PROJECT BLUE BOOK

PROJECT I0073 RECORD CARD
1. DATE 2 LOCATION 12. CONCLUSIONS
0 Was Balloon
7 May 57 Rndally Iowa. 00 Probobly Balloon
3. Possibly Bolioon
DATE-TIME GROUP 4. TYPE OF OBSERYATION
Locol Ground-Visual Ground-Rador 000 Was Aircralt Was Aircraft
000 Probably Aircraft Probably Aircraft
GMT 670845 67 0845 Ain Visuel Ain Visuel Air-Intercupt Roder Air-Intercupt Rader Passibly Aircrolt
5. PHOTOS PHOTOS 16. SOURCE Wax Axtronomicol Wax Axtronomicol
CY CY Probab!y Astronomical
EXNo Civ Possibly Axtronomicol
800 000 00 000
7. LENGTH OF OBSERVATION 8. NUMBER OF OBJECTS NUMBER OF OBJECTS . COURSE 9. COURSE Other Other.
obj. jumped obj jumped Insulficien: Data for Evalualion
hour hour 1 around. around. Unknown
:O. BRIEF SUMMARY OF SIGHTING 11. 111. COMMENTS
1 obj. round, size of dime, color-blue. Obj. 1 obj. round, size of dime, color-blue. Obj. it-ia guit@/obviqus from-disgription
observed through binoculars for  hr. obj. of of ODd. ,&/0ss) & CEss observatiorwith observatiorwith
seemed to jump around an d did Rot dissapear.
ster or/planhet.
Possibce A)(eN) RULAND COMET
OSSERVATON
ATIC FORM 329 (REV 26 SEP 32)

the engineers report.
It can increase the power output of a owarning g young doctors before they went the minimum daily requirement it supplies
transformer coil by 30% and promises to out into practice, Dr. Fox said. for adults and children.
be of value for transformers, high tempera- Every medical student and intern should It was known in 1941 that niacin plays
ture applications, memory devices and tele- have it drummed into him just as tavern an important role in human nutrition, but
phone receiver r diaphragms, they state. owners tell their bartenders they will be until now there has been no general agree-
Magnetica amplifiers using the alloy can useless once they start drinking themselves. ment on its minimun daily requirenent,
be reduced in size by 20% and still furnish "It is time every doctor-you and me-- Dr. E. M. Nelson, Food and Drug Ad.
the same output. In high power electronic and every medical student-be told the 'facts ministration, U. S. Department of Health,
circaits t the new material will, in some of life' when it comes to narcotic addiction," Education and Welfare, reported.
cases, reduce the number of amplification Dr. Fox warns his colleagues. The minimum daily requirement of ribo-
stages fromn two to one, and make further Science News Letter, March 23, 1957 flavin was set at two milligrams in 1941,
miniaturization possible. PUBLIC HEALTH Dr. Nelson said, but this was based upon
The alloy is particularly valuable because rather limited evidence in the cure of
it can be cold rolled like other soft magnetic 7B Among Students ariboflavinosis a discase caused by too little
materials into the thin gauges that are so Shows Sharp Decline riboflavin in the diet.
vital to modern requirements, the engineers Nutrition scientists are now generally
said. agreed that the daily requirement may be
Science News Letter, March 23, 1957 IN THE PAST 15 years, the incidence met by one-balf that amount, he said.
of active and arrested cases of tuberculosis Science News Lotter, March 23, 1957
MEDICINE among college students has dropped off
Large Number of Dope sharply. MEDICINE
Dr. J. DeWitt Fox, Detroit, Mich., reports animal nerve fibers after they are injured,
in the Journal of the Michigan State Medical sociation. Drs. H. J. Gamble, F. Goldby and G. M. R.
Society (Feb.). Tuberculin skin reaction tests were given Smith, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School,
Warning all doctors not to overlook the to more than 2,000 cntering students last reported in Natare (March 9).
menace in their own medical bags, Dr. Fox spring. Reactions were correlated with chest This temperature effect is important t be-
quotes Dr. Harris Isbell, director of the X-ray results. Nineteen percent of the group cause one of the commnonest methods for
U. S. Public Health Service Hospital for had positive reactions. Only two of this - investigating pathways and connections in
addicts in Lexington, Ky., as saying that group were found to be active cases. the nervous system involves studying the
scarcely a week passes when a "physician A similar survey in 1940-41 resulted in degeneration that takes place after experi-
who is a Demerol addict is not admitted 40% positive reactions and another in 1946- mental injury. It is essential to know how
to our institution." 47 showed 65% positives. much time must clapse before it can be
Since Demerol, a newer pain killing drug, The large percentage of positives in the assumed that the surviving nerve fibers,
made its appearance, most new doctor ad- latter survey was thought to be the result normal I in appearance, cannot have been
dicts take to it rather than morphine, Dr. of the large inflax of veterans, mnany of affected by the injury, the researchers re-
Fox reports. whom served in areas where exposure to ported.
Physician addicts fall into three classes: the disease was frequent. The effects of temperature were studied
there are alcoholic physicians who relieve "Modern methods of tuberculosis treat- in lizard-like animals that adjust their body
hangovers with opiates; tired doctors who ment are so effective that students with temperatures to that of the surrounding
babitually blot out fatigue with a narcotic; active discase often lose but one semester," air. Animals kept at 68 degrees Fahrenheit
and doctors suffering pain from disease, Dr. Huberty satys. "They may return the showed the same amount of degeneration
who overdose themselves with opiates. next semester and continue their educations within only three days that was found after
"The overly fatigued physician is all too under chemotherapy which maintains thein three wecks in animals kept 12 degrees
common. He loses sleep several nights, re- in a non contagious state." cooler.
ceives another call, which he feels he cannot Science News Letter, March 23, 1957 Science News Letter. March 23, 1957

as dusk gathers.
By the time the western sky is completely dog. eter is not enough to cause it to cover the
dark, Mercury will also have gone out of To the right, directly west, is Orion, the sun completely, as it does in a total solar
sight. warrior. Part of this figure is below the eclipse.
Because of this, Mereury does not appear Because of this, Mereury does not appear horizon, at the times for which our maps Instead, a ring of sunlight will remain Instead, a ring of sunlight will remain
on the accompan on the accompanying aps, which show aps, which show are drawn, but Betelgeuse is still visible, visible around the dark lunar dise. To visible around the dark lunar disc. To
how the sky will look about 10 o'clock, how the sky will look about 10 o'clock, above the three stars that form his belt. above the three stars that form his belt. see this effect, one would have to be located
your own kind of standard time, at the Farther to the right is Taurus, the bull, along a curved area in the Arctic Ocean
beginning of April. It will appear similarly in which Mars now stands. Below the planet north of Russia. north of Russia.
about 9:O0 p.m. at the middle of the month, is Aldebaran, a first-magnitude star, al- Over part of European Russia, inost of
and about 8:00 p.m. at the end. though its low altitude causes it to be Asia and northwestern North America there
Also not shown on the accompanying dimmed. Above Orion is the figure of will be a partial eclipse, with the noon
maps is the comet scheduled to be visible Gemini, the twins, with Pollux, of the first passing partly in front of the sun. At passing partly in front of the sun. At
from the Northern Hemisphere in late magnitude, and Castor, of the second. Seattle, for example, the eclipse will start
April and May. It is predicted to blaze To the left of this group we find Procyon, at 5:05 p.m. PST, and end at 6:14 p.m.
forth at zero mnagnitude, making it one forth at zero magnitude, making it one in Canis Minor, the lesser dog. Still farther At 5:40 the eclipse will be at its maxi-
of the most brilliant objects in the sky at of the most brilliant objects in the sky at to the left, high in the southern sky, is mum, with 14% of the solar diameter
that time. that tine. Leo, the lion, with the bright star Regulus. Leo, the hion, with the bright star Regulus. covered, so it will not be a very large eclipse. covered, so it will not be a very large eclipse.
If the comet lives up to expectations, it This star, with a semicircle of stars just At Anchorage, Alaska, it lasts frorn 2.01
above, forms a little figure known as the p.m. to 4:02 p.m., Alaska standard time, p.m. to 4:02 p.m., Alaska standard time.
will be the biggest and most spectacular of Sickle. Regulus marks the end of the with the maximum at 3:00 p.m. when
its breed during the 20th century, brighter handle, which points downward. almost half of the solar diameter will be
than Halley's Comet, last seen in 1910. High in the east is Bootes, the bear-driver, covered.
Known as Comet Arend-Roland after the with brilliant Arcturus. Below this con-
two Belgian astronomers who discovered it, stellation we find Virgo, the virgin, with Protection for Eyes
the object was first spotted on Nov. 8, 1956. Spica, as well as Jupiter, a temporary visitor.
Since then, astronomers both here and Finally, low in the northeast, Vega, part People who live in these areas, of course,
abroad followed it with their telescopes of Lyra, the lyre, is indicated. Even more should not try to look at the eclipse with-
until it traveled too close to the sun to be than Aldebaran, its brilliance is dimmed by out adequate protection for the eyes.
seen. By the end of April, it will be far its low altitude, but later in the night, as Smoked glass or several layers of over-
enough away from the sun to be visible
again.
Its brilliance will fade rapidly and it will 8
disappear from naked-cye siew by. the first. URSA MAJOR CANES VENATICI
of June. During late April, the comet will APRIL Castor RIG
appear very low in the northwest sky after 1957 DIPPER
sunset, between the constellations of Andro- GEMINI
meda and Aries, the ram. LYNX BODTES
Comet Arend Roland will reach its peri URSA
helion on April 8, when it will be only 29.7 AURIGA MINOR
million miles from the sun. Capella Polaris* LITLE CORONA
Two planets besides Mercury are shown. o DIDPER
Brightest is Jupiter, which shines high in TAURUS MARS DRACO
CASSIOPEIA HERCULES
the south in the constellation of Virgo, the PERSEUS
virgin. Jupiter is now so brilliant, about 15 CEPHEUS
times as bright as a typical star of the first Aldebaran Schedir vegs
magnitude, thcre will be litle difficulty in
locating it. WEST Nortl EAST

