PROJECT BLUE BOOK

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3 Wateh Tonight”

49
4." oA |

“For Sputnik

Contrary to an earher report, |

Soutnik II may be visible tonight
to Daytonians. Kenneth E. Kis-
seil of Fairborn said yesterday.
> It should be seen at 7:35 p. m.
( at 16 decrees above the western
Cf herizon moving northward, he
- zaid, The satellite should reach
its hichest point in the sky a
little west of due north and dis-
appear over the northern hort-
zon. “It ll he about as bright as

the brichter stars.”

Sputnik If may also he visible
7 at 7:06 p. m. tomorrow at 28
{ decrees above the western hor-

zon as it moves northeastward in
a Similar path

|

‘r¥oonwatch’’ team here which!
has a station at Civil Defense’
headquarters at Stillwater sana-
torium, 8100 N. Main st. :

ie > aisse]l is chairman of the local
L ‘
¢

POE e-> UE Cel

- Oe

ee

5

~

ee,

Longer Words Found
tasier to Understand

> LONGER WORDS to identify letters of

rte re more casuy uU derstood
; chorter ones, two scents report in

Pia pe (Feb. 7)
They suggest the famusar Able, Baker,
warlic, Dog, and so on should be re-

«i with longer words to increase their
intelligibilicy. A person named Sedgwick,
for instance, might explain the spelling otf
as name this wav: “S as in ‘student,’ E as

<amination,’ D as in ‘department, G as
in ‘grandmother, W as in ‘welcome,’ | as in
industry,” C as in ‘companion,’ K as in

iiness. ”
Des. Mark R. Rosenzweig and Leo Post-
4 of the University of California, Berke-
y, have surveyed factors governing intellt-
icv of words. They found frequency of
and length were the most important
Phey suggest identifying words for the let-
: of the alphabet should be chosen trom
nook ot words that are both frequently
! rnd long.

Science News Letter, February 22, 1958

ASTRONOMY

Aartian Atmosphere Has
Jary Little Water Yapor

>» ALL THE WATER vapor on Mars
quals that found in a box of earthly air
noo feer wide, owo feet long and ten feet
idensed to liquid

mniy one three

ris imor were cu

1

) - ‘ ,
uld form a him
red-eighteenth of an

‘
thicn Over

inch

a net
ss the final conclusion of the most
- examination ver made of the Mar-
emusphere. The studies were done bs
tional Bureau of tandards s<cien-
oF C. Kiess and Mrs. Harriet K.
C. H. Corliss and Mes. Edith L.
;

nd the upper limit of water
: nding Mars by examining pho-

} ; } rrr 54 en Overt ; . .

4 th* ww ' ;

I our into

' r ‘er 1 " } re

eee cee ne EN A LCL LALLA EID LARISA LTBI EAA IN Na Tie ee RE ihe? CRAG aA tH =) wiwueer

i . Les ,

Ni | ! i eT | ;
the om il, tiyle ’ ‘ ‘
isible red w 1 st t ken cow
into it bos Cent i 1]
recommend that tatu ies |
even deeper in the yntra

Alth hy thet 1] rela ly neg
tt LOrLUst i) d from visual
| rvaa ms oF t t) it Mfar i
hats nh atmosphere, i
change of water vapor bets the nort
ind southern polar cay \s the thin frost
, of cup cove i ] 2éeT rei th i!
it the other cap shrinks

They found no evidence for carbon di

oxide in the Martian atmosphere

Lie

'

The Hawatian phase of the scientists

studies was supported by the National Geo-
graphic Society

Science News Letrer, February 22, 1958

METEOROLOGY
See Advance
Storm Warning

> DETECTING the formation ot hurrt-
canes and predicting the paths of these
giant tropical storms for several days in ad-
vance are foreseen in a report issued by the
Smithsonian Institution.

R. C, Gentry and R. H. Simpson of the
Weather Bureau's National Hurricane Re-
search Project, West Palm Beach, Fla., re-
ported now making
“considerable progress’ 1n understanding

fl gilt ; ; pit
the basic mechanisms of hurricanes. They

! -
meteoroiog wets are

. , , :
believe sorme day it may even be possiv °
‘ Glin | a reering wheel
to put power Orakes § r eering wheels

.

on the great st

Doing this, means obtaining
control of as yet unknown forces in hurri-
cunes themselves. The natural force of the
great storms is so much stronger than any-
thing man can ever hope to bring against
ir that control by any external means prob-

Ie | ‘ ‘ }
iDiy Will always

rims.

