edwards
June 21, 1955 from Fresno State where
he got a bachelor of science degree in
mechanical engineering and muthe-
matics,

Research Pilot School At Edwards AFB
Grooms Students For Top Soace Roles

Two large glass doors opening into a
squat ereen building labeled with the
words, “United States Air Force Acro-
space Research Pilot School,” are the
USAF gateway to space.

At the Air Force Systems Command's
Aic Force Flight Test Center, Ed-
wards AFB, Calif., sclected test pilots
ure training to fly or work with to-
morcrow's aerospace craft.

The school offers two courses. One
is the Experimental Test Pilot Course,
which has been taught at Edwards for
several years. The second, the Acro-
spuce Research Pilot Course, goes one
step beyond this. It is seven months
lone and presents the most advanced
technological treining ever offered in
the Air Force, and is probably the
most advanced and exacting formal
aviation school in the world.

“What we are doing.” Lt. Col. Rob-
ert MM. Howe, school commandant, said,
“$5 preparing pilots and project officers
for this nation’s future manned space
programs. Some of our future gradu-

ates will uncoudiedly fy in space and
many will be Sight testing future sero-
space vehicles. Some will be associated

with the many aspects of project man-
agement for extreme altitude flight.”

Applicants for the advanced course
must be graduates of the Air Force's
Experimental Test Pilot course or the
US Navy or Royal Air Force test pilot
schools. They must be on active duty
in the grade of Heutenant colonel or
below and currenidy on flying status as
a pilot. A muninmnim of 2,000 hours’
flying time and a degree or equivalent
in engineering, physical science, or
mathematics is required.

“Instruction is divided into four
phases,” Coiorel Howe said. “These
are academic lectures, flying, simulation,
and bioastronautics. The academic
phase is conducted by military and
civilian instructors with advanced de-
grees. Flying training is conducted in
advanced aircraft, some of which wil!
be modified to exhibit ballistic control,
re-entry, and variable stability charac-
teristics.

“For those aspects of future space

*

~
iv
--

flicht which cannot be demonstrated in
present duy aircra®, we have added the
Simulation phase, where  clectronic

Might sumulator soproximate space
conditions for the student,

“Bioastronautics training will be con-
ducted at the School of Acrospace
Medicine. There the student will be
familiarized with the physiological im-
plications of flight in upper atmosphere
and space, and related biomedical
technica Ics

“Finally, field trips will provide the
student an opportunity to familiarize
himself with allied space work being
Cone by the military, US industry, and
the National Acronautics and Space
Adrainistration.”

The academic program includes math

i
nd chaeimncerine review, and stidics of
celestiad faviration, comptter the
JeFospuce enviroument bios STUN UULISS,

Mmanhies i titi iit! a iy

I r\ cunhience ind co ra}

M tions, instrumentation, pro
Isian. vehicle systems, and project

| ent
i { is lta ce

strate the principles presented in the
classroom as well as to maintain the
flying proficiency of students.

Various aspects of space vehicle
flight that cannot be casily or cconom-
ically demonstrated in flight are simu-
lated, Students undergo extensive simu-
lator training both at the school and
tt locations away from the school.

The Acrospuce Research Pilot Course
is rounded out with a program of field
trips and temporary duty away from the
school, Various organizations, agencies
and contractor facilities are visited.

Deceleration Symposium

A retardation and recovery sympo-
sium keyed to applied research in the
Reld of aerodynamic decelerators will
be conducted by the Aeronautical Sys-
tems Division Nov. 13 and 14,

Sponsored by ASD's Flight Acces-
sories Laboratory, it will be held at the
Imperial Motel, Dayton, Ohio, for
government, industry and university
researchers.

Reservations may be made by writing
to the Acronautical Systems Division,
Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, atten-
tion Flight Accessories Laboratory
(ASRMFD-2).

The symposium will feature some 15
presentations and discussions,

The laboratory's retardation and re-
covery branch will be host for the mect-
ing. George Sok is branch chief.
Captain Amhony W. Gerzina is sympo-
sium project officer.

- dee
Blonde Wendy Capps, 16-year-old
Desert High School senior, was recently
selected from 10 contestants to reign as
Miss Edwards AFR of 1942. The § 7”
beauty will be 17 in August ood vie
U other area comenurtity
queens for the Miss Antelope Valicy
title. fhe winner will cule over the
winunl Antelope Vatley, Calif., Pair
nol Alfalfa Festival, Wendy's father,
Maj. Robert S. Cupps, is assigned to
Nir Force Flight’ Test Center Head-

yee 1A.

,
‘
wilh sitll |
’
‘

Representing the air forces of Porapuay, Brazi
Ntaly, Belpiuin, Peru, Acgentina, Viet Noam
some 25 officers exumine the X-15 manned re
AFR, recently. The officers, who were in t!
Safeiy Officer Course at the University of S
A¥®SC installation as a part of their orienta

Mouny Ais Force Academy cadets have bee
at various AFSC installations in recent week
in a training program at Acronoutico! System
The future officers are getting their first tas!
They were umong a group of more than
Wright-Patterson AFB last month.

Fifteen years ago, Col, Charles E. “Chuck”
in the world to fy foster than the
William L. Rowers, Arnold Eapineering D4
look over that center's newest wind tunnel

above 2 times the speed of sound.

‘ Edwards AF3

~~
s«

on Space Roles

the principles presented in the
m as well as to maintain the
proficiency of students.
ious aspects of space vehicle
that cannot be easily or econom-
demonstrated in flight are simu-
Students uadergo extensive simu-
training both at the school and
itiams away from the school.
: Aerospace Research Pilot Course
aded out with a program of field
ind temporary duty away from the
Various organizations, agencies

mitracitor facilities are Visited.

Deceleration Symposium

retardation and recovery sympo-

keyed to applicd research in the
of aerodynamic decelsrators will
cucted by the Aeronautical Sys-
Division Nov. 13 sad Vn
nsored by ASD's Flicht Acces-
; Laboratory, it will be held at the
cia! Motel, Dayton, Ohio, for
ament, industry and university
rchers.
servations may be made 5y writing
he Acronautical Systems Division,

ht-Patterson AFB, Ohio, atten-
Flight) Accessories Laboratory

WtMFD-2).

‘ye symposium will feature some 15

omtations and discussior
laboratory's retardation and re-
branch wi'! be hast for the meet-

George Solt i Oranch chief.

1 Anthony W. Gerzins is sympo-

1 project officer

4,
le Wendy Capps, 16-year-old
rt High School senior, was receatly
d fram 10 contestants to reign as
Ddwards ATR of 1962. The 87”
“ill be !7 in Auveust and vie
ome tO other aren cominunity
» lor th liss Antelope Valley
bie inner will rule over the
is! Antelope Valley, Calit., Fair
Alfalia WVestival. Wendy's father,
i. Robert S., Capps, is assigned to

Force Flight Test Center Head-

AFSC OBSERVER

Representing the air forces of Paraguay, Brazil, Republic of China, Thailand,
italy, Belgium, Peru, Arpentiaa, Viet Nam, Norway, and Saudi Arabia,
some 25 officers examine the X-15 manned research rocket plane ut Edwards
A¥B, recently, The officers, who were in this country to attend a Fiying
Safety Officer Course at the University of Southern California, yisited the
APSC installation as a part of their orientation.

Many Air Force Academy cadets have been figuratively, Noating sround
at various AFSC installations in recent weeks but these three, participating
in a training program at Aeronautical Systems Division, ore literally floating,
The fvture officers are getting their first taste of “zero gravity” conditions,
They were among a group of more than 800 who received training at
Wright-Patterson AFB last month.

‘

ry WN es nage — ms “a \ . ¢ i
Pebepere honey 4. ‘ = a ae, Ot : = Wala
Fifteen years ago, Col, Charles BE, “Chuck” Yeaper (left) s the lirst man
in the world to Ny Faster than the speed of sound. Tere, ty i Ninj, Gen
William 2... Rogers, Arnold Envincering Development Ce * conimoandes
look over that center's newest whi tunnel, « le Gi attain hy .

yor . hy f mes iy .*') 7) ‘oj rity

ee

a

ACCENT ON PEOPLE

Determination, Drive And AF Aid
Help BSD Officer To Academic Top

limaxing a 20-year climb to aca-
demic eminence, Ballistic Systems Divi-
sion’s Lt. Col. Vincent J. Bracha re-
cently received the devree of Doctor of
Philosophy from the University of
Southern California’s graduate school
of Business Administration.

The dark-haired, soft-spoken colonel
was the only student in the school's
graduate “class of °62" to earn that dis-
tinction, He is the first Air Force offi-
Cer ever to atiain a doctorate from
USC in the business administration
field.

But most remarkable he reached that
scholastic pinnacle through a self-ini-
posed program of persistent education.

In getting the “third degree,” Colonel!
Bracha capred a program begun in
1942 when he entered pilot training on
the hecls of just two years of high
school education.

Since that time he has not only
carned a high school diploma but has
acquired a BS and an MBA as well. He
has also polished off a variety of service
schools and Air Force Institute courses
and has carrie? out an impressive array
of military assignments, including com-
bat fying in World War II

The colonels crowning accomplish-
ment, however, is a family of three
eager children on whom daddy's thirst
for knowledge has made an indelible

impression.
“Some peopis sit and rock and dream
of objectives,” Colonel Bracha says,

“but they never take the first step. Once
yOU Stam toward a goal you just keep
going. Persistecce becomes a habit.”

Chief of the reliability branch of
BSD's materie] and technical require-
meats office, Colonel Bracha began
working on his PhD in 1958, immedi-
ately after his assignment to Los An-
geles,

In less than four years he completed
80 credit hours of graduate work i:
business statistics. economics, indus-
trial engineering and industrial manage-
ment. He wrote 2 lenethy dissertation
on “Anaiysis of Reliability Management
in Defense Industries”

ind on May 14
passed the fina! comprehensive exami-

Licutenont Calonel Vineent J. Bracha

reaches an ucademic pinnacle as his
ui depree ts allicially conferred,
1%) viel erste tiie militar service
yh so With less than a hieh

} : iron,

nation certifying him for the degree.

The 43-year-old officer is quick to
admit that his Air Force service has
made his extensive education possible

“I've gone to schoo! some three years
on a full time basis.” he observes
“What industry would permit that?”

Colonel Bracha, who maintained high
academic averages throughout his scho-
lastic programs, says it is hard to iden-
tify the precise motivation behind his
relentless pursuit of knowledge.

“I started out wanting to be a medi-
cal doctor,” he reflects. “Then [ be-
came keenly interested in the sciences.
Now | have degrees in management.
But I feel | have gotten what I really
wanted—the opportunity to read and to
learn and to excell in some field.

“If T had started out with a doctorate
in mind,” he says, “I probably would
have been overwhelmed by the im-
mensity of the task. But the idea is
to take first things first, to achieve one
plateau before reaching for the next.
I think that’s the secret to any long-
range goal,”

Master Sergeant William D. Adams, act-
ing food service officer at Patrick AFB
presents a STO0 savings hond each year
to the outstanding senior in bis home-
town, Jonesville, N.C.

Patrick Airman Has
Own Scholarship Plan

Master Sergeant William D. Adams
of Patrick AFB recently presented, for
the fourth time, the William D. Adams
Family Honor Student Award, given
annually to the outstanding senior of
the sergeant’s hometown high school.

The award, a $100 savings bond, was
accompanied by a certificate which
reads: “Given this day, 26 June 1962,
to Glenda Van Hoy for excellence in
educational achievements.” Miss Van
Hoy was the 1962 winner.

Asked why he gives the award Ser-
geant Adams said, “I conceived this
idea while on recruiting duty working
closely with high school principals and
students. Koowing that awards riven in

the Air Force make better airmen, |
decided { tart. 2‘ 1 con ‘y in
ti hij h . nol
221 i \; + SEPT hye .
in obtaining an adequate edneation, Hi
5s entolled at Brevard Junior College
slucving olectronics four nights a week
sturting wext yeu he will present
ri toa t muistanding :
v >t if hh § ' he
Patrick ¢ i he

:

.

*

y

'

’

. ree.”

- ¢°

45
te
>

‘ >

+
i hy

AFSWC artist Mo}. Paul Rominger works o1
querque home. Here he uses binck velvet ip
ofiicer, who was a World War Two prisoner :
of the AFSWC deputy chief of staff for plans

aid At
Biometrics Chief Named
For PL 313 Appointment

Dur
Rois

opera

Advancement from the grade of Pons
GS-15 to an appointive position under velope
Public Law 313 became effective re- OFF

ing ar

open

cently for M. Bryan Danford, Ph.D.,
who heads the biometrics department

of the biosystems research division, retires
School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks Ar
APB. pleted

The son of Mr. and Mrs, Fred Dan- since
ford of Buffalo, Tex,, Dr. Danford, 39, years

> . Th, _
received an M. A. degree in mathe- SUD jes
. . ow. oa
mutics from the University of Texas, Eskin
Austin, in 1948. A former Navy licu- His

tenant (junior grade), he obtained his and ¢
Ph.D. in experimental statistics from the scom
Greater niversity of North Carolina, Imos
Raleigh and Chapel Hill, in 1954, His Ont
last year’s work on his Ph. D. was car- artist
ried out under a fellow ship awarded to Air C
him by the Nationa! Science Founda- duty a
ton. ic
Vas st
first P
scener
In
and h
“most

i Her

for Ar
vurd

in m
,

\f

lune!