Science News Letter for March 23, 195)
LEO MINOR
TESICKIE" CANCER Pollux
1957 APRIL COMA BERENICES legulus
returus DenebolLEO
Q GEMINI
BOTES JUPITER CANIS
ProcyaMINOR
CRATER
VIRGO Spica MONOCEROS Betelgeuse
CORVUS HYORA
SERDENS PUPPIS
* Sirius ORION
LIBRA CANIS
VELA
EAST Juce South WEST
** SYMBOLS FOR STARS IN ORDER OF BRIGHTNESS
exposed photographic film should be used. Subtract one hour for CST, two hours for
Sun glasses or welder's goggles are not MST, and three for PST.
sufficient protection. Science News Letter, March 23, 1957
Mercury, which appears at the middle
of April, has mean distance from the sun
of only 36,000,000 miles, somewhat more
than a third the carth's distance of 93,000,
000 miles.
As it swings around the sun, it appears y ..
alternately to the west and east of that alternatcly to the west and east of that
body. In the former case it moves ahead
of the sun as they make their daily trip
around the sky. Then it may appear just
before sunrise, in the morning twilight.
When east of the sun, as it is in April, it When east of the sun, as it is in April, it
remains above the western horizon after the
sun has set. However, this does not always
bring it into our view.
When such an eastern "elongation" occurs
in the autunn, it is not nearly as favorable
for evening viewing as when it occurs in
the spring.
In April this year conditions are almost
at their best, so take advantage of your
opportunity.
Even when Mercury does thus come into
view, it never remains visible after twilight
has faded and it is never seen very high
in the sky, while the period over which
it can be easily observed is not more than
about a week.
The great Polish astronomer Copernicus,
who showed that the planets revolve around
the sun, is said never to have seen Mercury.
Even at an elongation, the low-flying mists
usually obscured it.
r
Celestial Time Table for April
APRIL EST
4 10:41 p.m. Moon passes Mars.
7 3:32 p.m. Moon at first quarter.
1I 8:00 p.m. Moon nearest, distance 226,100
miles.
12 9:02 a.m. Moon passes Jupiter.
14 7:09 a.m. Full moon.
8:00 a.m. Venus passes behind sun.
15 4:00 a.m. Mercury farthest cast of sun.
17 9:41 p.m. Moon passes Saturn.
21 10:00 a.m. Neptune nearest, distance 2,-
724,000 miles.
6:00 p.m. Moon in last quarter.
23 4:00 p.m. Moon farthest, distance 251,500
miles.
29 6:54 p.m. New moont-partial eclipse of
sun visible in northwestern
North America.

Sgf. Wiel:
To Be Visible ASTRONOMY
New Comet Will be.
On Saturday Visible to Naked Eye
Clear skies permitting, a vis- A BRIGHT new comet will be visible
it r from outer space will be to the naked eye in late April and early May.
visible at sunset Saturday.. It may shine at zero magnitude, making
The Arend-Rol and comet The Arend-R ol and comet it one of the most brilliant objects in the it one of the most brilliant objccts in the
reached its closest position to sky at that time. Known as Comet Arend. sky at that time. Known as Comet Arend-
Roland, the object was discovered on Nov.
the sun on Apri 8, and now is the sun on Aprii 8, and now is 8, 1956, a correction of the Nov. 6 date ..
catbound. catbound. originally reported. (See SNL, Dec. 1, originally reported. (See SNL, Dec. 1,
It should be suffieiently far 1956, p. 345.)
ehough away from the sun to Since then astronomers both here and
be seen by the naked eye at sun- be seen by the naked eye at sun- abroad have followed it with thcir telescopes
and now have sufficient observations to plot
set Saturday. its future path in the sky.
It's tail will be pointing away Although it can be seen by persons in
from the sun, and it should be from the sun, and it should bo the Southern Hemisphere before dawn dur-
as bright as tha brightest star ing the first half of April, people in the
in the April sky. Northern Hemisphere will not be able to
look at it until the end of April and the
The comet should be visible beginning of May. after sunset. Then the
just above the horizon, slightly comet will have passed between the earth
northward of due West, where and the sun.
the sun sets. Its brilliance will fade rapidly and it will
About May 1, the comet will disappear from naked-eye view by the first disappear from naked-eye view by the first
havs risen higher in the West. hava risen bigher in the West. of June. During the last part of April it T
ern sky, passing between tho- will appear very low in the northwest sky
constellations Capeila and Cas- after sunset.
slopeia, the "wy" constellation. Ya " Science News Lell February 9, 1957
The comet named for two 20
B-igian atronomers who discov.
red it Nov. 8, 19s. should be
viuibie for the rest of April and
May.
Wew Conet at end of Opil
andfirct
May.
melf f Wed i ted
as UFOs flyiig sancers by Sone. This
Cmet wso Thres nonth
ago.
sanein CK
.
.

discoveries, four new ones, nine returning
Only when one of these snowballs periodic comets. and two "annual" comets The visual appearance of many comets
penetrates into inner parts of (visible in all parts of their nearly cir- is suggested by this Naval Observatory
the planetary system does its appearance cular orbits). Remarkably, observations of photograph of 1958e (Burnham-
change. Solar heating evaporates its sur- all 23 wcre obtainiced by Elizabcth Roemer Slaughter on Novenber 10, 1958.
face layers, forming a halo of gas and with the U. S. Naval Observatory's 40-inch four months before perihelion. Stars
dust. As the comet approaches nearer telescope in Arizona. are trailed because the d0.inch tele-
to the sun, this s scope was guided to follow the moving
ling may proceed Nearly every year two or more bright comet during the 63-minute-long cx- CX-
until we sce that the small, bright nu- until we se that the small, bright nu- comets are first recognized comets are first recognized by amatcurs posure. The posure. The comet was about 220. 220
cleus is surrounded by a ncbulous coma cleus is surrounded by a nebulous coma with small telescopes. However, most new with small telesco pes. However, most new million miles from the sun.
many thousands of miles across, with a ones are relative oncs are relativel bjects, picked jects, picked one new comet per 200 hours of sweeping
tail inillions of miles long, pointing away tail millions of miles long, pointing away up accideneally in th up accideneally se of sky-map of sky-map As soon as a newl As soon a newly discovered discovered come come
from the sun. Then, as the comet re- from the sun. Ihen, as the conet re- ping programs with I ping programs with wide-field photo wide-field photo- is 1 reported to the astronomical informa astronomical informa
cedes, the tail cedes, the tail and coma shrink and and coma shrink and graphic telescopes. Since 1946 a systematic is reported to
vanish. leaving vanish. leaving only the nucleus. Since only the nucleas. Since visual search has been maintained at Skal- tion centers at tion centers at Hary rvard and Copenhager ard and Copenhager
the ejected gas and dust have been perma- nate Pleso Observatory in Czechoslovakia, observatories, it reccives a provisiona observatories, it reccives a provisiona
nently lost into interplanetary space, each nently lost into interplanetary space, each with 25 x 100 binoculars. On the aver. with 25 x 100 binoculars. On the aver. year-and-letter designation. Thus the firs year-and letter designation. Thus the firs
time a comet passes near the sun its mass age, this highly successful program yields age, this highly successful program yields one found in 1963, by the Japanese ana
teur K. Ikeya, became 1963a. The sixth
detected last year on detected last year on October 9th ane
called 196sf. is a faint periodic come
picked up on its 17th return since 11 return since I1
d'Arrest discovered it in 1851.
Several years after discovery, those Several years afte discovery, those
comets whose orbi efinitely know
reccive permanent n-numeral Iabels
indicating the time their passage
through perihelion 1960 1 (initially
called 196ob was the first of the nine ob
served comets whose perihelion dates came
that year.
After thrce or more accurate position
of a new comet have been measured at
intervals of a few days. an approximate
orbit can be computed. Normally three
sufice, but not if the t three points on
the celestial sphere can be joined by a
great circle. In this hand certain othei
ambiguous cases, a fourth observation
must be added.
Arend Roland 1956h became one of
the brightest comets in recent years.
It was a conspicuous naked-eye feature
in the evening spring sky of i957. This
photograph was taken on May 2.3 that
year by a New York amateur astrono-
mer, Charles Cuevas. At the time, he
estimated the visual magnitude of
1956h as 3.5. This conct had an
anomalous second tail pointing sun
ward, in the form of a long narrow
spike, that was outstanding about
April 25th, but less conspicuous s when
this picture was made.