}
nowever,

¢ impossible.

Radar and storm-plunging reconnaissance
olanes are two fruitful sources of hurricane
information.

The discovery of spiral ra nbands is amend

the recent findings concerning the tropic
storrns. Most of the heavy rain tn hurr

,
Anes, the second wreutest factor in

ife and property damage, occurs in rat
ands that spiral inward toward the storn
center. Benveen these bands, raintal!l is

relatively light and near the outer edges

there frequently 1s no rain at all.
] ,
Most hurricanes, « Is I mwwn, f
1 mate .
ra cel I y feet
’ wy .
| i ‘
’
;
t ;
7 ’ {
1
Pia fies | } l '
colur D » ot ~ | 1 4
; pif tivel i 1 "
! ’
} ;
’ .
‘a ’ ,
j
- + New ter ruary 22 ‘3

t ‘ wi NG
a . : * .
Army Using Invisible
5°. o. ,
liaht to Carry Messages
» i } Then! I t i teria
. ! ; a
( lerable di C \ ini Corps
eer t I | it r 4 i !
>» T4 ‘
Fort Huachues, A
}} im > hig " can be rr
nth a vers m which cin’ o!
} mt 4¢ i 1 . 1 sily
Z. , 1 { {) Cu i, i
un 1 Sys l) nod wide ap.
ication on the battleheld, since an enemy
vould not even be aware the light beam
<isted without special equipment
Radio or wire messages are fed electri
cally into the infrared transmitter, and the
\utput at the receiving end can be put on

telephone line, radio transmitter or public
address system as desired.

The range of the communication systen
an be extended by

ry. ~~ ~ -
iltops to TAane aay

putting relay stations on
intage of the line-of-sight

characteristics of the wave, similar to tetie-

-

| a , " ;
inion Signais

The communication systems now com-
monly used by the Army, such as radio and
wire, have certain drawbacks that the new
system may be able to overcome.

In time of conflict, radio trafhe is so con

gested that it may

Wire-laying is ame c

ecome inadequate, while
Msumuing and the wire
is vulnerable to cutang.

Science News Letter, February 22, 1953

4+/7SiICLOGY
New Technique Studies
Meart Muscle “in Action”

> A TECHNIQUE of studying the heart

nuscle “in action wavy provide science
f
; ‘
th etrer understanding of the intri-
:
‘ chat r the hearthes
% t? ' t° :
Designed by Dr. William J. Whaten of
nivers! ri fornia acl \ngetes
: ‘
Scnool, “ incs
ultaneou ‘ toch? :
rrement r P 1 rv .
strip t i ’
- suspended in a smail er
fe etre \ oh ogica
‘
Tht vil st ifa riliz I {
anhees > fi WZ,
:
t or, ind f mtr }
x, tleane : | a ttdas
| ges
. \ reHect i ’ on the
: ve oan
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’
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5 —_—
F as ene ve OLIENCE News Letrea for February [O58
= “ SP
/ Dm

INOMT

upiter Makes

the month that sees the official end of winter
the coming at the vernal equinox on the 20th, is also
time for observing the planets.

A STR

a ae

Mare

|
“iin

a good

By JAMES STOKLEY coward the northeast, is Bootes, the beat

‘ r h the star ¢ ch Nt rus
> WITH THE COMING of March the Next to this group, higher and to the
> Fr appear on the 1ccompanying part of Ur i Mayor, the great bear. A good
naps. These show how the sky looks abour  ‘Y“¥ [ locate Arcturus, in fact, 1s to follow
1.00 pan. your own kind vf standard time, %2¢ curve of the dipper’s handle around to

it. the south. to Arcturus,

n hour earuer at the middle .
len to

1¢ eke and two hours earlier at the U ny ;
d Che other planets may be seen in March
liter in the which is

This brings you first
Spica.

hupaiter is low m the east, in the con- fue : night. Saturn, I in
«| ion or Virgo, the Virgin, to the lett ( phiuchus, me SEF PENCCArT ICE, rises into
the star Spica, The planet is so bright, “tev sour 2:00 am. It is followed, about