ARSC vice com nder, endorsed that i

organization os one well equipped to ;

enhance individual capubilities in oral Atle

expression. After the himeheon, Gen- fr

eral Mite? posed with Harry Gaber- ret

mm (ett), club president, and Ed

a*

iS, Tesi ne lousimn ister.

re And AF Aid
‘o Academic Top

tion certifying him for the degree.
the 43-vear-olul officer is quick to
vit that his Air Force service has
de his extensive education possible.
I've gone to school some three years
> a full time basis,” he observes.
Vhat industry would permit that?”
Colonel Bracha, who maintained high
sadentic averages throughout his scho-
tle progranis, says it is hard to iden-
'y the precise motivation behind his
‘cntless pursuit of Knowledge.
[ started out wanting to be a medi-
doctor,” he reflects, “Then I be
ne keenly interested in the sciences.
w | have degrees in management.
t I feel I have gotten what I really
nted—the opportunity to read and to
‘rn and to excell in some eld
If J] had started owt with a doctorate
rind,” he says, “l probably would
: been overwhelmed by the im-
nsity of the task. Burt the idea is
take first things first, to achieve one
tteau before reaching for the next.
think that’s the secret to any long-
age goal.”

Laster Sergeant William D, Adams, wct-
2 food’ service officer at Patrick AFB
wesents a $190 savings bond each year
o the outstanding senior in his home-
town, Jonesville, N.C.

Patrick Airman Has
Own Scholarship Plan

Master Sergeant William D. Adams
Patrick AFB recentiy cresenied, for
: fourth time, the Wiliam D Adams
mily Honor Student Aware, given

nually to the outstanding senior of
¢ sergeant’s hometown high school.
The award, a $100 savings bond, was
companied by a_ certificate which
Is; “Given this day, 26 June 1962,
Glenda Van Hoy for excellence in
cational achievements.” Miss Van
vy was the $962 winner.
Asked why he gives the award Ser-
mt Adams said, “Il conceived this
while on recruiting duty working
ly with high school principals and
dents, Koowing that awards given in
Air Forse make better airmen, |

| to start 4 ard competition if
b cathe!

int Adaris fs a strong believer
peer 3 ; *yatt ectuc non He

ural Juntos 4 Oflege
four nights a week
Starting ne\t year he will present the
J to the stutiding senior at the
Satellite Hieh Schaal located near

9 ‘ ‘
A A 1! :

' | .
Wing cicetronics

—

AFSWC artist Maj. Paul Rominger works on a new painting in his Albn-
querque home, Uere he uses black velvet instead of cunvas. The artistic
officer, who was a World War Iwo prisoner of war, is assigned to the staif
of the AFSWC deputy chief of staff for plans antl operations.

Biometrics Chief Named
For PL 313 Appointment

Advancement from the prade of
GS-15 16 an appointive position under
Public iow 313 became effective re-
cently for M. Bryan Danford, Ph.D.,
who heads the biometrics department
of the biosystems research division,
Schoc!l of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks
AFB.

he son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Dan-
ford of Bulkulo, Tex ma A Danford, 39,
received an M. A, degree in mathe-
matics from the University of Texas,
Austin. in 1948. A former Navy licu-
tenant (junior grade), he obtained his
Ph.D. in experimental statistics from the
Greater University of North Carolina,
Rale:zh and Chapel! Hill, in 1954, His
last }cur’s work on his Ph. D. was car-
ried out under a fellowship awarded to
him $y the National Science Founda-
tion.

AFSC. vice comine

oreunization as one well Leroy “al )
enbonce individual capabilities in oral
expression, After the luacheon, Gen-
eral Vfiitchell posed with 1] irs Cahber.
man fictt). chile president, und Fd

Straus, presiding Tonstimaster,

AFSWC Major ‘Brushes Un’

On His Artistic Talents

During duty hours, Maj. Paul E.
Rominger plays an important role in the
operation of the Air Force Special Wea-
pons Center’s nuclear research and de-
velopment mission.

Off duty, he is developing outstand-
ing artistic talent which, he hopes. will
open up new carcer opportunities after
retirement.

A meticulous craftsman, he has com-
pleted 20 oi! and bluck velvet paintines
since he started painting more than 10
years ago. They include a varicty of
subjects; everything from a tiger to an
Eskimo.

His work shows a mastery of detail
and color. His black velvet paintings
seein to have an inner life of their own,
almost glowing with luminosity.

One of the highlights of his life as an
artist was his painting of a new Alaskan
Air Command insignia when he was on
duty at Elmendorf AFB.

He picked up his first brush when he
was Stationed in Honolulu in 1951, His
first paintings were of the gaudy island
scenery

In Alaska, his technique improved
and he won the Anchorage art show's
“most popular” painting prize.

ASD Research Scientist

Earns Engineering PhD

Henry 8. Vetkoff, a research scieatiat
for Acronaurtical Systems Division, was
awarded a Doctor ot Philosaphy cevrec
in mechanical cagineering from the
Ohio State University recently,

A mative of Fort Wavoae

kof? heean his government view in
934 af Laneley FP: ' '
his ir! j i
,
+

lt rin ’ . wi
fi ‘f 1951 i mo
r . \ ry ’

aad |

Ts he ae

LO

—

Boolsirap Captain One OF 22

In Eglin Advanced R & D Class

by Mike Lucas

Kentucky farmboy to space-age
scientist since the close of World War
Ii. . . that’s the real life story of Capt.
Kenneth L, Abney @ student at Air
Proving Ground Center's experimental
research and development school.

The graduste school, unique to the
Air Force and operated at Eglin AFB
by Florida State University full-time
professors, was born three years ago
with only physics and mathematics stu-
denis carofled. It was so succesful that
an extensive course in “Management of
Research and Development Instualla-
tions” was added jast autumn.

lf his recruiter of 17 years ago had
stiggested that he would earn a master’s
degree in bus ness administration, Cap-
tain Ahney would have been skeptically
amused. The captain, now an celec-
tronics eogineer with Eglin’s 3208th
Test Group, bad enlisted with but one
year of high school.

The 22 students in his class, including
17 civilians with GS-13 ratings and up,
have been ab.oroing the know-how of
Professor Waino W. Suojanen, one of
the top research and development men
working with the Armed Services.

Among thought-provoking articles
written by the professor are ones bear-
ing tiles such as “Are Women Workers
Unpredictable?” and “Is Military Or-
ganization Really Better?” plus studies
on “Differing Motivations of White
Collar Werkers” and “Accounting
Theory and the Large Corporation.”

He points to a magazine article. It
asserts, “Every year 50,000 technical
journals covering the physical and life
sciences will be published along with
60,000 technical books and perhaps
100,000 research reports.”

“No nian cen read at that pace,”
Suojanen stresses. He leaves little doubt
that this is the Age of the Expert who
must depend upon other specialists. The
doctor constantly hammers home the
fact that technology is vital today, but
that quality management of men, ma-
terials, machines and money is even
more decisive

The Air Force cstimates it costs
$14,000 a year to send a scientist or
engineer to a& college campus. The
Eglin program, run on a lecture and

Coptiiia Kenneth L. Abney and Harold
Wise, his supervisor, pore over f bhie-
print rclating te Tracking Station No.
17 foils thuave attuned the reseurch

stn lopment sehool nt Eglin.

et ikw A »UST i962

seminar basis with outside speakers in
addition to Dr, Suojanen, cuts the ex-
pense to a mere seventh, or $2,000.

With the summer session recently
over, Captain Abney’s class is currently
engaged in the task of thesis research
and writing. The captain will explore
the management aspects of airborne in-
strumentation. Before oext April, the
students will spend some time on the
Tallahassee campus to fulfill residency
requirements.

Up-East ‘Hillbilly’
Adds To His Fame
On Florida Radio-TV

Airman William “Billy C" Cole
picked up a guitur at age 15 on a dare
and has been playing and singing ever
since. His rich, deep voice has won
him many honors, including eight tro-
phies.

Much of Bill's music is original, and
has been praised by professionals. He
has appeared on stage with a number
of professionals, including such nota-
bles as Don Gibson, Cuz Wilbur and
Grandpa Jones.

Although his hometown is in the
northeastern part of the US—-Batavia,
N. Y.—his specialty is country and
western style music,

During overseas assignments, “Billy
C” played most of the clubs in Goose
Bay, Labrador and Sondrestrom, Green-
land.

In 1958, as a leader of a western
bund calied the “Jet Strings.” he ap-
peared in the Air Force tilent contest
representing Duluth Municipal Airport
and Air Defense Command,

Now at Patrick AFB, Bill has per-
formed many times at the Comet Serv-
ice Club, He represented Patrick at the
AFSC talent contest finals in 1961 and
won second place. He won first place
in the Country-Wesiern category at
Patrick again this year, although his
duties didn't permit him to make the
trip to Edwards AFB for the AFSC

contest.

| s
ive

" _ .
Se Br
_ ee

Airman Billy Cole, in addition to being
a fine cntertuiner, is president of the
Comet Service Club

\ ath Weather Group observer at Put-

virmen’s Council,

rich APB, be is the futher of two sons.

CCMR Employees Selected
For Industrial College

Selection by the Air Force of a Chi-
cago civilian employee to attend the
nine month post-graduate program of
the Industrial College of the Armed
Forces was recently announced by Gen
B. A. Schriever, AFSC commander.

Peter FE. Giannini, 42, was tapped
for the high level military policy miuk-
ing course after competing with 15
nominees from six major commands
within the Air Force.

Giannini’s selection was concurrent
with his promotion to deputy chief of
the Chicago Air Force Contract Man-
agement District. In his new job he
will be responsible for administering
1,500 Air Force procurement contracts
in upper Tilinois and Iowa with a face
value of over $700 million in ballistic
missile components and electronic com-
munications equipment

Giannini has been an Air Force
civilian employee since his graduation
from the Illinois Institute of Technology
in 1941.

Peter Giannini

syste
TO}
hydr

and
tude
grad
he t
mon
im-tr.
ing !
H
USC
com}
Li
Univ
celvi
neeri
He
ward
prese
bran.
gine.
com;
acros
Lic
stuctic
sprin
his
Tw
their
gram

Study at Graduate
Level 2. .

Pay &
| Allowances .. .

allowances
Study Group.

‘Accent On Peo ple

24 highly qualified
pursue stucly
Will conduc
time receive

ut the
stucdie
ful! p

All actions pertaini:s

rrent
See

-*

receive final report
watch on this one

Technical

Competence... trained ¢

sponsored
by Navy
AFMDC,
Sponsor
System...

ri Fea

Career

‘ . “~. '
lotivalion. a ”

Promotions . . .

——EEE

275 AFSC

'
+

Headquarters
bers of Junior ©!

SPONSOF 5) ster

civini

-
Ved

ir
sre

CCMRE

(yh

One OF 22
2&D Class

if basis with outside speakers in
” to Dr. Suojanen, cuts the cx-
io @ mere seventh, or $2,000,
th the summer session recently
Captain Abney’s class is currently
st in the task of thesis research
writing. The captain will explore
nagement aspects of airborne in-
entation. Before next April, the
its Will spend some time on the
‘ssee campus to fulfill residency
ments

Up-East ‘Hillbiily’
Adds To His Fame
Jn Florida Radio-TV

rnan William “Billy C” Cole
d up a guilar at age {3 on a dare
has beea playing and s ging ever

His rich, deep volce has won
nany honors, including eight tro-

ich of Bill's music is

‘cen praised by profes
npeared on stage with a number
~vofessionals, including such nota-
as Don Gibson, Cuz Wilbur and

ndpa Jones,
though his hometown is in the
i Batavia,

sastern part of the U>
his speciolty is country and

‘nm style music.

ginal, and
onals, He

" caf = te “TT
ne OVers2is uss tS. Billy

. piaved most of the ciucs tin Goose
ubrador and Sendrestrom. Green-
1958, as a leader of a western

xd called the “Set Strings.” he ap-

ed in the Air Force talent contest
senting Duluth Mun‘cipal Airport
Air Defense Commarc
‘ow at Patrick AFB, Bil has per-
ed many times at the Comet Serv-
Club. He represented Patrick at the
3C talent contest finals in 1961 and
ccond place. He won first place
the Country-Western category al
ick again this year though his
didn’t permit hi > make the
to Edwards AFB tor the AFSC

Ps

in addition to being

nun Billy Cole,
ne entertainer, is president of the
vet Service Club Afrmen’s Council.

i ither Group observer at Pal.
LPR, be is Uw father of Ovo sons,

CCMR Employees Selected
For Industrial College

Selection by the Air Force of a Chi-
cago civilian employee to attend the
nine month post-graduate program of
the Industrial College of the Armed
Forces was recently announced by Gen
B. A. Schriever, AFSC commander.

Peter F. Giannini, 42, was tapped
for the high level military policy mak-
ing course after competing with 15
nominees from six major conimands
within the Air Force.

Giannini's selection was concurrent
with his promotion to deputy chief of
the Chicago Air Force Contract Man-
agement District. In his new job he
will be responsible for administering
1,509 Air Force procurement contracts
in upper Illinois and lows with a face
value of over $700 million in ballistic
missile components and electronic com-
munications equipment.

Giannini has been an Air Force
civilian employee since his graduation
from the Illinois Institute of Technology
in 1941.

Peter Giannini

Two At Edwards AF
Achieve MS Degrees
In Off Duty Studies

Lieutenants Timathy H. Fine and
Yonald A. ¢ ross of Edwards AFB re-
cently received their master’s degrees in
engineering through the on-base gradu
ate study program conducted by the
University of Southern California
The officers, who carned their de
grees through off-duty studies, were pre-
sented diplomas at USC
Licutenant Fine received a degree in
Licutenunt

haniceal

recently

electrical engineering and
Cross received a degree in me
enginecring
Licutenant Fine is
6593rd Test Group (Development) as

instrumentation engineer in the dita

assigned to the

systems section where he ts working on
Project Scorpio (liquid oxvgen-liquid
hydrogen rocket engine development)
and the Ultra Low program thigh alti-
tude spnce engine development). <A
graduate of the University of Virgini

he is presently certified by the Com-
monwealth of Virginia 2s an engineer
in-training for the professional engineer
ing license.

He started his studies with the base

JSC program in the fall of 1959 and
completed 33 hours of graduate work.