months before it becomes too faint to Diagram from "A omie," by L. Rudaux and G. de Vaucouleurs.
follow. (Comet Stearns 1927 IV was)
tracked for four years before it was lost.) is near the orbit of Meroury, while at perturbations a much less formidable task.
It is then possible to compute a definitive aphelion it is nearly as distant as Jupiter It is now feasible to trace the motion of
orbit. which utilizes all the positional from the sun. It just attains naked eye a coinet during many revolutions and
measurements. In this calculation the visibility at favorable reuurns. Often through complex trausformations. The
shape of the orbit is determined, instead Encke's Comct is said to have the shortest results of one such study are reported on
of being assumed parabolic. known period. However, the faint ob- page 16 of this issue.
Amost always. the orbit is highly clon- ject 1949 111 (Wilson-Harn ington) has been An important question is whether the
gated, with only a small arc covered by assigned a period of 2. cars. This poor- comets that we observe have all originated
our observations. Halley's Comet, for ly observed comet has never been seen within the solar system, or whether some
instance. has period 76 years. but since its discovery year. are interlopers from interstellar space.
during its last return (perihelion was Cometary orbital motions are greatly There are. indeed, a small fraction of
April 20, 1910) be observed only disturbed by the gravitational attractions comets whose orbits appear to be hyper-
from September, 1909 July, 1911. The of the plancts, especially Jupiter. We bolic rather than closed curves. but in
path of Halley's Con ellipse of may visualize a comct orbit as an ellipse any particular inst: ance it is conccivable
eccentricity 0.967, so it stance from the that is constantly changing slightly in that the observed hyperbolic shape could
sun ranges from 0.59 to 35.3 astronomical size, shape, and oricntation; on the oc- have been imparted by planctary pertur-
units. At present this famous object is casion of a ncar approach to Jupiter the bations.
still outside Neptune's orbit, but is travel. alteration can be large and rapid. Very Hence it is necessary to compute back-
ing inward on its next return to the sun's lengthy calculations are t needed to follow ward, step by step. the path along which
vicinity in 1986. the course of the comet step by step. the comet approached the sun. taking ac-
Encke's Comet is notable for its short Nowadays electronic computers have curate account of planetary perturbations.
The head of Halley's ellipses. Thus. all comets, or nearly all,
Comet, in a four-minute are permanent members of our solar
exposure with the system.
Mount Wilson 60.inch An carlier attempt to settle this ques-
reflector on May 5, tion failed for an interesting reason. Since
1910. In this large-scale the sun is moving about 12 niles a second
view, the small, bright toward Hercules, then more interstellar
nucleus is surrounded
by several diffuse asym- comets should tend to approach us from
metric envelopes. The that direction than the opposite. More
coma appeared densest discoveries should take place in that half
on the side facing the of the sky.
sun. This famous comet The catch to this idea is the nonran-
has been seen on at dom nature of comet discoveries. There
least 29 returns. One
of the carliest extant are many more astronomers in the North-
comet pictures is con- ern Hemisphere than the Southern; comet
tained in the famous hunters favor warm spring nights to win-
Bayeux tapestry. show- ter ones: and the evening sky is better
ing the 1066 apparition patrolled than the morning. In fact, the
of Halley's Comet. distribution of discovery points over the
sky is almost entirely determined by these
accidental factors.
(To be continued)
Jannary. 19G4, SKY AND TELESCOPE 23

Scortiy aftar
SLOWLy overhead near' Oxnard AF3' Wy
and eitd:
w'in.vien
41 sinilar objoctas inilarobioctas
tatore nidnight? tatore nidnight b b acC pereonnel ihclud- OcC pereounel Ihclud-
ing or-lleys staff writer r-lleys staff writer
and I/Sgt. Dewey Orow. Wagner, an expert and P/Sgt.. Dewey Orow. Wagner,: an exper
on airoraft ixdentifieution, has been in on.airoraft ixdentiftcution, has been in
charge of the air mcvement idontification. charge of the air mcvement-idontification
cantar of the GCC at Pasadena for 6 yro. cantar of the GcC at Pasadena for 6 yre.
Thinking it was a balloon, Wagner, chgcka Thinking it was a balloon, Wagner chgckn
reauy the.
eronearar ArE, and th C. A. A.
Ereryona-diaclained tha odjectr Radar
ailed ta-piek,up thd objeot in botk An-
atazces.i:

(UFO INVESTIGATION)
Page 1
U.S. AIR FORCE TECHNICAL INFORMATION 8.1
w
This questionnaire has been prepared so that you can give the U.S. Air Force as much
information as possible concerning the unidentified aerial phenomenon that you have observed.
Please try to answer as many questions as you possibly can. The information that you give will
,be used for research purposes. Your name will not be used in co ection with any statements,
conclusions, or publications without your permission. We request this personal information so
that if it is deemed necessary, we may contact you for further details.
9.
1.When did you see the obje-cT - plaral 2.Time of day: 30 APPROX
TO () Hours Minutes
ASUNDAYIN_APRIL A SUNDAYINAPRIL 1957 195-7 (Circle One): A.M. or P.M.
Day Month Month Year Year
10.
3. Time Zone:
(Crcia One): a. Eustern (Circie One): a. Daylighr Saving (Circie One): a. Daylight Saving
b. Central b. Central b. Standard
Mountain
d. Pacific
e. Other
11.
4. Where were you when you saw the object?
PALSTON POSD AT iUADSWOATH BY-PASS ARYADA COLRADO
Nearest Postal Address City or Town State or County
5. How long was object in sight? (Total Duration) 10-15 (EACH)
Hours Minutes Seconds
a. Certain c. Not very sure 12.
5. Fairly certain d. Just a guess
5.1 How was tims in sight determined?
5.2 Was object in sight continuously? Yes No
6. What was the condition of the sky? 13.
(DAY NIGHT
0. Bright ≠ cL=AR a. Bright
b. Cloudy
7. If you saw the object during DAYLIGHT, where was the SUN located as you looked at the object?
(Circle One): a. in front of you) d.To your left
b. In back of you e. Overhead
C.To your right f. Don't remember
FORM
FTD OCT 62 164 This form supersedes FTD 164. jul 61, which is obsolete.