1-0

‘ » ry hy ‘ “ rd, ; ' ;
inus 19 on the astronomical scale, that ; mee ate Mars, which dh se SagUarus,
e+ . * . . r 7 "Aw { , -eecur fr re ro
en with the dimming of its light by te arcner, my: a few minutes later, about

hours Mars ts followed

Equal Days and Nights

Actually, however, this is not the

aad

cuse,
ir the
above and
few days
retraction,
acts as a
earth rays of
This has the

~elesnal object (unless

ind night, ‘

the equality of das
periods during which the sun is
below the horizon,
carlicr. There is an
whereby the ear atmosphere
prism and ird the
light entering from outside.

effect of m

comes a
etlect
low

'
pends

aking any

son of its low altitude itis a conspicuous ‘“*° before sunrise, it is exactly overhead) appear a little higher
cect, : by Venus. This “is the brightest of all. It than it would if there were no atmosphere
e But Jupiter is nor the only planet to be 201 shines in the east in the carly morning — Refraction is preatest at the horizon, where
; ton March es enings, About the 29th, 35 brilliantly as it did in the west in the raises an object ittle more than the ap-
} m-seen Mercury will put in a brief CYSTS 2 few months ago parent diameter of the sun and moon. As
arance. For several evenings around R 1 result we can see the sun before it has
fate vou may see it low in the wese Vernal Equinox actually risen, and continue to see it after
© Skt ‘dark ens, until about nwo hours it has really ser.
nset. n it, too, will descend With March comes the end of winter. The fact that we tall this the spring
. v the hor fr is not as bright as Olficially, in the Northern Hemisy hee re, this quinox ts evidence of our Northern Hemt-
witer, but is more brilliant than any s¢ason ends ind spring begins when the sun) = sphere background. As the sun moves north-
by star, so it will be easy to locate if stands directly over the earth's equator. It ward, it is daily climbing higher into our
! ‘ lear view. It is not shown on {5 then at the halfway point on the north. skies. Its heating effect is increasing and
‘ans, since it sets before the times for ‘Ward journey it starts in December, at the immer is on its wav. But, to the people
1 thev are drawn. beginning of winter, atid ends in June, in southern countries, this northward jour-
shtest star of the March evenings is ‘hen summer begins. ney means that che sun is grathually getting
the dog-star, in Canis Major, the
log, which stands in the southwest.
» the right is Orion, with qwo first-magni-
le stars, Betelweuse and Rigel, and the . ,
1 cars between them thae mark the tee RGA > ee
this rrior, That was the way / a a ‘ Kye oO
depicted the old star maps. The a ° “~o, (ANE
Baha Fecieea Secha eAwen Seen TAURUS. camflopanpaus “NS Cvearia
me aceis URSA MINOR om ;
f rigot, and a little higher, vou can curs 7
Hl, with brighe Aldebaran to
: l moving upwards, you z ae
, * twins, with Castor ARIES 4) “ ets * BRALD OR
oy a ktee ae ‘the Oia ‘yOR0MEDA yt , >
. thy Pole te D-o. be
: t star in the gure of TWEST Face North EASTP
sser cog
owing the Zodiac Path
uni is. ( c ~ .
Ner 1 YOUS ¢ fellanon
rh ne yinon Hvoaa \ Mi ADADLE 205 Le a * ~
es .* f : Bias : ” ane .
ee ran | ae awe 22 tama
ee “A; Ko . PYXIS a MAID ‘z
‘ » ‘ j . PuUpoS
dai amr nicy Tonys Veta

‘ace

{ j
Oulin

aN G #2 © SYMBOLS FOR STARS IN ORDER OF BRIGHTNESS

TOR et ee OE ee ee i i ie ee ee TRAE RAKARERER REAR eee Xe Owe w 44

to 1958 PONTA_PORANs BRAZI! (LORENZEN P 14} } 3+ WITNESSESA

+ bo .

te MARCTIO GONCALVES (SEE RELATEO REPORT FOR FEBRUARY 19% 1958). HIS GIRL ¢
-NOs HIS YOUNGER BROTHER AND OTHER FRIENDS DROVE OUT ON THE PONTA PORAN 9
ie ~

<
rT

P
A
De BETWOEN TWO SMALL WOODED AREAS CG LVES STOPPED HIS JEEP ANO THE BOYS 6
NT LOOKING FOR_A_#FLYING SAUCER*® WITH THEIR FLASHLIGHTS e I
Me SGONCALVES ANO HIS GIRL FRIEND IN THE CAR SUDDENLY SAW A &
PING_OVER THE THICKET AHEAD OF THEMse THE BOYS HAD SPOTTED THE
THEY RAN FOR THE CARs SHOUTINGs ¥THE SAUCER -— THE SAUCER.* w