Licutenant Cross graduated from the
University of Oklahoma in 1959, re-
ceiving a degree in aeronautical engi-
neering.

He reported for active duty at Ed-
wards in July of that year and ts
presently assigned to the flight research
branch as an aeronautical research en
gineecr, performing analytical and analog
computer research on the dynamics of
aerospace yehicle systems.

Lieutenant Cross began his graduate
studies in the USC prograra in the
spring semester of 1959-60, receiving
his degree after 242 semesters

Twenty-one have
their master’s degrees through this pro-

>

gram since its inception in 1952.

persons received

Study at Graduate

Level _ * *

Study

Technical

. So a ..
Competence ae train thi

Promotions i’ ve’ ce

— 2 o- --e- oe ee —-—« -- os eee

sponsored b;

‘Accent On People’ Highlights

24 highly qualified civilians have been selected to
pursue study at the graduate level in FY 1963--

will conduct studies in leading untversitics—same

time receive full pay and allowances
Pay & All actions pertaining to miliary compensation inal
~< ‘ r : - tay meMET Gh “rigt ‘ Te)
. nlliowance eatly wil onsicdere hb DOD
Allowances .. . llowances currently being cons! y bul

CGiroup.
receive final report by 30 Oct 62. Will keep clo
watch on this one,

275 AFSC civilian and military persoancl will be

Secretary of Defense scheduled to

year in
the Navy. Courses to be conducts

by Navy instructors at AFSC i Nutions-—ASP
AEMDC, CCMR—no tuition cost to Air 1] |
Sponsor feadaquarters career advisor calling ftorethy ' _
bers of Junior Officer Cor es to es ite the
Syslem .. «
. SPONSOT s&s stem Object: tao win vt whup
practices throughout command
(- rere? At yf Chitcet f ‘ i’ ' i .
ae ' ‘ | ' is |
Votivation. .. ‘ , 1 rs |
iyi wre ' 1 t

ee gee

es

—

——

—

. DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR Min.
) STAPE SARSGAGE Daeeeeeri
UNCLAS Se MeseGE
INCOMING : i a:
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AF IN: 27831 (13 May 62) R/ab . :

ACTTON: SAFS-3 ( 4}
SB A B37

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Fil NASA WEWTERN OPERATION S OFFICE SANTA MONICA CALIF
TO SaArOIS SB MAJ ARLINGTON VA
NASA GRNC

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SA GANTAY MONICA

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UNCLAS SGD STAN MILLER INFORMATION OFFICE

RE YOUR MESSAGE TO IRON, FOR THE RECORD, STAN HILLERD
REPEAT DID NOT SHOW X=15 FLIGHT FILM. PHLOL
FILM IN CONNECTION WITH PUBLIC PRESENATIO oi Sy -Mocnan
BT

12/1991 MAY RJEZHA

JALKER AHOWED

ECMR Employee Given Too Award
ror Work In Scouting Activities

An employee of the Hartford, Conn.,
Air Force Contract Management Ojfice
has been given national recognition for
outstanding service to the Boy Scouts of
America.

The highest award any Boy Scout
Council can present to an adult for dis-
tinguishal service, the Silver Beaver,

has been presented to Charles B. Joha-
SO, assistant ch.ef of quality contro! at
Hartterd.

The award was official recognition of
Johason’s long and outstanding career
of dedication to the youth of America.
Over the past 15 years, he has served as
cud master, scout master, neighborhood
commissioner, istrict commissioner and
district chairman. At present he is
chairman of the Manitick District of
Connecticut, a member of the district
and council training staff, and an active
participant on the health and safety,
and scout advancement commiitters

Johnson spends most of his free time,
including his annual leave, striving to
make hetier citirens out of the young
peopic he works “ith. Each year he
spends two weeks as 2 waterfront in-
structor at the Gir: Sceur and Boy Scout
aquatic camp. The scouts are expertly
schooled in water safety, swimming, life
saving, boating, canceing and sailing.

Within the greater Hartford area he
runs courses for the American National!
Red Cross in water sufety, boating
safety and first aid. The crippled and
blind children of the area benefit greatly
from @ special 12 weekend training pro-
gram in which he conducts therapy and
teaches swimming.

Gone of the highlights of Johnson's
scouting career was the Pioneer Trek
he conducted lest surumer.
ized and led uw group of 36 scouts and

explorers on a 21-day trip from Hart-

He organ-

ect tay €. i.) on, N. A
_ j r< ; a1
’ : ;
'
_ i S ' } '
f 8 1 4 Nir force A
‘tf ' ba the Air J
’ he
i bat I toy Othe l J
'? Sewi
‘ +
\” Al ' ‘ t ti’
' ’
:
- ‘

three days prior to an actual flight. The
cadets put on a special physical fitness
display and conducted a parade for the
scouts,

At their destination, the Philmont
scout Range at Cimarron—127,000
acres of rugged country on the siopes
of the Sangre de Cristo Range of the
great Rocky Mountain Chain—the boys
put to use their scouting skills as they
emulated their American pioneer fore-
fathers by living off the wilderness with
their belongings on their backs.

They hiked some 150 miles through
the land of Kit Carson and the Indians
to the great peaks of the Rocky Moun-
tains. As their leader, Johnson's respon-
sibilities were heavy. Yet the whole trip
was completed without trouble of any
kind.

Johnson Locks,

lives in Windsor

Conn., with his wife, Inez, and their
two children, John, 15, and Mary, 13.
The whole family is interested in out-
door activities and the children are
active scouts.

Master Sergeant J. H. Woodard
(right) accepts congratulations of Col.

W. 8. Cleveland, Ale Force Missile
Development Center deputy com-
mander, Sergeant Woodard, a Hollo-
man AFB first sergeant, recently earned
the Commandant’s Award at the AFSC
Senior NCO Academy.

First woman from the Air Force Missile
Developmeat Center to graduate Frow
the “Economics of National Security”
correspondence course is Gertrude MI.

Snyder (eft) receiving her d ploora
e . . os *. ** *
from t.4. Col. Michael J. “4, di-
ous eum + — ; solar

sae 7 ’ e! : > : ~ ri

Ae SIDC. The
is couducted by the tnilosteial Cotleve
of the Armed Porces Correspoi dence
Division, Washington, DPD. CC. iiss

Sovdert has been a civilian emplovee at

micCnsNve Sears tSt

e ~ + i Pe
folloman sinve 1947, She as puliica-
tions maonueer in the affice of walatais-

trative Services,

ASD Man Earns Award
For {FF Systems Work

Robert W. Stanford, of the Directo-
rate of Operational Support Ensincer-
ing, Aeronautical Systems Division,
recently received a special act or serv-
ice award of $300. The award was
presented to him for his work on the
Mark X identification friend or foe
(IFF) system.

Stanford was one of two representa-
tives for the Air Force at a series of
technical meetings lasting 18 months.

At the conclusion of the meetings,
the “Setrin Fix,” developed by Mort
Setrin, Rome Air Development Center,
was accepted for Canadian-United
Kinedom-Unitedl States military and
civil IFF systems. This system was
chosen over a number of other inter-
national proposals

Stanford also has been recommenced
for the Exceptional Civilian Service
Award for his part in obtaining joint
agreement on military characteristics of
the IFF system. He was instrumental
in showing conference members that
the “Sctrin Fix" could be easily engi-
necred into USAF airborne sets.

An electronics engineer in the tele-
communications branch, he started his
career at ASD in 1944 as 2 chief engi-
necring aide in the Aircraft Radio Lab-
oratory.

Former assistant to the vice commander
of AFSC, Col. Thomas P. Corwin is
decorated by Gen. B. A. Schriever,
AFSC commander. Before Colonel Cor-
win left AFSC for duty as vice com-
mander of the Air Force Accounting
oad Finance Center, he was awarded an
Oak Leaf Cluster to his Legion of
Merit.

Squadron Leader Peter R. Maste Ueft)
an i r ito Acre I I

Ssastems Division's Reconnaissance Lah-
raturm. has been named a member of
the Most baxcelfeat Order of the British
hlizabeth I, The

the first of four steps

Empire by Queen

avard, which is

' ne fo Katghthood, was received by
? fron I ‘ I award a Curran,

ler
wisn at ASD), hast vear,

“ “<1

Lich
recen}
Junior
Aware
Inforn
or nich

Lact
unde:
Accon
Under!
ments

Ciet
mand
ant R
has tn
tingui
books
the Ai

Liet
Cana‘
Doub!
The b
day §
distrih
has cr
other
be pul

wi
said, *
the rai
I con
creatiy
Strate
for yc
tion ¢

R

The
Safety
safety
ment

RA
accide
1958

The

evelc
sive fi
tinent:

RA
fiy 13
Strato
Conv:
heed
DeHa

2TI=«

. ‘

3
’. « S
: ta
pos
ames
5s, 7 ,

+ tje
77 ree?
ment

,

\ ie

,
of ite

ivan Too Award
aling Activites

ires days prior to an actual fight. The
adgts put on a special physical fitness
inlay and conducted a parade for the
OLS,

At their destination, the Philmont
‘aut Range at Cimarron—-127,000
res Of rugged country on the slopes
' the Sangre de Cristo Range of the
eat Rocky Mountain Chain—the boys
ut to use their scouting skills as they
wilated their American pioneer fore-
thers by living off the wilderness with
tir belongings on their backs.

They hiked some 150 miles through
> land of Kut Carson and the Indians
the great peaks of the Rocky Moun-
ins. As their leader, Johnson's respon-
ilities were heavy. ¥ se whole trip

completed without trouble of any

tad,

lohnson lives in W nadsor Locks,
man., with his wife. Inez, and their
o children, John, i5. and Mary, 13.
he whole family is interested in out-
“or activities and the children are
ive scouts.

;

tuster Sergeant J. H. Woodard
nt) accepls congratulations of Col,
¥. UL. Cleveland, Atr Force Missile
. Development Center deputy com-
) oander, Sergeant Woodard, a Hollo-
vat AFB first sergeant, recently earned
‘se Commandant’s Award at the AFSC
‘cnior NCO Academy,

* ‘
“?

| woman from the Air Force Missile
velopment Center to graduate from
“Feonumics of Nutional Security”
cospondence course is Gertrude M.

der tleft) receiving her da ploma

1 £¢t. Col. lichael J. Burchiert, cdi-
af s“lministrntive survices ut
ip, The intensive year’s course
wiucred bys the Tadustrial Coilege

the Armed Forees Correspondence
inion, Washiagton, {), rf. NJiss
der has been u civilian employee at

i since 1947, She is publica-
| ;

AL PATS! 4a, mb tae obice tr) miitiine

ASD Man Earns Award
For IFF Systems Work

Robert W. Stanford, of the Directo-
rate of Operational Support Engineer-
ing, Acronautical Systems Division,
recently received a special act or serv-
ice award of $300. The award was
presented to him for his work on the
Mark X identification friend or foe
(IF F) system.

Stanford was one of two representa-
tives for the Air Force at a series of
technical meetings lusting 18 months,

At the conclusion of the meetings.
the “Setrin Fix,” developed by Mort
Setrin, Rome Air Development Center,
was accepted for Canadian-United
Kingdom-United States military and
civil IFF systems. This system was
chosen over 2 number of other tnter-
national proposals.

Stanford also has been recommended
for the Fxceptional Civilian Service
Award for his port in obtaining joint
agreement on military characteristics of
the IFF systen:. He was instrumental
in showing conference members that
the “Setrin Fix” could be casily engi-
neered into USAF airborne sets.

An electronics engineer in the tele-
corimunications branch, he started his
career at ASD in 1944 as a chief engi-
neering aide in the Aircraft Radio Lab-
oratory.

rT
’

Former assistant to the vice commander
of AFSC, Col. Thomas P. Corwin is
decorated by Gen. B. A. Schriever,
AFSC commaniler, Before Colonel Cor-
win left AFSC for duty as vice com-
mander of the Air Force Accounting
and Finance Center, he was awarded an
Oak Leaf Cluster to his Legion of
Merit.

Sy sienys
oruiory, tas
the Most Excellent Order of the Ueritish
Kinpire by Queen Ellyabeth U1, he
+) vurd, which ii the first of fou Steps
lending to Knighthood, was received ty
Squadron Leailer Edward 1. Curran,
siso nt ASD, last ven

Patrick Officer Cited
os

ror Authoring Books
On Space Capability

Lieutenant Walter M. Ryland [Tl was
recently honored with the AFSC
Junior Officer Noteworthy Achievement
Award. He is assigned to the Office of
Information, Air Force Missile Test
Center.

Licutenant Ryland was nominated
under the Junior Officer Noteworthy
Accomplishment Program which was
undertaken to recognize the accomplish-
ments of young officers in AFSC,

Gencral B. A. Schriever, AFSC com-
mander, in » personal lctter to Licuten-
ant Rylind, wrote: “Your commander
has informed me that you recently dis-
tinguished yourself by writing two
books on missile and space activities at
the Air Force Missile Test Center m

Licutenant Ryland’s first book, “Cape
Canaveral,” was published by Nelson
Doubleday, Inc., Garden City, N. Y.
The book was accepted by the Double-
day Science Program bovok club and
distributed to its 100.000 members. He
haus completed the manuscript of an-
other book, “Downranee.” which will
be published under the same program.

“These two books,” General Schriever
said, “provide a strong contribution to
the mission for military space capability.
I commend you for the outstanding
creative and executive abilities demon-
strated in composing these works and
for your exceptional ability and dedica-
tion evidenced in their publication.”

RADC Wins Safety Award

The Air Force has awarded a Flying
Safety Plaque, one of its highest flying
sufety awards, to Rorne Air Develop-
ment Center.

RADC compiled more than 23,600
accident free fiying hours from July 1,
1958 through Dec. 31, 1961.

The center's electronics research and
development operations require exten-
sive flying, much of it to other con-
tinents.