SATTHA7 TIME. PERHAPS yove
20INNESTIGATION)
Page T Page 2
8IF you saw the object at NIGHT, what did you notice concerning the STARS and MOON?
8.1 STARS(Circle One): 8.2 MOON (Circle One):
th a. None a. Bright moonlight
ad. b. A few b.Dull moonlight
vill c. Many c. No moonlight-pitch dark
1ts, d. Don't remember d. Don'tremember
so
9. What were the weather conditions at the time you saw the object?
CLOUDS(Circle One): WEATHER (Circle One):
APPROX. a. Clear sky- a.Dry
tes b. Hazy b. Hazy .Fog, mist, or light rain b. Fog, mist, or light rain
c. Scattered clouds c. Moderate or heavy rain
P.M. Thick or heavy clouds d. Snow d. Snow
e. Don'tremember e. Don'tremember
10. The object appeared: (Circle One): 0. The object appeared: (Circle One):
a. Soild d. as a light
b. Transparent e. Don't remember
C. Vaporous(opaque)
If it appeared as a light, was it brighter than the brightest stars? (Circle One):
a. Brighter Brighter c. About the same c Ahout the so
b. Dimmer d. Don'tknow
120
Counly 11.1 Compare brightness to some common object:
12. The edges of the object were:
(Circle One): a. Fuzzy or blurred e. Other.
b.Like a bright star
c. Sharply outlined
d. Don'tremember
Did the object: (Circle One for each question)
a. Appear to stand still at any time? Yes No Don't know
b. Suddenly speed up and rush away at any time? Yes No Don'tknow
c. Break up into parts or explode? Yes No Don't know
d. Give off smoke? Yes No Don't know
e. Change brightness? Yes (No) Don't know
f. Change shape? Yes No Don't know
g. Flash or flicker? Yes No Don't know
h. Disappear andreeppeent (Yes) No Don't know
AAPPORENTLY BY CHANCE IN ANGLE OF REHUTION
AAODRENTLY CAANGE RENTUE PLANE

Official U.S. Air Force UFO form c
Page 3
14. Did the object disappear while you were watching it? If so, how? 4ES. THE (3sE7s (rw0) APPEARED Do you think you can estimnat
71 DISAPPEAR.PRCDAO B6CDUSE NGAR TPE GND OF OUR OBSERUATION (Circle One)
RERS UEWIN CTE oMBNSION.
IF you answered YES, then v
.Do you think you can estimat
15. Did the object move behind something at any time, particularly a cloud?
No) (Circle One)
(CircleOne): Yes Don't know. IF you answered YES, then tell what
IF you answered YES, then h
it moved behind:
22. Where were you located wh
(Circle One):
Did the object move in front of something at any time, particularly a cloud? aInside a building
(Circle One): Yes No Don't know. IF you answered YES, then tell what b. In a car
in front of:(ND ABOys) c0 in frontoh: SND ABOVs) CaNE A A1DCSNET (FUR-PRD) DCSNET (EUR-PEUD) c. c. Outdoors Outdoors
d.In an airplane (type) d. In an airplane (type)
e. Atsea e. At sea
f. f. Other.. Other.
.Tell in a few words the following things about the abject: 17. Tell in a few words the following things about the object:
a. SoundNVE 24. IF you Were MOVING IN AI
b. Color_ HED 24.1 What direction were yc
*MH WIEE SAYS " BRULNED SILVER" #MH WIE SAYS " BRULHED SILVER" a. North
b. Northeast
18. 18. We wish to know the angular size. Hold a match stick at arm's length in line with a known object and note how much of the
object is covered by the head of the match. If you had performed this experiment at the time of the sighting, how much of 24.2 How fast were you moy
the object would have been covered by the match head? the object would have been covered by the match head? /iiL c/ RLL CFIT EHSM) WITH STANDARD WOODEN FHEN) WITH STANDARD WOODEN 24.3 Did you stop at any tim
NITCHEN MM . A TELCPHVE away). (Circle One)
+ STOPPED APTER
2.Did you observe the object th
a. Eyeglasses
19. Draw a picture that will show the shape of the object or objects. Label and include in your sketch any details of the object b. Sun glasses
that you saw such as wings, protrusions, etc., and especially exhaust trails or vapor trails. Place an arrow beside the drawing c. Windshield
to show the directian the object was moving. NE PROTRUSIGNS CR VAPOR TRANS, NO HARKINGS OR d. Window glass
CASR NOTICCHDLE SHAPES ON THEIR SORFACES. INITIALLY.THER
(20-85 PUZZY) 26. In order that you can give as
II IU. V. jects which, when placed up
I. NOTAING. THEY
DEPUT VORIOUS GNGNES OF VU OEFODE DISPPPEAPANCS SELN BEFORE :
PLUSTRATIONS
WHICH 1 THAE4
AS IN FIGI, P

a
07/08452
/usitus ATC
9 MaY 57 10 19
VPH62D WPD138 YME1 IKFATI9KFG071FGK3B4
AR RJEDEN RJEDWP RJEPHO ASTRO
DE RJEDKF 1GK
R8817002 ate
FM COMDR 788TH ACWRON WAVERLY AFS IA c:ie
TO RJEDEN/COMDR ENT AFB COLO SPRINGS COLO
RJEDKF/COMDR 2DTH ADIV RICHARDS GEBAUR AFB MO
RJEDWP/COMDR AIR TECH INTELL CENTER WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB OHIO (
RJEPHQ/DIRECTOR INTELL HO USAF WASH D C
BT
/U N C L A S S I F I E D/788-08-E-D1/IAW AFR 20Z-2: UNFOB
1. A. ROUND 2. 2. A. ERIGHT SPOT IN SKY A. ERIGHT SPOT IN SKY Y 3. 3. AM GRCUND VISUAL AM GROUND VISUAL
B. DIME B. NE OF POSITION B. FINOCULARS
C. BLUE C. DID NOT DISAPPEAR C. N/A C. N/A
D. ONE D. OBJECT JUMPED AROUND
E. N/A E. DID NOT DISAPPEAR
F. N/A F. N/A F. ONE HALF HOUR F. ONE HALF HOUR
G NONE NONE
H. NONE
I. NONE
S

Air Force UFO form continued
Tey
Page 3
APPEHRED 2.Do you think you can estimate the speed of the object? 124
PRUATION (Circle One) Yes
No 42out
IF you answered YES, then what speed would you estimate?
M49
21. Do you think you can estimate how far away from you the object was?
(Circle One) Yes No
tell what
IF you answered YES, then how far away would you say it was?.
(20 On)
22. Where were you located when you saw the object? 3. War/ ass iection of a cfy?
(Circle One): centiol section of a ut
01
Inside a building b. l E ntrside?
tell what b. In a car C. Ir ctald? .
c. Outdoors d. No ecty?
d.In an airplane (type) .F e aoen country?
e. Atsea
f. Other. 9.0c
on somplete the fallowms
24. IF you were MOVING IN AN AUTOMOBILE or other vehicle at th
24.1 What direction were you moving? (Circle One) 9. West
o. North c. East e. South h. Northwest
b. Northeast d. Southeast f. Southwas
d note how much of the 30-3miles per hor
sighting, how much of 24.2 How fast were you moving?
DARD WOODEN 24.3 Did you stop at any time while you were looking at the abject?
ow beside the drawing c. Yes No 9.
HKINGSOR d. Window glass Yes (No) h. Other
CAHCES. # INETIALLY.THEN THROOH CPSN LSFT S165 tloe in your own wores a common
26. In order that you can give as clear a picture as possible of what you ne abject which you sew.
jects which, when placed up in the sky, would givethe same appeorn ET we HAD BUSR
THEY LOOSED KIKE NO OOUMS HOYBE A DISCVS
AS cevEperl SHNPE.
COPANCE SEEN BEFORE ONDER ANY CONDITION..
AS IN FIG. II, PARAGRAPH 19.

Official U.S. Air Force UFO form cc
Page 5
27. In the following sketch, imagine that you are at the point shown. Place an "A" on the curved line to show how high the object 0. Have you ever seen this, or a sir
was above the horizon (skyline) when you first saw it. Place a "B" on the same curved line to show how high the object was NEITHER BE1
above the horizon (skyline) when you last saw it. Place an "A" on the compass when you first saw it. Place a "B" on the com.
pass when you last saw the object.
WIN? DIREOTIAN
90 75°
N . Was anyone else with you at t
B
31.1 IF you answered YES, did
45
AA HIGMEST POINT NW NE 31.2 Please list their names and
ROINA M. SPE
30° LINDA L. SPE
& Xw E MARLENE M.S
SOINT
o. A
15 StT GON NOE 5 DI
SW Sε
Please give the following inforr 32. Please give the following inforr
0° S s
NAME
Last No Last Na
28. Draw a picture that will show the motion that the abject or objects made. Place an "A" at the beginning of the path, a "B" at
the end of the path, and show any changes in direction during the course. ADDRESS
- St
0000000 TELEPHONE NUMBER
0000000
PIEURAFT
(Dc-6) DE-6 DNTOF LIEW Indicate any additional inform
X
29. IF there was MORE THAN ONE object, then how many were there?U 2)
33. When and to whom did you re
Day