,

i

.XPECTED SVDDENNESS THE OSJECT SHOT STRAIGHT TOWARD THE RUNNING ¥
ra

-

- BOYS WERE ({ NO THEY REACHED THE CAR AHEAD OF THE SJECT « o
TEN EVERYTHING LIGHTED UP AS BRIGHT AS IF IT HAD BEEN DAYTIME « UT THE }
24T WAS BLOOD=—RED, GONCALVES SAID HIS, HAIR STOOD UP ON THE ACK OF HIS l
, THEY WERE DIRECTLY UNDER THE THING =— IT was LARGER THAN THETR CAR ANDO 1
-“EO TO 56E MADE OF POL METAL e IT APPEARED TOC SE SO NEAR T =Y COULD }

= TRUCK_IT_wI S Tt POLE. GONCALVES», FEARING THE ORBYECT MIGHT COME |

N ON TOP OF THE CARs STARTED THE JEEP AND HEADED BACK TOWARD TOWNe i

iT THE UFO WASN=-T THROUGH PLAYING. IT FOLLOWED THEM, FLYING JUST BEHIND l

JEEP ANO ABOUT NINE FEET ABOVE THE GROUND e TRE JEEP ANO THE SUR SCUND ING ]

AREA WERE ILLUMINATED Sy THE BRIGHT GLOW EMITTED SY THE OSYECTse NO NOISE!

EAT CAME FROM IT. GONCALVES DROVE AT GBREAKNECK SPEED OVER THE NAPROW » ]

| POAD « HE CHASE LASTED ABOUT FIFTEEN MINUTES > UNTIL. THE JEEP REACHED

TA=R THICKET wHERE THE ROAD PASSED THROUGH THE wOOODSe GONCALVES HOPED THE 2

-) COULON=T FLY UNDER THe SMALL TREES. RE WAS RIGHT. FOR TREY WATCHED THES

J22T PASS BEHIND THE TREES AND OISAPPEAR. THINKING THE OSUYECT HAD LEFT » 2

Y RELAXED « BUT WHEN THEY CEFT THE PROTECTION OF THE WOODS THEY SPOTTED IT 2

2ING OVER THE THICKET s« HIGHER [IN THE SKY NOW, AS THOUGH THE OSJECT WERE 2

TING FOR THEM .TO REAPPEAR. THE ROAO CURVED TOWARD A HILL A FEW HUNDRED 2

AWAYse THE OBJECT DIVED A HIGH SPEED, NOT TOWARD THe JEEP SUT STRAIGHT 2

*RU THE TOP OF THE HILL» WELL AHEAD OF THE VEHICLE. THEN IT DESCENDED OvER=

-L.» STOPPING N THE GROUND IN THE MIDOLE OF THE ROAD. IT LOCKED THEIR 2

: ; i= —-—=P HAD STARTED TO CLIMS THE RHictle GONCALVES wAS PAN C—STRICKEN. 3

a . CT AD CUT OFF ESCAP= TOWARD TOWN» HE COULD NOT GC BACK. 1 MADE HIS =

; -- H&= KEPT GOINGe THe JEEP PICKED UP SPEED A D THE YOUNG PEOPLE 6

FOR THE NEVITABLE CRASH. i.

i =} TRANGE THING HAPPENEDe AS THE CAR CLIMBED THE HILL ITS HEADLIGHTS 3

5 \OUALLY RAISED UNTIC. THE SEAMS CF LIGHT HIT THE UFO DIRECTLY. O THE 3

k 7 =" EVERYONE IN THE JEEP THE OBVECT BEGAN TO WOBBLE TOLENTLYs THED _s

MAITGHT - INTO THE AIR AS THOUGHT r WAS RUNNING AWAY. GONCALVES MEPT 3

-ELERATOR PRESSED DOWN. TREY PASSE "HE POINT 4=RE THE =© AD SAT, 5
. ‘ r GC IG e THEY PASSED LIST , =e THE OBJECT, A SE BO iO T

iTH THEM, MINUTES CATER Tr >T BEGAN TC SLL OW E JEEP IN» S

? 2TANCE » AFTER TEN MINUTES F T Sy We os 3 SNGEOD COURSE AND CLIMS=cf ‘

y ‘me ee iTS 1 GI 7 feN T OUT XT A SOUT TRS rt n= ; FEET w 4 or VAN " y -

, = .

= o ‘ wow De ~

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