RADC currently has 22 pilots. They
fly 13 aircraft, including Boeing KC-135
Stratotankers, Martin B-57s, twin-engine
Convair C-13!s, Douglas C-47s, Lock-
heed T-33 Shooting Stars, and lnison
DeHavilland L-20 Beavers.

weet

f

HH
tei teey

:

eee

io in Air ne ¢

’ ’ 1! >. ii .

" | TP, i '

Hnecrin’ Devel

ment foes joy to reporting to th
Veudeny (en i NOLES orien
of the US Military Academy fn 1934
Hiscussed ca ith 7
ai the ’ york ing don
Arn ii FA y Pri . rors

-_-—-

————

Four Commands Cijed

For Savings Program
As ‘Money Tree’ Ends

Four major commands were pre-
sented wwards on July 12 by Gen. Cur-
tis E. LeMay, Air Force chief of staif,
at a Pentagon ceremony which officially
closed project “Money Tree.” Gen.
Mark E. Bradley was awarded the Dis-
tinguished Service Medal for his part
in the program, which resulted in
savirgs of more than $100 million on
everycay Air Force maintenance and
Management operations.

The winners of the top awards were
the Strategic Air Command, Airc De-
ferse Command, Air Training Com-
mend and the Alsskan Air Defense
Command.

The net savings to the Air Force
tencter the program, initiated by General
Bradley in Nover 1960 when he
was deputy chief of staff for systems
and logistics, will not be known until
& final summation is completed by Air
Force fiscal cTictals.

While the immediate savings were
announced as “more than $100 mil-
lion,” Air Forse systems and logistics
officials said the long-range results will
be considerably higher with a “potential
saving of a half billion dollars.”

“Money Tree” was implemented to
eliminate duplication, increase work
efficiency and reduce the cost of maiz-
taining the bithty diversified Air Force
Operation. Voie it preceded by several!

months a similar project put into effect
by the Department of Defense, it fol-

lowed the presents of the DOD econ-
omy and good management program
while the two were being conducied
concurrently.

defense Secretary Robert S. McNa-
mara recentiy reported to the President
that the DOD program resulted in sub-
stantial savings in all areas of Defense
. Operations.

The “Money

Tree” program made
the American taxpayer a big winner
ecause of the windfall resulting from
improved management in all areas of
Air Force operation, (AFNS)

: , ; R
‘ieadguarters bowling champs, The Trainers, recently macked their thied

gue championship in four sears ut conclusion of the bowling season.
vrombers of the Education and Training Section team receiving trophies

from Maj, Gen, Clyde H. Mitchell, APSC vice commander, are Crom left)

’

. Ottaw Fulton, SVISei,

i¢ tpluin,

Arot MEWS) REVIEW, AUGUST 1942

am Yost, Lt. Col, Maurice DeSchepper, and Ts

Air Force Commandos
To Helo Train Allies

Acrial counterinsurgency, the tough
training program underway at Hurlburt
Field, Fla., for the Air Force’s 4400th
Conibat Training Squadron, will be
used principally to benefit commando
units of the allied nations of the free
world,

The mission of the Air Force's com-
mandos is not to engage actively in
conilict but to instruct allied air crews
in all phases of werial counterinsurgency

missions and tactics, as well as the
techniques of aerial counterguerrilla
warfare.

Training in low level troop and sup-
ply drops, close air support, interdiction
raids and night detection techniques
ure among the things to be imparied to
airmen of allied nations by the USAF
air commandos.

Although principles and techniques
used by both ground and air com-
mandos are alike, the newly-formed
air commandos at Hurlburt Field will
make greater use of air operations.

Upon completion of their training,
the Air Force commandos will help
train commandus of allied nations to
develop units of their own.

chien bt El ake
on

Young bowling champions (from left) Eddit
wl children of Col. Harold A. Armoid, spe
judge advocate. Eddie, a little league short
his first bowling trophy this year. Harold,
pitcher, has won seven bowling trophies ia
who has also bowled for about three years,

Conclusion of the San Diego Contract Management District bowling season
saw the “One Arm Bandits” emerge as the top team. From Ieft are Don
Lauder, Renee Sciarra, Frank Cable, Ruth Ward and Charles Colson.
Individual trophies were presented at a season's end bowling banquet.

Leading, Capt. Sumuel folly, Capt.
iSvt. Lawcence Romfield,

f
4

Winner of the Indianapolis Star’s 11th
Annual Bat Boy Contest, Don Fitrpat.
cick (loft) grins proudly as Siar’s spoct
editor, Jep Cadou Jr, presents him with
Mian Sebue
macher, general muoaper of the Dadian.
apolis Tadians, looks on. Don, the son
of Central Contract Management Re
Russell Ty Fitzpatrick, ceceived
# S300 colleue scholarship fram the

wn enerauved Wristwatk h.

i 17
+*' »

Jivdians.

New
Won
Ath
pres
Dore
Bear

roam
oe
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>

5

— 7

— 7

‘ir Force Commandos

“ . 7
‘o Helo Train Ailies

ial counterinsurgency, the tough
if program underway at Hurlburt
Fls., for the Aic Force’s 4400th
i Training Squadron, will be
principally to benefit commando
the allied nutions of the free

St a HH te
5 ES ee eRe ee
— Se ee ee ere

inission of the Air Force's com-
is not to engage actively in
but to instruct allied air crews
phases of aerial counterinsurgency
s of and tictics, as well as the
) ques of aerial counterguerrilla

in low level troop and sup-

‘ps, close air support, interdiction

wme
VS

id night detection techniques
mig the things to be imparted to
of allied nations by the USAF

imandos,

ough principles and techniques 4
by both ground and air com-

% are alike, the newiy-formed
mandos at Hurlburt Field will
"reater use of air Operations.

completion of their training,

——— ee ae ee

Young bowling champions (from left) Eddie, Harold, Jr., and Carolyn are
all children of Col. Haroid A. Armold, special assistant to the AIPSC stoff

eo?

ir Foree comma
romandos of a!

)

AN helo judge advocate, Eddie, a little league shortstop and second baseman, won
im

yaa

Ty
aa -~ Af “4
we nmawons to

his first bowling trophy this year. Harold, a jeaior high school baseball
pitcher, has won seven howling trophies in three years of play. Carolyn,
who has also bowled for about three yeors, hus ioken five trophies.

a

|
bo
- ’ wo? FS Pe are ; We tlthen ‘7!
vs re 1 Ole sii
ui ilaaer ~~ 3~,

onelusion of the San Diego Contract Management District bowling season Lt, ee P $

the “One Arm Bandits” c:nerge as the top team, From left are Don New officers of the Muroc Lake
tider, Renee Scisrra, Frank Cable, Ruth Ward and Charles Colson, Woman's Golf Association at Edwards
lividual trophies were presented at a season's end bowling banquet. AFE are (from left) Sean Archer, vice

president; Jean Robbins, secretary
Dorothy Clark, treasurer; and Jackie
Bear, president.

\
ee”
J
’
'
'
’
i
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. “ys a. ° ‘
3 Winner of the Indianapolis Star’s Ifth
Anouat Bat Boy Contest, Doa Titypat-
rict Cis ft) rrHayS moiety is 5 rs ‘ ‘"
editor, Jep {"; cou jf. presents Thien with
nily wurhed their third an cugruved wristwatch. Aiax Schiu.- Olficers Vrives Ctl }, MS Celery
ou OF the bowling stuson, muacher, general manucer of the Dadi. Ale borce special Vieapous Center pose
sn team receiving trophies upolis Indians, louks on, Don, the son with trophies presented ul ou recont
‘comnonmder, are from left) of Central Contract Manoneement RKe- lunchean ‘pring | ou wweN uae
Cop, Samael Jolly, Capt, siow’s Russell T. Filzpatrick, received (fram fclt) Mlacy Steper, SRI Take.
i) tSot. Luwrence Roaoheld, nu S400 vcollepe scholarship fram ihe act rib Me ieted, wot pre? '
Tiacions. Livale Nhe

SOCIAL SIDE

57 lady Volunteers Lauded For
Hosoital Red Cross Service

Capping and recognition ceremonies
for Red Cross volunteers at the USAF
Hospiti i] Lackland were recently heid
in the hospital auditorium,

Twenty-one Gray Ladies and Youth
Stafl Aides received caps marking the
end of their training period and 36
workers received service awards.

Principal speaker for the occasion
was Brig, Gen, James W. Humphreys,
Jr., hospital commander. The capping
was performed by Lt. Col. Mary T.
Gates, chief, clinics nursing service.

Among those honored were five
mother- daughter teams of volunteers
They are Mrs. Richard P. Klocko and
Miss Kerry Kiocko, Mrs. Oakley K.
Park and Miss Czerelyn Park, Mrs.
Robert J. Woe!lverton and Miss Eliza-
beth Woolverten, Mrs. Victor J.
Stuchniewicz and Miss Colline Stach-
niewiez, Mrs. Thomas EF, Todd and
Miss Patricia Todd.

Caps were presented to Misses Trudy
F. Auvil, Josephine Bayer, Anita L.
Boisvert, Sylvia De ia Garza, Patricia
Dulevitz, Carolyn Park, Marcy Flem-
ing, Molly Ficming, Lois Gilbert,
Joanne Haselden, Charlene Hey, Steilsa
L. Mickey, Rosalyn Paulson, Bonnie
Sherrod, Colline Stachniewicz, Linda
Vurela, Alana J, White, Ann C. Wil-
liams and Margaret Dean; and Mes-
dames James A. Boyd and Harvey R.
Motley,

Service awards went to Mesdames
William H. Beaber, Thurman A. Glas-
gow, Lena Hierstein, Sidney H. Luther,
Harold Norris, William A. Woodie and
Robert J. Woo'verton; Misses Donna
Bievins, Sharron M. Boothe, Donna
Connally, Bernice Dickson, Barbara A.
Faulkner, Mary L. Garcia, Eileen M.
Gilbert, Rose M. Gonzales, Haidy
Guerrero, Barbara J, Haddock, Anita
lL. Henderson, Chery! Kent, Connie
Kentner, Kerry Klocko, Stacy Klutz,
Rosemary Ledzgerwood, Peggy A. Mz-
loney, Donna L. Menefce, Stephanie
Monk, Barbara J Nicholl, Cynthia I.
Oswalt, Hedy Polski, Joan Marie
Shand, Alice Elaine Stuart, Christie A.
Sullivan, Patricia fous, Geraldine
Trimble, Patrici2 A. Walden and Eliza-
beth Woolverton

YA Child Benefit
Sacts Available

The Veterans Administration has put
out a reminder for your reference file
on the leval definition of “orphan”
and what it can meen in college edu-
cational benefits to your children.

The VA says that there are five
maior areas of misunderstanding which
koep cligible children from applying for
benefits rightfully theirs.

According to the VA, these misun

derstandings are:

1. The fact that one parent still lives
Maas me children believe they do
mn qualify as “orph: i

Por th i ort ttt) ee ’

fi! wh feran-parcnt is dead as
1 f ound ident oO i}f-
ness tributubl ta rvice in the
Arived Forces

2. 7 fact that dead parent
| ’ 7 ry PELAtAe’ hers

Mrs. John A, Denmark (left) receives
congratulations from Mrs. Joho Visher,
chairman of volunteers, South Grevard
County Chapter of the Red Cross,
following presentation of a 10-year serv-
ice bar. Mrs. Denmark hus put in more
than 1,700 hours of volunteer service.

Patrick Wives Club
Gives 4 Scholarshias

Four students recently received
scholarships totaling $1,150 from the
Patrick AFB Officers Wives Club,

Marilee Dunlap, daughter of MSzt.
and Mrs. Eltwyn B. Dunlap, received a
$400 scholarship. She plans to attend
Brigham Young University to major in
psychology.

Patricia Adams, duughter of MSzet.
and Mrs. William D. Adams, plans to
use her $200 grant to attend Brevard
Jr. College, majoring in journalisin.

Robert Larry Rhedes, son of SFC
Robert M. Rhodes and Mrs. John
O'Connor, will attend Florida State
University, and plans to apply his $400
gramt toward a degree in cither chemi-
cal or acronautical engineering.

Lorne Butler, son of TSgt. and Mrs.
William F. Butler, plans to use his $150
at the University of Florida where he
will study civil engineering.

Final selection for the scholarships
was made by Woodrew J. Darden,
superintendent of Brevard County
Schools, and a committee of educators.

Mrs. Anthony C, Benjes, Jr., base projects chairman (right), ojfers her con-
gratulations to four students who won Officers Wives Club scholarships at
Potrick AFB. They are (from left) Robert Rhodes, Marilee Duniap, Lorne

Butler, and Patricia Adams,

If the veteran-parent’s death resulted
from the performance of duty or from
extra-hazardous service during peace-
time, the child is cligible

3. The fact that they are married
makes some believe they are no longer
“children

Marriage does not affect eligibility.
Any son or daughter of a serviceman,
whose death is attributable to his serv-
ice, is eligible for the educational bene-
fits provided he or she is between 18 or
23 years of uge.

4. The fact that their living parent,
usually their mother, has remarried
and their step-father has legally adopted
them, makes some children believe they
are ineligible

The marriage of the living pa
the subsequent adoption does not affect
the eligibility of the children.

S. The fact that many children do
not wish, nor are prepared, for educa-
tion at the college level makes some
believe they cannot take advantage of
this benefit.