Air Force UFO form continued
Page 5 Page 6
ow how high the object Hav you evr seen th  smir ject befo  giv dater dats an locaton.
ow high the object was NEITHER BEFORGOR SiNCE
'lace a "B" on the com-
3. Was anyone else with you at the time you saw the object? (Circle One) Yes No
31.1 IF you answered YES, did they see the object too? (Circle One) Yes No
31.2 Please list their names and addresses:
Ros 35 AT THAT TIME)
Nos 10 AT THHT TIME)
7 A7 THAT TIME)
E
GON AGE 5 0IP NET
SE
32. Please give the following information about yourself: 32. Please give the following information about yourself:
NAME
Last Name Last Name First Name Middle Name
ing of the path, a "B" at RRVADA C0.ORADOFO0O2 COLORADO f0002
ADDRESS
Street Street City Zone State
TELEPHONE NUMBER AGE 16 SEXMALE SEX_MALE
00000008 00000007 -
Indicate any additional information about yourself, including any special experience, which might be pertinent. Indicate any additional informatian about yourself, including any special experience, which might be pertinent. .
HEW
aveling. Gie 3vs)
T THE
33. When and to whom did you report that you had seen the object?
APRN 1957 THE DENUER POST)
Day Month Year WOHO ISTUGTED

Co
Dasntsd
Startdel ahoped
iphid ied throgile iths opin Iefp any an
Ciaeit
lk ss B
Pmiy pairingude ivsne de dono
Us ths ofent disaphiareg none lglids ak, "ihate ReirBd
icvare of wht I dod sn inlelrns
balon:
athesat
X DC-6, D sh
fecto. We well

22D choped thnig,
ud it wan
e Ze wnly waguely
"Dhots
anoth cisplans, refhertes (frofectid t
We will foliats yow counents.
S

fied object" wh ich "flashed across their screens t traveling at 60,000 feet. The
operators said the object suddenly dived to a height of feet, made two
whirls, then vanished to the south. whirls, then vanished to the south. It was last re It was eported seen heading toward seen heading toward
the Isle of iian the Isle of iian." (UP declared that JP declared that "officials refused to "officials refused say in which direction y in which direction
and at what speed it s traveling.") traveling.") "e do not know what the object was," "ile do not know what the object was," an an
Air Ministry spokest Air Ministry spokesman said. "Intelligence experts are studying the report and
a detailed statement may be made next week." (UP also stated that "a mystery
object spotted on object spotted on radar screens in Scotland may have been a Soviet reconnaisance
plane.")I plane.") Royal Air Force officials said no Royal Air Force officials said no planes were in the area at the time. planes were in the area at the time.
Unofficial souces described it as "too fast, too big, and too manoeuverable for
a plane." Full roports of the incident were turned in to the Air iinistry in roports of the incident were turned in to the Air ilinistry in
London. It was stated officially that "their experts take a serious view" of
such reports. No further details have been forthcoming. -- N.Y. Journal-American such reports. No further details have been forthcoming. -- N.Y. Journal-American
Apr. 6 (INS); H.Y. Sunday News, Apr. 7 (UP Apr. 6); N.Y. Sunday Mirror, Apr. 7 Apr. 6 (INS); H.Y. Sunday News, Apr. 7 (UP Apr. 6): N.H. Sunday lirror, Apr. 7
(AP Apr. 6); Newark Sunday News, Apr. 7 (AP); London Sunday Dispatch, Apr. 7.
) fet "The Moge
. Sone sy the
on FleglN tests. The
Z

(Many UFOs ian Jungles weeks!).
Fireballs by 3 Flanders
men. Aprx.:l. ;itude going West.
Apr.21-Swansboro,NC-9pm- Fireball traveling S high speed,at an
Altitude of abou lo0ft.! disappeared the OCEAN!. .
NE to SW:Disappeared over Horizon;in straight path,in seconds..
it shot'away.(Wit ec 2hrs., by RAF Intelligence).
Apr.30-London,Eng-11:3lpm-Glo ring.red d-orange Disc making circles South.
Apr.30-Dr.Pauling says iluclear-Tests(to date)have given 10,000 Cancer!
Apr.30-lluclear-Tests wil1 cause 200,000 MIND-Body injuries per generatio
Apr,X-D

-Test!)(+Miiit anecrash in Me.!
s disappear Marine Base!
1957;Apr
increasing numiber of
"Rockets"(believed Soviet)in the past 12 months!!
Quake in Calif.!)
1957,Apr. Secret,Heather-Research Plane crashes!(+A tiny Tornado
crosses N.corner of Lake Quassapaug,Conn. at lam!)(+another
Tornadoes last
ossibly to
1957,Apr.3- arch (+Russian
crash i deserted
Nuclear Device anloded
Y state,NJ & part of F
1/2inch H Hailstone fell during

No Case (Iniformation Only) 6 April, 1957
British Radar Sighting
Source: Satellite 1 June 1957 (Richard Hall)
BRITISH ISLES REVISITED
Oore infumation the Britinh rader
sighting of Apr. 6)1
Londen Exaning Kasa - April 6r
"Is was nevar soen by the ruked eye,
bit fts tosltien aud wreed were legged,
chacked, and doutlingnioxsd. Wing Con-
racder Malter Mhitverth, O,O. at tna MAF
wouber trials rangy..- (anid), 'I hive been
ondered by tho Air Minlstry to say notking
sbout the objeot, I an not allovad to ra-
voal Itx posibdon, cooras and spesd, Proo
Co coraut of pieatrg At, behine C coraut ol pieatrg tt, HPehi
freak
The (radar) eeta-io sapatute buili- The (radar) eeta-io separute build-
Ings - vere laft on for an axarsise. , A Ings - vere left on for an axarsise, , A
fox mimites later A signal appoered on fox mimites later a signal appoered on
both sereerd. Eaoh sot has a duplicate. both sereerd. I Eaoh Sot bas a duolicate,
Thay, too, were suitaned cn; they to0,
recorded the object,"
London Mav3 Chrmiala - April 6:
basa isaue
to the twd radar-onerato James movay
and John Holosky, both of Stranrer, who
picked wh, tbw objeoy on thair sereens."

vith all the chmrnotsristics of, the'flying
savcersl, Within ninutes after it nade
ita dppoarcnce, the streete and roota of
the butldings were rilled with. on-lookersl
who folloved the poth of the mgatarious
ocject, The objset appeered liks a boll
of fire, It went in end out of olowls.
It became bis and
wort- iseme iScmo
out floes-frco one of its sides, turn-
ing blue and then red moanwhile, ing blue and then red moanwnile, c). Mha until wtil
it dseppeared'in apace (in. the sky). Ma
nowspapery roceived recorts.from ail over
Campico rogarding the myaterions objeot."

PAGE TWO RJEDKF 1GK
4A07/0845 5A.N/A 6. A IOWA
NW RAILROAD DEPOT AGENT
D. NIGHT B. N/A
7. A. CLEAR . A. NONE 9. A. NONE
B. N/A B. N/A
C. UNLIMITED 5
D. NONE
E. NONE
F. NONE . .
10 A. NONE 11. A. NONE 12. A. NONE
CAPT DONALD J. SEMELSEI GER ASST. OPERATI OFFICER
BT
08/173Z MAY RJEDKF

aps three times
later a member of the Seabees in the as long.
Aleutian [slands. "The light was probably s smaller
Since the war he has not only than a dime at arm's length, but was
operated his construction bus iness large enough to appear definitely
but also has written and published circular in cutline. The unlighted
several boois. With his wife, Dr. machine was at lecast as large, or
Hozel J. Berglund, be wroke and possibly y larger, and gave an impres-
published It's Not All in Your Wimd. sion oi roundness also. But it wos
Since then he has pubiisted several then very indistinct, and prctrusions
books on excavation, including How would nat have been visible."
:o Operate Excavation Equipmant and
Mowing sbe Eartb.
Mr. Nichol's firsthand repaort fol-
Mo. If am Yo
it went out abruptly. A moment later.
a dull silvery cbject was very inintly
visible by direct reflecticn from the
moon. Its brightness was then simi-
lur to that ci the reflection oi the
moon in rippied water, not as bright
as cn still water. 1 This rflection
was faint and briei enough so that it
might have been an optical ilusion.
"The speed of the abject WC5
comparable to that of a southbcund

-
NO CASE (INFORMATION ONLY) 21 Apr 57
Sault Ste. Marie,Ont
ScCRcE: Fhymy Save-
Apri 21, 1957:
nrext day I sent the repor to the
Air Foree in Washington and got no
reply. I. would have sent the sight-
ing to you in your first issue but I
did not know there was such a mag-
azine at the time. The time was a- azime at the time. Th
bout 12:15 P.M. (EST), the Sky was
clear so-I decided it wonid be a good clear so I decided it wonid be a good
night to look through my telescope.
As I was about to lift my telescope
to lcok, a saucer appeared right over to lcok, a saucer appeared right over :4
me in the eastern sky. The object
wad pretty close to me as I could
make it ont very well. The saucer
was Hghted yellow, it had a circular was Nghted yellow, it had a circular
dise with a dome dise with a dome on top. On the on top. On the
dome I coukd see a round window. I dome I eoukd see a roumnd window. I
saw no one inside. I sighted it for
about a haif minute when it disap- about a haif minute when it disap-
peared behind our house (I was
standing at the side of it). As I could
see it, it was the size of a kite. The Bip
object was heading southwest at a
very fast speed. It did not make any
sound.
Norman R. Ouellette
Dwarsault Observatory Club
441 Sherbourne Street,
Sault Sta. Marle, Ont.
83