Although training for

rent and

hich school

diplomn 6s not pern !, eligible chil
dren may take voentional courses and
other non-college training that will help

thern carn a living

Che VA says it will be glad to spell

out the War Orphan Fducational Pro
trum, pontine tip that 47,500 children
An t y advantage of this program.

irs.

named
Patric!
Chip :
donate
area
childry
parent

J

The
Troup
eral C
Transy
ized o

Mei
Capt.
ageme
to en!
period
cral :
Progri

The
militar
with r
dustry

Int
memb
tation
and *%
Force

of ref

Recently elected officers of the Edwords A
(from left) Norma Douplas, president;
espondine seeretury; and Suily Se

Phillips, corr
recordins ° ecretary,

Ting hie

lauded For

‘s Service

hn A. Denmark (left) receives
vlations from irs. John risher,
on of volunteers, Soutna Brevard
Chapter of the Bed Cross,
! presentation of a lU-+ eur serv-
‘ties. Denmark has pui in more

200 hours of volunteer service.

Patrick Wives Club
Gives 4 Scholarships

Four students recently received
scholarships totaling $!,150 from the
Patrick AFB Officers Wives Club.

Marilee Dunlap, daughter of MSzt
and Mrs. Elilwyn B. Dunlap, received a
$400 scholarship. She plans to attend
Brigham Young University to major in
psychology.

Patricia Adams, daughter of MSopt.
and Mrs. William D, Adams, plans to
use her $200 grant to attend Brevard
Jr. College, majoring in journalism

Robert Larry Rhodes, son of SFC
Robert M. Rhodes and Mrs, John
O'Connor, will attend Florida State
University, and plans to apply his $400
grant toward a degree in either chemi-
cal or aeronautical engineering.

Lorne Butler, son of TSet. and Mrs,
William F. Butler, plans to use his $150
at the University of Florida where he
will study civil engincering.

Final selection for the scholarships
was made by Woodrow J. Darden,
superintendent of Brevard County
Schools, and a committee of educutors.

‘ies. Anthony C. Benjes, Ir.. base projects chairman (right), offers her con-

‘ulations to four students who woo Officers Wives Ciob scholarships at
dek AFB. They are (from left) Robert Rhodes, larilee Dunlap, Lorne

‘ter, and Patricia Adams.

; “ee ’ a mmartls
he veteran-parent’s Ceath resulte
‘he performance of duty or from
Mazurdous serv

ice during peace-

; *he ’ %; ‘

te child 15 cil 301 oe
R

; A pes a mbaeeiadl
he fuct that they are Tied
some believe they are o ager
e LA
rt.
rinve does not affect efizibtiry.
‘ , P e _
n or daughter of a se:
math is attributable t erve
iwible for the educatior: sere

vided he or she ts between 15 or

of age

fact that their living parent,
their mother, has reniarried
r step-father has legally adopted
ikes some children believe they

ty

irriage of the living parent and
guent adoption does not affect
ntity of the children

fact that many children do
nor are prepared, for educa-

the college level nmkes some
they can tuke advantage of
ri ior a hiueh | y|
”s | 1; " ! |

per
. tional courses { cd
thar will help

living
Lsavs tr will be ghid to spell
Wrur | 17 ore! icutiona! Pro
mntine tio PSHO children

of this prog

Recently elected officers of the Edw:
(from left) Nerma Douglas, president;

Pr! Hips, correspon aay secret ir’

a?

recording irs

Mrs. Dole D. Thorozate,

recently
named Family Services coordinator at

Patrick AFB reads to her children,
Chip and Catiy, from one of the books
donated for the FS play areu. The play
areca is being established to provide
children “de-energiving” activity while
parents sign in at Patrick.

Joined For Disaster Aid

Through cfforis of a civic-minded
group at Patrick AFB, the Cape Canav-
era] Chapter of the National Defense
Transportation Association was organ-
ized on Oct. 13, 1960,

Members of the group headed by
Capt. Jean P. Feigenbaum, traffic man-
agement section chief, banded together
to enhance prompt assistance in any
period of disaster affecting the Canav-
eral areca or the National Defense
Program. i

The chapter is made up cf Patrick
military and civilian personnel slong
with members of the transportation in-
dustry.

In the event of a disaster the NDTA
members will coordinate al! transpor-
tation agencies, Motor, Rail, Bus, Air
and Vans in conjunction with the Air
Force and Red Cross in the cvacuation

of refugees.

~

——-

’
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ris AFB Officers Wives Club nre
| oki r { Vit | . h atti Lie
v Ss er, treasucer, bran Patitio,

. ce i

AFSC MEWS REVIEW. AUGUST 7O¢ i

SPACE

Glenn Reports on Fligh

> THE ERILLIANT LIGHT from the
“hrebull!’ Astronout John EL Glean Jr. saw
window of hits
there than 1400 scientists
in Washington, Db. C,

showing the astronaut in

revealed

passing the space capsul
wis oy veal Ivy
it a syrmposium

\ color film,

his cavin during flight, clearly

pefles:: of the burning chanks of retro

f? hing off the Space capsule’s bewt
ihe astronaut’s silvery suit, his face, and

instruments around him in the cabin were

d over” with a bright orange glow
every time a chank went past the window.
The retropack is generally flung off the
heetshield after tts braking rockets have
been Ared. A faulty indicator had shown
: the heatshield might be louse behind

the astronaut and he was therefore com

trianded not to rel asc the ; tf pack, which
tugat help hold a loose shield onto

t o ow
the capsuls

However, Astronaut Glena sas not in

formaed during must of the Hight about the
Wleged “loose™ heatshield. During the
wing of the film, he sai! chat he be
li- 1 it tore advisable to kee the pilor
ted “on cach bit of information, rather
waiting for a final ch recom
Istien from the ground, suspected
" tions, such as the ! hbretro.
’ . ry
Che astronaut also showed color slides
d taken with his 35 millimeter camera

fram the pestle, The shots showed cloud
formations over the earth very ct arly. TT
U.S. Weather Bureau tid asked obeerva-
tiuns be included in the Me

to find if the height of clouds and the
different kinds of cloud formations
be determined from the space

The astronaut said the shadows on ch ucls|
on the side opposite from the sun helped!
to determine the height, and he reported
observing vartous kinds of cloud formations. |

The Weather Bureau is interested
improving the optical equipment of the
Tires and Nimbus weather  satellices
determine the he ight of clouds, The astro
mauit that from the information
gathered on his flight it is quite possible
to determine cloud heights from this ald
tude of trom 97 to 159 miles

His color slides revealed the white band
of sunlight at the alge of the carth which
is CXtrcin ly brighr at sunset. The bottom
layer of the band becumnes bright orange
un! fades into reds as the sun sets

The band of white sunlight could be
seen to face and become narrower toward
the poles. Above the bright halo of sun
light Was deep-Itire band and above that
the black sky. The astronaut said the light
vlong the horizon is for four to
five after sunset which he con
siders a long time since sunset occurred 15
times os fast as normal.

He told how dark shadows were cast
on the earth during sunset and pointed out
weather areas showing dark against the
white light from the sun.

The all thre pictures ot
the sunset after passing into the night sick
af thre sky, bk had haped li study anoarea

itt
tu

sic

4 Ff
Vrlinec

rithivies

astronaut took

close to the sun while above the eonnc
phere, but this would require a period of
clark iipiation prior to suirset,

An ¢ tch had been devel pel Feo
this purcpy It was to be held in place by
a taupe which unforauinately did nor work.
The pt mm! ad been for ti estrotiaut to

: . - :

se tke et without paatcls white mn

Caylight and to look with the dark dapted

. °
cve after ne prssod ite the dark Zonuc

still

if the ev patch can be mde to work

on the next trip, the astronaut may get
valuable information from studying oreas
close lo ¢! ' sun just a5 30 pas “he jes thre
horizon. It is also posible thar one of the
future astronauts in cw woman Genunt
capsule coull use a musk such as ts used
by pilots of high-flying aircraft to become
clur! A lapted, Which take sven to ten
minutes, The time ts dependent on th
vilanineA content i ' ve oad othe

general health of the }? fei

© Sclence News Lotter, 81:247 April Zi, 1962

ot
' tj wile.

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reury program

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ASTRONOMY

Sciexcy. News Lerren for April 28, 1962

X-15 tor Star Research

> ‘THE HIGH-PLYING research airplane,
the X-15, will be used as a platform for
stucdving the stars from above most of the
earth's atmosphere.

A new role for the X-15—a base for ex-
perimients in acronautical and space sciences
—was anucunced by the National Acronan-
tics ant Space Administration in Washing-
wna, DT, ©. Work on one of the primary
r Qjects, aN experin in ulteaviolet and
infrared photography of the strs, has
already started.

Scientists at the University of Wisconsin
are Cevising instrument: for stellar stucies
from attitudes above +) miles. Drs. A. D.
Code and T. EF. Hoveck plan to test current
theories pertaining to che origin and make-
vp of stars using the ultraviolet and infrared
photegraphs obmined from the high-flying
X-19. From the earth's surface, ultraviolet
ht is obscused by opheric ozone, but

X-15 can fy above this layer.

One advantage of the X-15 is that the
niveruft can be ortented to face the stars.
Another is that it can return and repeat the
experiment.

-—_

te
hy

coare

Instruments for the “star tracker” in-
clud= a gimballed platform coutaining four
cameras, to be mounted in the X-15 instru.
nientation bay behind the cockpit.

The new program for the X-15 is planned
to muke use of its ¢ ipabilitics for extremely
high speeds and altitudes beyond all but a
small fraction of the carth's atmosphere. Ix
adds nt least 35 flights tu the hedule sct
originally for X15 research and may take
two years to complete.

There will be a successor to the X-15. No
money has yet been allotted in the budget,
but plans for this year include completing
the study and design of the plane.

The plane, unnamed so far, is expected to
have a combination engine such as a turbo
rainu-rocket. It will be a non-airbreathing
engine that will have some ability to cruise,
which the X15 does not. The plane is
expected to be capable of flying higher and
faster than the X-15 which once achieved
a record height of 217,000 feer and a speed
of 4,000 miles an hour.

© Science News letter, 61:26) Apri! 28, 1962

—

Se ——————— x

landscape came alive with orange and
black antivircraft fire. A shell ripped
White’s engine to bits, spewing globs of
oil on the windscreen. Kecalls White:
“We were on the deck. When the tak
caught me, L jettisoned the canopy and
jumped. T felt the parachute shock an
instant before my feet hit the trees—
we were that low. That was my closest
call, ever.”

White spent 24 months in Nazi prison
camps. After the war, he came back home
and entered New York University as a
freshman, He no sowner had his degree
(electrical engineering) than the Korean
war broke out. He bad kept up his flying
in the Air Force Reserve. and in ro51 was
recalled to active duty. Though White
saw no combat in Korea, he decided to
stay in the Air Force, His cool, precise
flying won him two vears of experimental-
test-pilot training, Since t9s5, White has
checked out four hot jet fighters: the
F-S6K, F-8gH, F-102 and F-105B. The
105 nearly did him in. He was booming
along at 1,000 m.p.h. when a piece of the
intake duct broke of and shot through
the entire engine. “If it had torn up the
compressor,” he says now, “the whole
plane would have 5iown up.”

Most Serious. \Vhite drew the sought-

after X-15 assignment in 1958. When

Captain Iven Kincheloe died in an F-104
crash six month
to top Air Force pilot on the X-15—which
has been a flying test bed for developing
systems used in Project Mercury. From
une] ne trained intensively,
often flew jets on “chase” missions when
ther pilots were testing the X-15. Fi-
natiy, in April 1960. he took the X-15 up
for the first time. \

~~ *

ye

~
as
a

»

Vithin five months he
had flown it to its first world altitude
record (25.8 miles): since then he has
piloted the X-rs to half a dozen new
speed and altitude marks.

Less flamboyant than Fellow Test Pilot

ister, White moved up

Joe Walker (Time, May ¥1), White is
the most serious flyer in the X-15 group.
He and his pretty wife Doris live with
their three children ‘(one son, two daugh-
ters) in a three-bedroom house at Ed-
wards Air Force Base, four miles from the
green cement-block Night-operations cen-
ter where Whiie flies a desk when he
is not jockeying X-15s and jets. They
entertain only infrequently, take off for
the Los Angeles beaches every chance
they get.

New Mystery. After the sky-stabbing
record flight Iast week, four X-1 pilots
—White, Walker, North American's Scott
Crossfteld and Navy Commander For-
rest Petersen-~journeyed to Washington.
where President Kennedy gave them the
Robert J. Collier Trophy, presented an-
pually since ror for outstanding achieve-
ment in flight. But for White and his
fellow X-15 pilots. the greatest reward
for their work is the satisfaction of prob-
ing the mysteries inside the sky. In last
week's flight Bob White found a new mys-
tery for scientists to puzzle over: through
tne X-1r5’s thick left quartz window, he
saw a strange sight. “There are things out
tnere,” he said dramatically over his
vaice radio, “There absolutely is.” As
White later described one “thing”: “It
poked like a piece of paper the size of
‘y hand tumbling slowly outside the
ne. It was greyish in color, and about
39 to 40 feet away. I haven't any idea
hat it could be,” al

1
=
i++?
-*
3
ves

~~

THE ECONOMY

Process of Education

With President Kennedy already set on
& tax cut this year if he can get it, the
Administration last week moved to clear
some obstacles out of the way—or at least
to chart them carefully for future refer-
ence, While deliberately downplaying any
idea that the U.S. might be on the brink

YAS A

Mayox Waive wire Son Arrer tHe Fucut

TIME, JULY 27, 1942

. Th reae thine ‘Suit there

of another recession—a task that becomes
creasingly difficult as more disappointing
economic indicators come out—it began
the process of “educating” the Congress
and the people to the need for a tax cut.
The first lesson: public hearings on wheth-
er a cut is advisable now,

The Administration persuaded Wilbur
Mills, chairman of the House Ways and
Means Committee and a reluctant tax
cutter at best, to hold the hearings, which
are planned to start this week. Since Kea-
nedy has not yet come out publicly for a
fax cut—and may not until August, after
he has seen the economic figures for July
—no Government officials will appear at
the hearings. Instead, the hearings will
call economic specialists from the A.F.L.-
C.L.0., the U.S. Chamber of Commerce
and the Brookings Institution plus busi.
nessmen who have to meet payrolls and
are presumably more aware of a tax cuts
potential effect than Government econo-
mists. One invited witness: Federal Re-
serve Board Chairman William McChes-
ney Martin Jr,

Risky Tactic, To find out how Congress
now feels about a reduction, advocates
were busy quizzing Democratic members
on their altitude toward a quick $s bil-
lion to $7 billion cut that would include
both individual and corperate jnceme
taxes. Their tadings: somewhat nore than
half of the Senate’s 64 Democrats favor
such a cut, but only under a variety of
ill-detined conditions, As well as edu-
cating the public, the Mills hearings are
intended to overcome such congressional!
indecision,

The soundings also revealed a tendency
among some powerful congressional Dem-
ocrats to Oppose a tax cut unless it is ac-
companied by a reduction in the Govern-
ment's budget deficit—a deficit that final
figures released Inst week showed to be
$6.3 billion for fiscal 1962, That was $700
million less than Administration experts

15

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OHR CALLING LA 2361 GA OK
LA 2361-G 0 OK

THIS IS SAFOI LA GA PLS

THIS IS HART DID YOU USE THAT DOD NUMBER 104 THAT WE GAVE YOU OR THE
NASA FOOTAGE GA PLS
ON
THE FOOTAGE ON THE X-15 SPOTS WAS NOT USED BY THE POOL HERE IN LOS
ANGELES. THEY LOOKED AT THE FOOTAGE AND DECIDED AMONGST THEM THaT IT
WAS NOT OF SUFFICIENT QUALITY FOR TV VIEWING. HOWEVER THEY DID SHI
SHIP {7 TO NEW YORK IN CASE THE NEW YORK POOL FELT DIFFERENTLY ASOUT
IT. THEREFORE YOU SHOULD CHECK NEW YORK TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE
FOOTAGE WAS USED BY THE POOL. GA
OX THX OW CAN YOU GET ANOTHER PRINT OF THAT SaME FOOTAGE AND
HAVE IT SENT TO OUR PROJECT BLUE BOOK OFFICE IN WRIGHT PAT
THEY NE 25 IT FOR STUDY AND FILE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE GA PLS
YES LCOXOUT MOUNTAIN THE ORIGINAL AND IT WOULD BE BETTER IF WE SENT
WRIGHT PAT THE COLOR PRINT RATHER THAN BLACK AND WHITE WHICH TV GOG
GOT. IT MIGHT SHOW A LITTLE BIT MORE M. GA PLS
= THEN ILL JUST CONTACT LMT AND WORK OUT A DEAL WITH THEM THNX AND ARL
Out HERE
LO 24 MAYvT
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HR eee Syskms Ce pe OOF nets

Lams (TD-E)
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}

SPACE

*

Sevence News Lerren for May 26, 1%62

Glenn Effect Seen in 1954

New evidence from stereo pictures taken by rocket
eight years ago backs up theory that the glowing particles seen
by Astronaut Glenn were snow crystals, Tove Neville reports,

> A ROCKET shot into space eight years
ago has provided esitcnce that the glow.
ing particles Astronaut Jota H. Glenn Jer.
and Cosmonaut Gherman S$. Titov saw in
spuce may have been snow crystals.

Stereo photographs taken from a Viking
rocket launched in 1954 showed glowing
particles similar to those described by the
two space men. The particles appeared
every time the peroxide rocket jets, simi-
lac to these on Astronaut Glenn's capsule,
were fired.

The particles were determined to be
large snow crystals up to half an inch in
size. Lr. Col. Glens reported the particles
he saw varied fram the size of a pinhead
to three-eighths of an inch.

The difference in site could be accounted
for by the greater ammount of water vapor
ejected from the Viking control jets than
froin Astronaut Glena’s capsule jets. This
explanation was given to Sctexce Seavice
by Otto E. Berg, physicist at the Naval
Research Laboratory acd now at Goddard
Space Flight Center.

In support of the coservations made in
the day sky experiment, Mr. Berg has ob-
served that water droplets, when placed in
a vacuutn system that is purmped down to
a high vacuum will icceze and remain as
ice erystals for many minutes without evap-
orating or sublimating (curn to gas). This
proves water can turn to ice and exist as
ice im space.

At the time these unusal stereo photo-
graphs were made, Mr. Berg was conduct-
ing an experimens in a Viking rocket to
determine the brightness of the day sky
at high altitudes and to determine if clouds
of particles existed uf these high altitudes
as claimed by other cccker experimenters.

The photograph: “ere token by nvo
cameras, spaced a feut spurt, using red,
blue and polaroid Slrer. Some shots were
also made without Gers, be said. The
NRUL. scientists deterrmicec chat the bright.
ness of the sky at 135 pole was less than
50,000 times dimmer than at sea level.
Clonds of particles alleged to exist at this
altitude were not detected.

Scientists agree that Glenn's observations
of the glowing particles were accurate.
Snow crystals would have appeared as
bright yellowishgreen when the suntighe
shone through them. Gleon also believed
the firefly-like particles were saowflikes
when he first saw them. But, when he
tailed to produce snowilakes by workings
the thrusters of the capsule’s jets, he dis
carded the idea,

Astronuat Gleam eolatal fuecher that the
particles leaked white when close to the
caprale withew in the shade away from
hie’ sung. te notes! tye oh prrrtiches Were

six to ten feet apart and appeared to be
coming from the direction of the sun.
He saw particles on cach of the three
sunrises he saw on his orbital journey.
As the astronaut turned the capsule
around to look at the direction from which

' the particles seemed to be coming, mast of

them disappeared in the bright sunlight
but he could still see a few of them coring
toward the capsule, he later reported.

Glenn said that, in relation to the par.
ticles, his capsule was moving about three
to five miles an hour, which means the
particles were traveling more than 17,500
miles an hour. This indicated that the par-
ticles should have some association with the
capsule as they would be going at 9 much
different speed from the capsule if they
had another origin.

One possible answer to the puzzle is
thet as the water vapor from the capsule
was crected in space at night, it formed icc
crystals around the capsule that were not

325

visible to Glenn tm the darkness. thea, os
the capsule emerged from the earth's
shadow into the suntight, the ice crystals
became visible to the astronaut. Shortly
afterwards, radiation from the sun sub.
lined, or evaporated, the ice particles.

Jt is possible that the water vapor from
which the particles would form could have
come cither from the jets of the capsule o«
from the air-conditioning systeai of the
space capsule,

Glenn might have been able to see the
particles form around the capsule during

‘the night in the light from the night sky

and the toon if his eyes had been “dark
adapted.” However, the dark adaptation
fiher had fallen from his face.

By the time the capsule moved into
the morning suntight, Glenn was able to
see the purticles which had collected du, ing
the night untd they had evaporated from
the energy of the sunlight or moved back.
ward as they were not able to keep up
with the spaceeraft.

Glenn's first observation thet the particles
were snuwfiskes therefure scems correct.
Another assumption that they were the lost
cloud of “needles” sent aloft by satellite
to form a beit around the earth for com-
munications was discarded.

Astronaut M, Scott Carpenter, the astro-
naut scheduled to repeat Astronaut Glenn's
flight, will also try to observe the glowing
p.cticles.

© Science News Letter, 81:325 Moy 26, 1962

—

ed

7.

GENETICS

SS Ey Sag a : ial

Space Changes Heredity

> CHANGES IN HEREDITY of organ.
ans can occur fromm space fight, Soviet
scientists reported ut the Third International
Space Symposium in Washington, D. C
However, the adverse physical effects in
men and dogs who have orbited for short
pericels in space do net appear to be permia-
nent o¢ pathological in nature

Dry onion seeds orbited in space prev
faster than their earth counterparts. A sig
nificant acceleration ot the processes of
cellular division was cevealed to sprouts of
pea, corn, and whe ads carried aboard
the Soviet Genetic effects aby.
served in orbiting fruit Bies showed gene
tiutations to be 10 ces that of a control
yroup, Chromosere changes in the marrow
cells of mice whe Aad erbited appeared in
vbewe 10% of the celle examined as com
jrved ta three percest in cue control animals.
In dogs, however, the changes were not
pathologically siznincant. Suretka, for ex-
ample, had two healthy, normal litters fol-
lowing her space Sighr.

Plant and anim ' experiments in space
in cach instance “ ere compared with a con
trol group that hod been subjected to all the
physical stresses of space except for the
flighe itself

Biowhemical chinges were evident in the
blood, urine, and meryous system af rats,

a I em cm, ttt. -

Both Cosmonauts Gagarin and Tow ©
perienced unustal sensations during: wengtht
lessness. Gagarin’s Hight lasted 10S minutes:
but the senations were tot severe cnotysh
to harper the perforrmiance of his duties im
Space,

Titov, during the transition froin active
fight to the glide intu weyghtlessmess re
ported a temporary illusion of being: upsicte
clow i. This Wiis followed by giddiness and
nausea Which tnatensified when he toved
his head.

His ppetite suilTered and his frst sleep
was restless, “There are ressons to belteve
that giddiness, nausea and the decrease ol
appetite were the results of the change of
the activity of the nevous regulatory mecha
nisms which appeared under zero-grayity
(weightlessness) due to the interaction of
a number of different systems,” the Soviet
ientists said.

Titov’s discomfort lessened when he lim
ited his head movernents. Sleep reduced the
discomforts further. They disappeared com.
pletely with the onset of extra gravity stress

hich acemupanied his retura to earth

Soviet Academicians V. V. Parin and
O. G. Gazenko reporter! on the Rusmarnr
stolugical space program. On the bosiy of
USSR studies, they urged the necessity for

SS eee —

Explore Solar Flares

> MAN MADE ractittion on earth has
resulted in the development of new knowl
tlge and techniques for exploring s
rediation with stellites in outer spuice, De
lerbert Priedinan of the U. S. Noval Re-
h Luabortory said in ot intervier
th Third International Spuce Sy TipW tue
it Washington, D. C.

Syrcetrs i pies ie ad la) imwrastire thy
tcainp ratun and clensity ut prises itt Mil le r
reactors will be vsed ia an Orbiting Solve
Observatory (OSO), to be launched next
vear, to menusure the temperature ani
density of gases Frow solur flares. Thi, OSO
will permit scientists for the first time tw
study the full spectrin of solar flores thar
may yield clucs to the Aare's origin.

Solar flares are the emission of high
energy parilicles that appear to explode o
ame out from die surface of the sie.
They offect radio, television and radar re
coption and weather. The ability to preclict
solar flares is essential for the safety of
man in future deep space probes, and
indeed, is vital for better commmunicotion
results in satellite launchings.

They originate, iccording te prescnt
theories, frown clectromagnetic disturbances,
or thermal reactions. Peat and leasity

;

incasurcincnts With the spectrograph will

indicate which theory best explains the
' *

lures, ahthough it is posible that the
causes are interrelated.

Experiments are being planned to map
the sum amd observe its corona with satel
lites, Scientists will be able to make max:
observations of the corona in a day thar
has previously been possible,

eo Stivnce News Letter, 81:3246 May 24, 1942

SEISMOLOGY
Mexico Quake Largest
Since Disaster in 1957

> THE EARTHQUAKE which hook
three southern stures in Mexico ow Moy It
was the worst in that area since 19597 when
6S persons were killed, many injured ot
property damage extensive, scismologists
claimed in Washington, D. C.

The quake struck nearly half way be
ween Mexico City and th Turns resort
town of Acapuleo. The shock resumed
around the work! for several hours

Buildings collapsed in Chilpancingo,
nearby c pital of Guerrero State, and! pl uter
wad bricks, light poles and fountains fell
m Acapulco and Mexico City. An electri.
power pl mi was knocked out in Mestew

Stat *h) i rLIMES af pei iy WEE russ | Tee
hespit ds in the Mexico Ci ; Feteral Distri
Acceengyanying the 1957 quake was a taw
nam or sea wove &.5 fect high generated at
Acapulen, Little or ne wave is expected

frown the present qu ke, rhoording tir latest

iiflorrs thon.

“err ’ , °

Th quiaks mevouicdi uu 4 n° retincte mii th
Richter sovle. cat ‘ red te 9 recor ting
for the 1957 stuck.

! liflerviwe ts qe eernatte ail i
fyiealeneist praent ‘ i ii ts
ti tty ‘ i Fitts

© Sciente Nows lettor, 81:324 May 24, 1962

4 Ver Jou
THE READER'S DIGEST

John Glenn

worked toward it for three

years. Now he was alone, flat
on his back on a form-ft couch in-
side the instrument-packed capsule
Friendship 7. In an incredibly mat-
ter-of-fact voice, Lt. Col. John Her-
schel Glenn, Jr., began to count:

al pee ”
**

ry ys was the moment. He had

m, mine, cight, seven, six...
A great yellow-white gush of

flame spewed out from the Atlas-D
missile. For nearly four seconds, it
sermed rooted to its pad. Then, al-

Time

{March 2, 62), @ so62 by Tiere Inc
Rorkejciier Center, New York ao, NY.

and His Day of Miracles

CONDENSED FROM TIME

“This is a new ocean,’’ said Prest-
dent John F. Kennedy, “and I le-
lieve the United States must sail on
it,’’ Here ts the emotion-packed story
of the man whose cool daring and
determined shill thrilled the world

most deliberately, it headed into the
brilliant blue sky. “We're under
way,” said Glenn.

In the next four hours and 56 min-
utes, John Glenn lived through and

, Time & Life Gidyg., 59

-

eee ~ —

bu THE READER'S DIGEST May

shared with millions a day of mira-
cles. There was beauty. “I don’t
know what you can say about a day
ia which you have seen four beauti-
ful sunsets,” Glenn said later,
“three in orbit, and one after I
was back.” There was the wonder
of weightlessness. “This,” said
Glenn, “is something you could get
addicted to.” And there was danger:
“This could have been a bad day all
the way around,”

Eerie World, After lift-off, the
next crucial stage of the flight was
the separation of rocket and capsule
at the proper angle to put Glenn
into the programmed orbit, When
his orbit was confirmed at Cape
Canaveral, Glenn juoilantly radioed
back: “Capsule is turning around.
Oh, that view is tremendous! I can
see the booster doing wrnarounds
just a couple of hundred yards be-
hind. Cape is go and I am go.”