(CSI)
No Case (Information Only) 21 April 1957
Flanders, L.I., N.Y.
April 2l, l957. On Easter night 23 blue-green oval objects were seen April 21,1957. On Easter night 23 blue-green oval objects were seen h by a number of
residents of Flanders, Long Island (at th residents of Flanders, Long Island (at the eastern end eastern end of Suffolk County.) They f Suffolk County.) They
glided silently over at half-minute intervals (for similarities, see the Nov. 16
report from New Rochelle) and one witness, Hlichael Pace from New Rochelle) and one witness, Hlichael Pace of of 869 Flanders Road, 869 Flanders Road,
estimated their altitude at l000 feet and their speed at 200 to 300 mph. I estimated their altitude at l000 feet and their speed at 200 to 300 mph. Lt.Col.
Frederick Pleoty, executive officer at the Suffolk County Air Force Base, said
the Air Force is investigating. "I have no idea what these objects could be," he
said. "le had nothing but routine patrols in the air." --Long Island Daily Press, said. "e had nothing but routine patrols in the air." --Long Island Daily Press,
April 22, 1957. Apri1 22, 1957.
.

2M
Case #2 - Palada (Pyr,Orient.) April 22,1957.
Investigators: Jimmy Guieu -Chief of Iuvestigational Bureau of C.I.E. Ouranos.
Dr. Marcel Pages another
Oriental-Pyrenees Region and
Jacques Verpillot an investigator Jacques Verpillot an investigator from Marseille from Marseille that is also with
the C.I.E. Ouranos. the C.I.E. Curanos.
Data: Mr. Paul Jaubert,a retired judge wrote the C.I.E. Ouranos in Palada.
that live in Palada in that live in Palada in the village of Amelie-
les-Bains.(P.O).
FTD-TT-64-573/1+2 6
:

above some cherry trees in a hollow, near a bridge. The branches and foliage of
these trees were violently whipped about and "bent back and forth in every direction,"
until it seemed that the limbs would be torn off. The cone then resumed its slow .
course and "climbed" a hill - keeping about 30 yards above th ground; but the top
of the hill it rose abruptly Y into the sky and shot oward
the southwest.
No solid "machine" was discerned conical vortex
of red and blue "flame," the point at the top was about 15
feet. The size and shape could not be stated precisely, because some of the "flames"
emerged in all directions from the whirl, but in general i as conical,
Where the UFo had hovered in the vineyard, the swept about
and disordered. The vines were not in the least scorched, although the cone had been
only 15 feet above them; so probably the "flames" were not ordinary flamas but some
caused no compass deviation at all. This tends to show that something unusual had
affected the one first examined. Neither was there any residual magnetism detectable
in the ground. These tests were made in the presence of Messrs. Jacques Verpillot,
Ouranos investigator from Marseille, and Paul Jaubert, retired magistrate and Ouranos
correspondent for Palalda.
In company with Dr. Marcel Pages, Ouranos investigator Pyrenees-Orientales,
M. Verpillot and I visited the police station at Amelie-les-Bains and informed them
of this sighting, playing Che taped interview with the witnesses for them, The gen-
darmes told us that the Basous enjoy an excrllent reputation in the community, but
expressed surprise that the incident had not been reported to them in the first place.
We explained that this was because the witnesses had feared ridicule; this fear had
been disarmed by the scientific character of our investigation. We assur the police
that, on our request, the were willing to give them a complete report On May
l1 the police went to the farm to make i inquiries.

The flying object stopped for approximateluy 1 minute at 5 meters from the west-
-
directed
tus was meanwhile violently y whirling. The object whose 13 giration on the spot was
S
it rapidly ascended
The latter North-Easterly direction.
FTD-TT-64-572/1+2
.

the fence had wooden posts. 'Only the wire post (approximately
1 meter high) that was situated at approximately 5 meters from the immobilization
. -
tion being that that was already registered and is in absolutely no way an inherent
quality of this metal.
FTD-TT-64-572/1=2 8
.

of May.
Thi
ticing inferior to that of the signal poles from Vins.
9

officer.
E
was reported by the witnesses even though it was also
.
vibtations.
We are therefore dealing with two types of apparatus that are similar in form
of a special device that utilizes the magnetic field.
Conclusions:
Investigational Bureau,or the press.
Jimmy Guieu.
Note:
A new magnetic examination was conducted by Dr. Pages one month after the investi-
by Jimmy Guieu . This indeed exposed the , fact that metallic
as in Vins one can ask
FTD-TT-64-572/1+2 10

whether or not the proximity of the apparatus can possibly cause the apparatus that
are near to be temporarily neutralized in relation their normal state and yet
V
on these pieces of fence in order to establish their eventual magnetism. eventual
:
.
.

212 SCIEnce News LeTter for April 6, 1957
ASTRONOMY
Await Brilliant New Comet
ASTRONOMERS around the world are The comet is scheduled to reach the point
anxiously waiting for their first glimpse in its orbit closest to the sun on April 8,
of a comet that may rival or exceed Halley's astronomers at the U. S. Naval Observatory
Comet of 1910 in brilliance. in Washington report. At that time, its
Observers in the Southern I Hemisphere distance from the sun will be about 30,000,-
will have the first crack at seeing the comet 000 miles, or about one-third the distance
as it starts drawing away from the sun of the earth from the sun: Its distance from
after April 8. Astronomers in the Northern after April 8. Astronomers in the Northern the carth will be about 85,000,000 miles at the carth will be about 85,000,000 miles at
Hemisphere will have to wait until toward the same time.
the end of April for their first look at During March and the first part of April,
Cornet Arend-Roland. Comnet Arend-Roland. the comet's apparent position in the sky the comet's apparent position in the sky
Known also as comet 1956-h, it was dis- Known also as comet 1956 h, it was dis- will be too close to the sun to permit ob-
covered by S. Arend and M. Roland on servations. After mid-April, however, the servations. After mid-April, however, the
photographs taken at the Royal Observa- comet will move rapidly northward in the
tory, Uccle, Belgium, on Nov. 8, 1956. At tory, Uccle, Belgiun, on Nov. 8, 1956. At sky. Then it will appear very low in the sky. Then it will appear very low in the
that time, the comet was a diffuse object that time, the comet was a diffuse object northwest sky after sunset, between the
of magnitude 10, too faint to be seen with- constellations of Andromeda and Aries, the constellations of Andromeda and Aries, the
out a telescope. Since then, many obser. ram.
vations have been made by astronomers vations have been made by astronomers Its brilliance will fade rapidly as it climbs
around the world, and several orbits have around the world, and several orbits have in the sky, and the object is expected to
been computed. been computed. disappear from naked eye view by the first disappear from naked-eye view by the first
The magnitude Comet Arend-Roland will of June, although it will continue to be
have when it is again seen is not known visible through a telescope for a few more
definitely. Although it is expected to be weeks.
quite bright, predictions of a comet's mag- On April 22, the comet will be in the
nitude are notoriously uncertain. Whether constellation, Triangulum, the triangle, very
it will, in fact, make as spectacular a heaven- close to the position where it was first
ly display as Halley's Comet will not be spotted five and one-half months previously.
known until Comet Arend-Roland is again Images of the comet have since been
visible. found on photographs taken on Nov. 7,
The reason is that passage near the sun one day earlier than the original discovery.
affects the internal constitution of a comet, These photographs were made by S. Kaho
and sometimes a comet brightens much of the Tokyo Observatory for research con-
more than is expected. This was the case nected with variable stars.
with Halley's Comet. Science News Letter, April 6, 1957