As he began to cross Africa, Glenn
set out to test his reactions to the
eerie world of weightlessness. He
shook his head viciently to see if
the motion would induce space sick-
ness. Nothing happened. “I have had
no ill effects at all from zero G,” he
reported. “It's very pleasant, as a
matter of fact. Visual acuity is still
excellent. No nausea or discomfort
whatsoever.”

Glenn had with him a small hand
camera to take pictures through his
window. “It seemed perfectly natu-
ral: rather than put the camera away,
I just put it out in mid-air and let

» of it.” With the camera suspended

though on an invisible shelf, he

went on with other work, then
reached back and plucked the cam
era out of the air.

Soaring over the Indian Ocean,
Glenn began his first night in space.
The stars were bright diamonds on
black velvet. “If you've been out in
the desert on a very clear, brilliant
night when there’s no moon and the
stars seem to jump out at you, that’s
just about the way they look.”

As he approached Australia,
Glenn radioed Astronaut Gordon
Cooper in the tracking station at
Muchea: “That was about the short-
est day I've ever run into, Just to my
right, I can see a big pattern of light,
apparently right on the coast.” The
glow was the city of Perth, which
had prepared a welcome for Glenn
that was also a test of his night
vision. Streetlights were ablaze.
Householders turned oa their porch
lizhts, spread sheets in their yards as
reflectors. When the lights were ex-
plained to him, Glenn radioed
Cooper: “Thank everybody for turn-
ing them on, will you?” -

Then, in the first moments of
dawn, Glenn saw a fantastic sight.
At first he thought “that the capsule
had gone up while I wasn’t looking
and that I was looking into nothing
but a new star field. There were
thousands of little particles outside
the cabin. They were a bright yel-
lowish-green, about the size and
intensity of a firefly on a real dark = |
night. As far as I could look off to
each side, I could see them.” .

Glenn speculated that the parti-
cles might be the cloud of needles

it

1962 JOHN GLENN AND HIS DAY OF MIRACLES 6:

the U.S. Air Force hued tried to orbit
last October,® or tha they might he
snowllak ces formed py the cooling
of water vapor omits jet nozzles.
But he quickly rejested both theo-
ries. Best explanation of the phe-

nomenon: the capsille was giving
off electrically charged particles of
water or gas vapor that were at-
tracted to each othe,, buile up the
specks that Glenn saev.

Nightmare of Susp:ase. Through-
out his thrilling da), John Glenn
recorded the emotions and impres-
sions of being the United States’ first
tourist in orbizal spacy . He had little
sensation of speed. || was, he said,
“about the same as | qi HARE in an air-
liner at, say, 30,000 fee, and looking
down at clouds at 10,600 feet.” Over
California, he spowte# part of the
Imperial Valley to hi left, 2 and the

Salton Sea; he could even pick out
the irrigated acres arovnd El Centro,
where he once lived. Looking down
on the Adantic, he \aw the Gulf
Stream as a fiver of olue,

But Astronaut Glenn's adventure
involved far more then mere sigrht-
seeing. He encountered difficulties
that turned his journe” into a night-
mare of suspense. Over Guaymas,
Mexico, on his first orbit, the cap-
sule’s attitude-control system began
to act up. A small je, designed to
release hydrogen-peraride steam to
keep the capsule in 2 sable position,
was not working properly. The cap-

_-_- soo

“Aim of the Air Force poiect was to en-
‘cle the globe with a banc:rnade up of 450
on tiny copper wires, avhich could be
used a3 a reflector to rel: radio messages,
Nothing has tince bera com of the wires.

sule, reported Glenn, “drifts of in
yaw to the right at about one de-
gree per second.”

To return the capsule to its normal
position, Glenn took over the con-
trols himself and activated other jets.
For most of the rest of the flight, he
had to “fly” the capsule either by
hand or by using a semi-atitomatic
“fly-by-wire” system roughly akin
to power steering on an automobile.

As he crossed the Pacific a second
time, the erratic jets nade the cap
sule “roll” (turn on its horizontal
axis). A similar roll in last No-
vember’s flight of the chimpanzee
named Enos made it necessary to
bring the capsule down after two
orbits, Again John Glenn was able
to overcome the trouble manually.

Worrisome as it was, this problem
was nothing compared with another
threat. Just as Glenn was begin-
ning his second orbit, an instru-
meat panel in the Project Mercury
Control Center at Canaveral picked
up a warning that the fiber-glass
heat shield on Friendship 7 had
come ajar. If the shield were to sep-
arate before or during Glenn’s re-
entry into the carth’s atmosphere, he
would perish in 2 flash of fame,

One by one, other tracking: sta-
tions picked up the oe signal,
Project Mercury offacials h uddled
tensely, trying to decide what to do.
The final decision was made by Op-
erations Director Walter Williams:
an attempr would be made to hold
the heat shield in place by changing
the re-entry procedure. The retro-
rocket packet was supposed to be

teen Ee a —_—

a — a fa eee

= eo 62 eer . ’

62 THE READER'S DIGEST May

icttisoned after the rockets them-
selves had been fired. But the packet
itself ; hound te the capsule by
hree thin metal bands. Williar ms hig.
“d that the bands might be strony
mnOUE h to hold the shield tothec cap-
'- during the descent. He knew
it the heat would eventually burn
»way the straps, but he hoped that
y that time the air resistance would
be dense enough to hold the shield
in place.
Life or Death. Glean took the
ies of the deadly threat bai char-
teristic calmness. He made the
idjustments necessary to keep the
recro-rocket packet tn place, hand-
flew his capsule into proper attitude
for de scene —and braced himself.
Timed by a pre-set mechanism in
the capsule, the braking rockets fired
in sequence. Friendskiz 7 shud-
dered. “It fects like I’ i'm going clear
hack to Hawaii,” Glens radioed, He
could feel his body beginning to be
sue cezed by the Dbuilaue of G force:
‘Outside che window he could sce
a fiery glow, “It became apparent
that something was tearing up the
heat-shield end of che capsule,”
Glenn said later, “There were large
pieces anywhere frorn as big as the
end of your finger to seven or cight
inches in diameter coming past the
window. You could see the fire and
the glow from them—big flaming
chunks,”*
On the grou nd,
; epa urd, the c apsu
ne TES ER st

stronaut Alan
-ommunicator
radio contact

oo “obrrmke” -ra +t ima (6 .
e chunxs WwW csiaiegrating tray
’ the retfo-re «et , xc Ket.

At the same time, other
‘tacking the capsule
STOppy J registering, The blackot
was predictable, caused by Boies.
tion from Ge heat of re-catry. It
lasted for seven minutes and 15 see-
onds, Then | came John Glenn's
ultant voice. “Boy!” he
was a real fireball!”

Glenn had made it; he had sue-
cessfully re-entered the earth’s ar
mosphere, As it tur aed out, the neal
shield had been in place all along;
a monitor in the capsule had been
Aashing a misleading signal to the
ground. But Joha G lenn could not
be certain that he was safe until he
saw the parachute which would low-
er his capsule gently into the Atlan-
tic open. Said he the next day,
“That's probably the prettiest ol’
sight you ever saw in your life

“At 2243 pan Priendshi p75 splashed
inte ied Atlantic with a sizzle as the
red-hor shield turned the sca water
to steam. Surging ahead at flank
speed, the destroyer Noa began to
race helicopters from the carrier
Randolph to the scene. The Noa
won, plucked the capsule out of the
ocean at 3:01. Across the United
States, the millions of television
watchers sagged weakly with relicf.

Shirt Sleeves and Overalls. John
Gienn seemed alrnost destined for
this day of triumph. As a test pilot
and a combat flier with 149 mis-
sions in World War II and Korea
(he holds five Distinguished Flying
Crosses and an Air Medal with 13
clusters), he had lived with super-
sonic speed and the constant pos-

with ‘ slen fn.
iis? ruments

c*%-

cried, “That

=

——

SS eee ~ _

1962 JOHN GLENN AND HIS DAY OF MIRACLES 63

sibility of sudden death. To the
millions who have now seen and
heard him, it is obvious that he was
a perfect choice to become the first
American to orbic the earth,

He was raised in New Concord
(population: 2000), a quiet, shirt-
steeves-and-overalls town in central
Ohio, where his father, by turns, was
a tailroad conductor, proprietor of
a plumbing business and owner of
the local Chevrolet agency. As a
boy, John swam in Crooked Creek,
hunted rabbits, played football and
basketball, read Buck Rogers, was a
great admirer of Glenn Miller, and
blew a trumpet in the town band.

In 1939 he entered Muskingum
College, a small Presbyterian school
ins New Concord. He was a substi-
tute center on the foorball team, got
solid B grades, and schemed to get
into the war as a pilot. He learned to
fly in a Navy program for civilians
at New Philadelphia, 35 miles away,
then quit colleze as a junior to join
the Navy’s prefight program. In
1933 he took the Navy’s option to
join the Marine Corps, and won his
gold wings and gold second lieu-
tenant's bars. Then, resplendent in
his dress-blue uniform, he came
back home to New Concord to mar-
ry Annie Castor, daughter of the
town dentist, and his sweetheart
ever since he could remember.

Smooth Pilot. There was never
any question about John Glenn’s
fiying skill. Atcer his war duty, he
developed a cocksure method of
occasionaily demonstrating it. Says
Marine Lt. Col. John Mason, “John-

ny would fly’ up alongside you
and slip his wing right under yours,
then tap it gently against your wing-
tip. I’ve never seen such a smooth
pilot.”

As a test pilot for the Navy's
Chance Vought FRU Crusader fight-
er after the Korean War, Glenn
showed the determination that later
landed hitn in the cockpit of Friend-
ship 7. He had the F8U up wo
Mach 1.2 one day when something
snapped and the plane veered sharp-
ly. Most test pilots would have
gingerly guided the plane back to
base. Glenn, scribbling notes all the
while, stubbornly pushed the fighter
up to Mach 1.2 two more times to
sce if it would happen again. It did.
When he finally landed, he discov-
ered that 24 feet of the trailing edge
of a wing had been broken off.

Early in his career, Glenn devel-
oped the art of “sniveling.” Explains
Marine Lt. Col. Richard Rainforth,
who flew ground-support missions
beside Glenn in both World War I
and Korea: “Sniveling, among pi-
lots, means to work yourself into a
program, whether it happens to be
your job or not, Sniveling is per-
fectly legitimate, and Johnny is a
great hand at it.” In 1957 Glenn
sniveled the Marines into letting
him try to beat the speed of sound
from coast to coast. Flying an FSU-1,
he failed by nine minutes, but he did
knock 23, minutes off the coast-to-
coast speed record by covering the
distance in 3 hours 23 minutes at
an average speed of 726 m.p.h.

Then, in 1959, Glenn resolutely

SS Se Sh

| READER'S DIGE,

fa THE R

set out to snivel his way into the
toughest program of all: Project
Mercury. He started with two hand-
icaps: he lacked a college degree,
and, t 37; he Was cons ide red ag old
rman, But he managed to get permis-
sion to go along as an “observer”
with one prime candidate of the
Navy's Bureau of Acronautics.
Wi hen the candidate failed an carly
test, “Johnny stepped up, chest
high,” Rainforth recalls, “and of-
fered himself. They took him.”

Through the Wringer . Candidate
Glenn and g1o others were rua
through a wringer of mental and
hysical tests.* Doctors charted their
brain waves, skewered their hands
with electrodes to pick up the clec-
trical irmpulses chat would tell how
quickly their muscles responded to
nerve stimulation. Glenn held up
tenaciously under tests of heat and
vibration, d: tad espec: silly well with

woblems of logical reasoning.

Tb the surprise of no one who
has ever known him, Glenn was one
of the seven who were pic!

a
. a

ricked to be-
come the nation’s first astronauts.
But even among the astronauts John
Glenn stood out in his determina-
tion. By his own de ston, he spent
weekends aay his

"4

only wife, son
: :
and daughter in Arlington, Va.,

&
lived Monday bre
Vir *} nia’s I angle,

seat .
? O°

uch F riday art
Au Force Rase

that he could betrer conceatrate
the program. He ran two miles
betore breakfast every morning,

sweated himself from 195 pounds
“The Exciting Search for the First

"he Reader’s Digest, May 's9

s‘T May

flat-bellied 168.

To train him to handle a cap-
sule tumbling out of control, he
spent hours spinning giddily in the
Rendishly 1“M

’ 7 F
aown to a trim,

contrived “Mastif” (mul-
tiple axis space test inertia facility),
which incously rotates in
three directions, like a carnival ride
gone amok. Time and again he
rode the giant centrifuge, whi =
mu lipli es gravit ional pull to sit

ulate the strains of take-off ad

5 imulra

return, Diese his years, Glenn
showed thins least heart fluctuation of

any astronaut. (At lift-off of Friend-
ship 7, Glean’s i ulse rate was a nein
tively placid rio bea

Shepard's rate wa 139 " Overs $
170 during hete: 1 lift-offs. All three
men normally register between 60
and 70 beats 4 minut ¢.)

The Hero. Noi urles A.
Lindbergh, in 1927, has the United
States had such a hero. From the
moment he stepped out of his cap
sule onto the deck of the Noa,
Glenn has accepted his apotheosis as
coolly as he handled Friendship 7
on its flight through space. In the
flood of press conferences, parades,
appearances before Congress and
Congressional committees,
been articulate and at ease. There is
honest pride in his great achieve-
ment, but he has gone out of his way
to acknowledge the roles of hun-
dreds of others who stood behind
it. In greetings to his backstage
co-v vorkers at © ana veral, he put his
feelings in this fashion: “There is
much acclaim for this Aight, buc it is
only one step in a long program. I'd

since Ch

he has

a

ee

eRe Ser oP a 7

1952 JOHN GLENN AND HIS DAY OF MIRACLES 65

like all of you who worked on it to
feel that I am your representative.
I'm getting the attention for all
the thousands of you who worked
on it.”