released to NICAP by a New Zealand me at a slight angle bearing ato the left. unmistakable impression of its shape.
fishing-boat captain and boat builder. It then tilted at a steep angle and, shooting It was a huge disc. Its rapid movements
Withheld from publication until now, upwards, showed its circular shape clearly. suggested tremendous power, Moving in
this report by Ronald L. Matheson of Mount It appeared as big as a florin held at arm's horizontal flight, it appeared to cover a
Maunganui, New Zealand, is backed by length. The rapid maneuvers it made distance of miles in as many seconds. I
his employer, Samuel E. Rix, Director of covered an arc of about 15 degrees. For consider that it was a very large object
the Tauranga Big Game Fishing Club. Rix a period of at least twenty ininutes I and may have been several hundred feet
fully vouches for Matheson's qualifications watched these movements, while I steered in diameter. I make this statement having
and integrity and also states that he accepts the Rosa out towards the Hauraki Gulf. seen Pan American airliners at what I be-
the report as genuine and accurate. Not knowing the actual size of the lieve to be approximately the sarne distance.
object makes it hard for me to say how far Just before flying off, it leveled out and
Mr. Matheson's report follows: away it was. I believe though that it was then moved away very rapidly in horizontal
some miles away. The object was very flight, passing over the mainland in the
I am a licensed skipper of the Tauranga clearly defined. Smoke poured out from direction of Warkworth and Cape Rodney
Big Game Fishing Club, and am also a its curving sides, narrowed immediately in the upper Hauraki Gulf. The tangle of
builder. I have lived at Mount Maunganui behind, then broadened out into a widen- smoke trails remained for some time, then
for slightly over twenty years, but have ing but thinning wake astern. The smoke slowly faded out of the evening sky.
never before seen anything even remotely was a dark greyish color and the trails During all these rapid maneuvers I heard
similar to similar to the object described in the object described in this this remained in the sky for at least ten min- remained in the sky for at least ten min- no sound. However, the noise no sound. However, the noise my boat my boat
account. utes before vanishing. engine was making may have muffled any
other sound.
The description given is as accurate as
I can make it. I feel that what I saw is
important enough to justify study and hope
that this report—fantastic as it may appear—
will be given serious consideration.
Statement by Samuel E. Rix, Director,
Tauranga Big Game Fishing Club
"I have known Mr. Ronald Matheson "I have known Mr. Ronald Matheson
since 1946 and can testify that he is a since 1946 and can testify that he is a
most reliable person. He has previously
been very skeptical about reports of unusual
flying objects. Now, however, he is most
assured about what he has seen and feels
that it is not a matter for argument.
"Knowing his practical attitude and
steadiness, I am prepared to accept the
accuracy of his report. It is his belief that
the unidentified object described was of
terrestrial origin and that its existence is
being kept secret for security reasons. In
my opinion, this is doubtful."
This photo, reportedly showing a smoke-trailing UFO over Peru, was taken by a custom's
administrator. (Credit: James Moseley. See story for details.) NICAP Comment
On April 27, 1957, at 4:30 pm, I was The object appeared greyish but had it This report is unique because of the
naviguting fhe Rosa, "a fishing boat, off been made of polished aluminum, say, it combination of unusual smnoke trails and
Port Charles on the Coromandel coast. I would not have reflected light, the sun violent maneuvers. The disc's description
was approaching Channel Island when I being beneath and to the left of it. as dark or greyish is not unusual with day-
noticed an irregular smoke trail which It gave me the unmistakab!e impression time reports of objects not in position to
seemed to rise from behind the island. As that it was some form of controlled flying reflect sunlight. It seerns clear, however,
I came abreast of Channel Island I saw an machine, but its flight was so rapid that that the object was not a light source, or
oval, disc-shaped object from which the by comparison a jet plane would appear self-duminous, as many UF O's are described.
smoke or furnes were streaming. The object ridiculously slow. I want to make that The presence of smoke trails and simul-
was travelling horizontally. Two saucers clear. The thing was being flown, or taneous violent maneuvers possibly could
fitted together face to face would be directed. Somebody was flying it. be evidence that the UFO was having
roughly similar to its appearance. Smoke I must also s stress that I saw this object mechanical trouble, especially y since it
strearned away from its sides as it moved in clear daylight and as it made so many (Continued on Page 13)

various intricate monevvers, includirg a plane from a neorly vertical angie.
squore pattern. Although the UFO oncs "Even if the plore was pressurized at
descerded to a low alrirude estimated at Saverai members bave cskad NiCap 10,coo feet, there would be no damage
3,00o feer, wimesses hoard no sound. choufcharges by warious UFO imvestigators such as this.... Remember the two rear-
Aside from the smoke-trail focmor, the that they hove been silenced by three collisions lont month by nirliners with co-
dise's swift shonges of course beor a closm mysterious "men in block suins. " To these jects, in which h passengers werm injured?
resemblence to the UFO mnaneuvers re- queries Mirs. Ragna Soiling, aFresno, "It is about time the Air Force lats us
ported by Coptain W. J. Hull, Copital Califomia member, askas whethe/theme hes know just wnat is goingyon in our skies."
Airlines. oisewherm in rhis issue. been ony attempt to silence NyCAp. I is true that Western Aidlines Coprain
(Sre "UFO Encounter Convinces Air- Whila there hava . been feveral dis- Milton Shirk ar firat believed thare hod
Iiner Caprain, Former Skeptic") couragements,mainiy from orfalal refusols ·been a coliision.
of offlcialLFOinformation forouranalysis, "I thouant commbody can inko me." he
1752, whilaon a furm intha Modre do Dios invoive mifitory securily to andanger
wectlonut Parv, he and athen sond a soucer. the safety oi the Unired States. SHOW NICAP MAGAZINE TO YOUR
It w0s coout 4:30 p.7. and rhay were Mitmges io UFO signtingy to 0- LOCAL NEWSPAPER EDITCR
rallking to Limo by radia. ported that they ware asked or foid o to
"gudelenly, occording to Bardi, the rodio talk abuut the coves. Some wimesses as Copies of this owouzine will be sannto
went dead. They looknd our he window a resu, have rarused to discues thair along with
and san a round objnet going by at high sightings. But under the policy shated by prasa reieona stress imoorfent iteme. 1f
seed. (The witrores included Pedro the Air Fores, there Is no cuthariry for your local 2700n do nt merrion thera
Arwiloro, owner of tre form.) The obisct such on ortier with tho exception pro maln nes iod. plea wnd or hnw ihs
hed pasled, ir was of on estingtd 100 viowly renrioned. cepy to ur loesr one

From the southwest, r above the horizon, in 'VI
formation, streaked across the s the northeastern part
/ of the night of the night sky sky. The objects were very light luminous blue, and their The objects were blue, and their appar- appar-
ent size vas ent size vas about that of a pirhead about that of a pinhead a arm's leng m's len Their apparent apparent elevation
remained about the same (30 degrees); remained about the same (30 degrees); however, however, ther as slight downward slight downward
vcd slant (about 5 degrees) from the horizontal plane, toward the northeast. They
$\Afa were in view for approximately tilo and a half seconds; they did not appear to they did not appear to
$^ra }$ change their shape, color, or brightness. "I've watched the sky through the
telescope and with the naked eye for some telescope and with the naked eye for some time and I can say I have never seen
anything as odd or as strange as these four anrything as odd or as strange as these four objects. In fact it gives one a
kind of feeling one does not soon forget." Mr. Mr. drew the flight path of
the objects on a star map; it passes between Polaris and the Comet Arend-Roland. the objects on a star map; it passes between Polaris and the Comet Arend-Roland.

ville, L.I. O 8:05 p.m. while look-
ing for th ing for the met. They looked 'right after sunset' as the papers had urged
them to do, most roneously, roneously, and saw in the northwest sky: and saw in the northwest sky: "...the comet. It "...the comet. It
had a red body and red red I tail and was moving so fast that by the time we called tail and was moving so fast that by the time we called
a neighbor i a neighbor it t was was only a faint only a faint grey streak in the skcy." grey streak in the sky." Since I knew from per- Since I knew from per-
sonal observation that Arend-Roland sonal hat Arend-Roland was only visible in complete was only visible in complete darkness (two
hours after sunset, and their observation was made in daylight) and most cer-
tainly was moving about, I vent over and nailed the details dorm. about, I went over and nailed the details dovm.
The ten-mimute period of observation is an estimated one. The ten-mimute period observation is an estimated one. The object caught The object caught
their eyes in the northwest sky about 15 degrees above the horizon (or houses) their eyes in the northwest sky about 15 degrees above the horizon (or houses)
and was moving steadily towards the west and losing elevation, elevation, Red, elongated
body; red, slightly fan-like tail about as long red, slightly fan-like tail about as long as as the body, "most definitely the body, "most definitely
not an a airplane." It flew behind a TV aerial some hoo feet away "which was of was of
the same dimension." dime a arm's length approximated the aerial's expanse.
The object became fainter, turned into a grey streak almost due vest and was
lost to sight entirely slightly south of west. lirs. van Allen is my sister."