In terms of national prestige,
Giean’s fight put the United States
back into the space race with a
vengeance, and gave the morale of
the entire free world a huge and
badly needed boost. Contrasted with
earlier Russian shots, it was a great
victory for the open society that
produced Glenn—and proved the
wisdom, in terms that Woodrow
Wilson might have used, of “open
shots openly viewed.”

Technically, it justified and re-
deemed the long !sbors, careful
planning and exactiog standards of
the U.S, space program, into which
the nation has hopetully poured
several billion dollars.

For man himself, it produced
sone valuable lessons. Because the
Russians released little data about
astronauts Gagarin and Titov, the
world now knew with certainty
for the first time chet, at least for
the period Glenn spent in space, a
healthy and well-conditioned man
can face the forces of gravity and
weightlessness with no it! effects. By
taking over the contro!s himself and
proving that man can “fly” a capsule
through space, Glenn also struck a
blow for man’s genius and versa-

tility, answering the critics who

claim that instruments can do any-
thing better in space than man, Said
Glenn, “Now we can get rid of some
of that automatic equipment and
let nan take over.”

The Enormity of Space. For the
United States Glenn's flight is only
the beginning. After at least four
more three-orbit flights, U.S. space
officials plan to send an astronaut
on an r8-orbit shot sometime late
this year or early in 1963. With more
powerful rockets under develop-
ment, the United States hopes to
launch two-man capsules by 1944,
keep them: in orbit for as long as
two weeks, (US. scientists estimate
that the Soviet Union may try a two-
man orbital flight almost any day.)
Most ambitious of foreseeable US.
space flights is Project Apollo, which
aims at putiing three men on the
moon--and bringing them back —
by 1968.

At his first press conference, John
Glenn emphasized the point that the
exploration of space ts still in its
primitive stages. If the diameter of
the earth were scaled down to about
So inches, he said, his flight had
brought us only 1 1/3 inches above
it. “IE you think of the enormity of
space, it makes our efforts seem
puny. But these are all step-by-
step functions we go through, The
manned flights we've had to date
have added information. This flight,
I hope, added a bit more.”

_——_

Aare Georges Lemaitre: “| do not believe that God ever intended

to disclose to man what man could find out for himself.”

- Newsweek

ee ee ee

i eee oe

-—-

i er i i ee

While union constitutions boast of brotherhood, hun-

dreds of locais

condemn Negroes to the lowest jobs

and, in many cases, exclude them from work entirely

By Lester Vere

Mae’ OF aut the battle-
P= “Lill grounds on which the
Negro fighis for equal-
ity, the unions, which
ily bread,

“ew -

tmeeed control his da
strate him most.
Union constitutions 2:
erty, equality and iraternity. Union
ghts laws.

e° 8 1

wvetbalh dlal-

-—

»yists battle for civil-

ivi

ut most unions in the building
trades—the electricians, plumbers,
sheet-metal workers and others —ex-

clude Negroes. So do the printers
and engravers, and many locals of
the machinists.

This means exclusion from a job.
; hough the Tatt-Hartley Act
shop, un-

For ale
<
tlaws the closed union

which a man must show a union

card before he can work, it is the
unions that contro! the hiring in
these trades. The contractor who
needs bricklayers or electricians calls
the union hiring hall for ther.

In Washington, D.C., Negro fami-
ies can now send their children to
integrated schools, cat at any public
restaurant Or put up at any horel.
But no Negro has as yet gained ad-
mittance to the plumbers local there,
nor to the electricians, steamfitters,
sheet-metal workers, stone cutters
or a dozen others.

For two years after Negro elec-
trician James Holland came from
Detroit to Washington, he was un-
able to get a construction job; the

all-white Washington Electricians

0
OPx CALLING LA 924 GA OK M
LA 924-G V OK 1352D LMAFS GA

SAFOI=-5

WILL YOU PLEASE MAKE A _ COLOR PRINT OF THE FOOTAGE FROM THE
JOE WALKER FLIGHT IN THE X-15 USEING ONLY THOSE PORTIONS OF
THE FILM THAT SHOW THOSE UNUSUAL BLOBS AND SEND IT TO

1T COL ROBERT FRIEND HQS FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIVISION PAREN
TD-= PAREN AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB OHIO
THIS IS NEEDED THERE FOR STUDY AND FILE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE USE
GA

END HERE

ARL OUTO

SPACE

Clue to “Glenn Effect’
In Astronaut's Pocket

> THE CLUE to the identity of the lumi
nous particles observed by Asteonaut John
H. Glenn Jr. may be in the pocket of the
next orbiting astronaut.

A small pocket spectroscope carried along
in space should solve the mystery of what
the bright <pots, known as the Glenn ef
fect, are, Dr. Charles M. Herzfeld of the
Department of Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency said in Scrence 136;1121,
1962, Dr. Herzfeld believes that the color
vf the spots, their luminosity and the period |
of visibility indicate that they are condensed |
nitrogen and possibly oxygen irradiated by
the sur.

Other scientists have theorized that the
shiny spot: may be flakes of ice or paint
from the capsule. The yellowish green color
of the particles rules against the ice theory,
Dr. Herzfeld told Sciarnce Seavice. “Ice
when luminous is blue in color,” he said:
luminous nitrogen is light yellow-green.

He gives no support to the paint fluke
theory,

The ARPA research scientist believes that
nitr well oxygen released by the al p-
sule becarne luminous when the rays of the
rising sun hit them. (Glenn had observed

the particles after cach sunrise on his orbital
fighe.)

The National Acronautics and Space Ad-
ministrat Is seriously considering Dr
Herzfelc’s stiggestion that a spectroscope:
be included in the equipmenc of the next
astronaut. A spectrosenpic reading by the
astronaut would show whether the lumt
nosity ites in the spectrum for trapped nitro.
gen and oxygen atoms
ence News Letter, 62:25 July 14, 1962

.
”

SAFOI=-3 /
[S MAJ MARK THERE PLS THIS IS SAFOI LA GA

HIN PLS

MAJOR MARKS WILL NOT BE IN THE OFFICE UNTIL 4250 OUR TIME SO WOULD
YOU PLS PASS THE MSG ON AND I WILL DELIVER TO HIS OFFICE SINCE NO
ONE IS ABLE TO COME TO THE TELETYPE NOW

GA

Ox

I AM SURE YOU ARE AWARE OF AP STRY XXXX STORY OUT OF SEATTLE TDXXXK TODAY
QUOTING JOE WALKER AS SAYING THAT ON HIS RECENT ALTITUDE TEST FLIGHT
A REAR FACING CAMERA TOOK PHOTOS OF WHAT LOOKED LIKE FLYING SAUCER
CSJECTS. THE FOOTAGE THAT HE REFERS TO IS BEING DELIVERED 30
LOOXOUT MOUNTAIN TODAY AND NATURALLY ALL OF THE TY AND REELS ARE
SCREAMING FOR IT. THIS IS NASA FOOTAGE, NOT AIR FORCE, HOWEVER,

WE HAVE A STANDING AGREEMENT WITH NASA TO ACT AS THEIR RELEASING
GENT FOR THEIR X-15 FOOTAGE. WE NEED A DOD RELEASE NUMBER FOR THIS
FOOTAGE. I DON,T KNOW WHETHER WE KARKAX LOOKOUT CAN GET A REDUCTION
PRINT OUT TODAY IN TIME FOR RELEASE ME POOL OR NOT AND I DON, T
KNOW HOW MUCH FOOTAGE OR WHETHER IT IS IN B AND W BUT WILL LET YOU
KNOW LATER WHEN WE GET ALL THE INFORMATION,

4
Yo2R C358ING LA 2551 GA OX THIN PLS
if OX
SAFOI La GA PLS

SAPOI<S

THIS IS HaRT RE THE JOE WALKER FOOTAGE NASA LOCALLY DISSAPOVES
RELEASE OF THE FOOTAGE NUMBER ONE THEY FEELTHE WALKER OVER
DRAMATIZED THE FOOTAGE TWO HE HAS THE REP OF BEING SOMEWHAT OF A
JOKESTER AND THREE THE NASA SCIENTISTS FEEL RATHER CERTAIN THAT WHaT
WAS SEEN ON THE FILM IS REALLY SOME EXUDATION FROM THE AUXILLARY
POWER PLANT YOU CAN CROSSCHECK WITH THE NASA MAN AT [ BELIVE IT IS
SANTA MONICA BUT THE ABOVE [IS WHAT WE ARE TOLD LOCALLY GA

OX. HOWEVER NASA HERE IN SANTA MONICA HAS ALREADY NOTIFID THE

TV OUTLETS THAT THEY YILL MAKE FOOTAGE AVAIL THRU OUR FACILITIES.

{1 AM GOING TO GO BACK TO NASA HERE AND TELL THEM TO GIVE PRESS

THIS INFORMATION YOU HAVE JUST GIVEN TO US SO THEY CAN BE THE ONES TO
TURN PRESS DOWN T XXX RATHER TAN US. GA PLS

HOLD ONE I BELIEVE WE OUGHT TO GET HOLD OF NASA HERE AGAIN AND RELAY
JO THEM WHAT YOU HAVE JUST TOLD ME SOUNDS LIKE MAYBE THEIR LEFT
HAND IS NOT COGNIZANT OF EHAT THE RIGHT IS DOING WE SHOULD GIVE

THEM A CHANCE TO GET STRAIGHT IN THEIR OWN HOUSE MAYBE WHEN THE

LO CALL JOES HEAR WHAT THEIR WEST COAST MAN HAS COMMITTED HIMSELF

TO THEY MIGHT CHANGE THEIR MIND TO PREVENT EMBARASSMENT [LL CALL
YOU BACK LATER GA OPLS

OX. THAT SOUNDS LIKE THE BEST APPROACH. IN FACT, THEIR OFFICE it
WASHINGTON SHOULD NOTIFIY THEIR OFFICE HERE TO TAKE WHATEVER ACTION
THEY DEEM NECESSARY. WE ARE SIMPLY THEIR RELEASING AGENT AND

WE WILL DO WHATEVER THEY SAY. GA PLS

OX I AGREE AND JUST IN CASE THEY DECIDE TO GO AHEAD WITH IT
HERE IS A TEMPORARY RELEASE NO FR DOD 104 WILL CALL YU BX LTR
ARL END OUT

END

11 MAY S292

ENO

M293K CALLING LA 2391 GA

‘ MIN LS ARL 00K SRY FOR DELAY HAVING TOAXXX TROUSLE
PEACHING LA OKO

La 2581-6 Ox

SarvOI LA GA PLS

SarvOI-S ,

“MART HERE ON THE NaSa FOOTAGE AGAIN IT [5 NOW OK TO GO AHEAD AND
RELEASE ON THE DOD 104 NUMSER WE GAVE YOU BEFORE HAVE COORDINATE
“tTH STAN MILLER IN SANTA MONICA AND THE YASHINGTON OF FICE AS WELL
SEEMS THAT STAN HAS ALREADY SHOWN THE STUFF TO THE NEW BOYS AT
SEATTLE SO THERE WaS NO USE FOR WASH OFFICE TO HOLD UP FURTHER
PERHaPS YOU SHOULD CALL STAN AND LET HIM KNOW THAT ALL IS WELL

AND THE SKIES ARE BLUE AGAIN ALSO FOR MY SAKE PLS TRY TO GET HI
TO PLAY THE STUFF DOWN WITH A CAPITAL DOW BECAUSE THIS WILL

TRIGGER OFF ALL THE FLYING SU SAUCER NUTS ON THE WEST COAST AND
WELL BE GETTING A WHOLE LOAD OF NUT LETTERS AGAIN GA

THIS IS MAJ “SPOTS” IEONS

iT IS TO0 LATE TO CONTRL THE DEGREE OF COVERAGE FROM HERE. THE POOL
MAS ALREADY BEEN NOTIFIED AND I UNDERSTAND THAT C3S PLANS TO GO

WYITH {T NATIONALLY TOMORROW AND ABC PLANS TO GO WEST COAST REGIONALLY.
ALSO WIRE PHOTOS WANT TO BLOW UP A SINGLE FRAME FOR AP AND UPI STILL
PHOTO RELEASE, SO UNDOUBTEOLY If IS GOING TO GET NATIONAL COVERAGE.
THtS IS ALL BASED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT THE FOOTAGE IS YORNTYHIL E
POR NEY KKK NETWORK RELEASE. GA PLS

~

PROJECTION YOU SEE IT WAS SHOT AT FOUR FRAMES SO THAT DID NOT GIVE
THEM MUCH TO PLAY WITH ANYHOW WE ARE NOT THINKING OR WORRYING ABOUT
THE FACT THE PIX GET RELEASED IT IS JUST THAT IF HE WILL PLAY THE
\WNGLE OF THE FACT THAT THEIR SCIENTISTS BELI2ZVE THE STUFF TO BE
MATRIAL FROM THE X 15 AUXILLARY ENGINE IT WILL TAKE IT OUT OF THE
SAUCER FIELD PRETTY MUCH AND MIGHT NOT GIVE SO NUCH POSSIBLE
TROUBLE IN THAT NI NUTTY AREA GA PLS

THERE tS ONLY ABOUT FOUR SECONDS OF STUD STUFF AT TYENTY FOUR FRAMES
9
i

MIN PLS MAJ IRONS ON PHONE
Ox

THAT IS ALL FROM HERE

GA PLS

END ARL OT

END
ill MAY 62
oy