No Case (Information Only) 29 April 1957
Virginia, Minnesota
Source: UFO Investigator July-August 1960
A8R29 VIRGINIA, WINA
Pobart Larda
43U 71
2gmup As ngmupe d s and
=lrus parjod bag alrus porlod bagin ark 10:1S 2..
The LFce, givlny olf a groeniah lighs The Lree, giviny olf a roenian iichs
travalled from a o ant t a travallad from aek oeaa
stedy cmedaking ou 3 aor sacv omadaking ou 3 atore
to go from horizon to hortzon. to go from horizon to horizon.
Through 1ixso btnocular, the cojeete Through 1sxo btnocular, the cojecte
poew-d o  fiattannd or dlaa-lixe ponw-d o e fiattennd or dlaa-lixe
and they mowed in crescwens formation. and they mowed in crescwent formation.

MAY 1957 SIGHTINGS
DATE LOCATION OBSERVER EVALUATION
Washington, D. C. SEPARATE Astro (METEOR)
Ealloon (PHOTO)
Lake Silkworth, Ealloon
Cincinnati, Ohio Aircraft
Denver, Colorado Astro (METEOR)
HNNN Goodland, Kansas-Stead AFB, Nevada Astro (METEOR)
McClellan AFB, California. . Other (ROCKErS)
Santa Rosa Island, California alrvary. Aircraft
Canton, Ohio Aircraft
Jackson, Mississippi Insufficient Data
7 Fargo, North Dakota Aircraft
7-8 Macon, Georgia (iN LDLD.N PHOTOS 1. Aircraft
FOLDER CIN SEPMLATE FOLLOWING 2. Other (PARACHUTE
Bel Air, Maryland FULDER) Astro (STARs/PLANETS
12
13 San Angelo, Texas: Aircraft
14 Tallmadge, Ohio (CASE MISSING) Ivilian Aircraft
14 14 Springfield, Missouri Multi Multi AstroMETEOR Astro (METEOR)
20 20 Laredo, Texas Laredo, Texas Military Insufficient Data Data
21 Ventura, California Ventura, California Insufficient Insufficient Data
21 21 Eerlin, Germany Berlin, Germany Mlitary Mlitary Balloon Balloon
23 Kansas City, Kansas Kansas City, Kansas Multi Aircraft Aircraft
24 Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin Aircraft
Kings Park, Long Island, New York Other (INCON. INFO)
Chestertown, Maryland Murtr Murtr Other (FLARES)
NN Elkhorn, Wisconsin Other (FLARE)
Loring AFB, Maine Loring AFB, Maine Insufficient Data
Ft Meyers, Florida Balloon
Yuma, Arizona Astro (METEOR) Astro (METEOR)
27 Miami, Florida Astro (IMETEOR)
Bristol, Tennessee (CASE MISsING) Civir Airlines Astro (STAR)
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Multi Astro (METEOR)
Houma, Louisiana Military (RADAR) Other (ANOMALOUS PROI
Worchester, Ohio Civiltan Insufficient Data
Great Falls, Montana Balloon
Detroit, Michigan reary (RADAR) Aircraft
Ealtimore, Maryland Civilian Insufficient Data
Terre Haute, Indiana Astro (NOON)
ADDITIONAL REPORTED SIGETINGS (NOT CASES) 1
DATE LOCATION SOURCE EVALUATION
$1f-2 1 Greenwich, Connecticut Newsclipping
WiLmington, Delaware Meteor Society
1-2 Hamilton, Óhio Newselipping
Mount Vernon, New York Newsolipping
Brooklyn, New York Newselipping
Cape Cod, Massachusetts Newselipping
Eirmingham, England Newselipping
Inoxviile, Tennescee Hevselipping.
-23 Caldwell, New Jersey Munsich (Ltr)
Cincinnati, Ohio Nevsclipping
Washington, New Jersey Newsclipping

SCiEncE News LevreR for June 29, 1957
ASTRONOMY 411
Comet's Tail E Explained
> THE STRANGE SUNWARD tail of the
Comet Arend-Roland, consisted of small brightest naked-eye comet since Halley's, spread out in the plane of the orbit and
omer reports. particles seen edge-on, an American astron- scen as the sunward tail was cjected from the comet's central part or nucleus.
Comet Arend-Roland, first sighted last small and widely separated solid bodies held Comets are believed to be a swarm of
when it seen November by two Belgian astronomers, was by millions about the end of April ing gravel loosely together bank by mutual attraction, a fly-
sky. It startled many by having two tails, shown brightly in the northwest sun's vicinity. paying a brief visit to the
a conventional one pushed away from the Science News Lotter, June 29, 1957
one, a long slender jet pointed directly to- comet's core by sunlight, and a surprising
ward the sun. (See SNL, May 11, p. 303.) Dr. Fred d I. Whipple, cirector of the
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Astrophysical Observatory,
theory is needed to account for the growth theory is needed to account for the growih Cambridge, Mass., says "no extraordinary"
of the sunward tail by more than 10, 000,000 miles in a few days and its rapid of the sunward tail by more than 10,-
sulted from the concentration of debris sulted fromn the concentration of debris decline. The tail "almost certainly" re- decline. The tail "almost certainly" re- .
then strewn over an area in the orbital driven out of the comet by the sun's heat, driven out of the comet by the sun's heat,
plane.
reports in Nature (June 5), the material When viewed at an angle, Dr. Whipple
when seen edge-on, as it was when the could not be observed easily. However, could not be observed easily. However,
on April 25, the material showed up clearly earth crossed the plane of the comet's orbit
as a line of considerable intensity. The sunward jet of Comet Arend-Roland The sunward jet of Comet Arend-Roland .
22 to a long narrow spike covering dev eloped from a diffuse fan-sh dev eloped from a diffuse fan-shape on April 22
millions of miles on April 25. By April 29, the jet disappeared because the particles many
orbit. had moved out of the plane of the comnet's were too far apart to be seen after the carth
Dr. Whipple reports that the fine debris

7
RADIO ASTRCNOMY
Watch Radio Waves From
Comet Rivaling Halley's
THE COMET Arend-RolaNd predicted THE COMET Arend-Roland predicted
to rival or outshine Hallev's in brightness or outshine Hallev's in brightness
is being scanned for radio waves. (Sce p. is being scanned for radio waves. (Sce p.
250.)
The Government's largest radio telescope, The Government's largest radio telescope,
asensitive, 5(-foox antenna at the Naval Re. a sensitive, 50l-foox antenna at the Naval Re.
search Laboratory in Washington, is tuned search Laboratory in Washington, is tuned
in at a frequency near 1667 megacycles, in at a frequency near 1667 megncycles,
ind aimed at che comet's expected position and aimed at che comet's expected position
in the skv.
The Naval Rescarch Laboratory scien-
tists are looking for the hydroxvi group.
OHi, in the comet's tail. This group has
been seen opucally in comet cails, and is
predicted to emit radio waves at abonut 1667
inegacycies. If the hvdroxvl is tound, it
will be the first time that its radio waves
have been detected from any heavenly ob
ject.. Science Mews Larter, April 20. 1957
.

Comer Has Its Picture ASTRONOMY
Taken in Blue Light
See Front Cover
COMET AREND-ROLAND, nOW Visible
Comet Arend-Roland
See Page 303
MELICAT

be in the northwest, just above the constella- smaller group called the Sickle, with cury does not come precisely between sun
tion of Perseus, between the bright star Regulus at the end of the handle, which and earth, but rather it is north or south
Capella and the W-shaped group of stars points downward. To the left of Jupiter, in of the line from our planet to the sun.
marking Cassiopeia. Virgo, stands Spica, and above this figure Occasionally, however, Mercury does come
After that it will move up toward Ursa is Bootes, the bear-driver. Arcturus is the right in front of the sun, as we view it,
Major, the great bear, passing to the left bright star in this group. producing what is called a transit.
of the pointers (the two stars in the great Low in the southeast, near Saturn, is
dipper which indicate the direction of the another star of the first magnitude, Antares, Transit of Mercury
pole starduring June. in Scorpius, the scorpion. This, too, is
Its path is indicated on the accompanying greatly dimmed because it is so near the Such an event occurs on May 5. It will
maps, which show the brighter stars and horizon. take about two hours for the planet to pass
planets as they will appear about 10.00 p.m., Low in the west are a few of the bright completely across the solar dise. From the completely across the solar disc. From the
your own kind of standard time, at the your own kind of standard time, at the constellations of winter, now making their extreme eastern part of the nation, the tran-
first of May, an hour earlier in the middle last stand before thcy disappear for the sit cannot be seen. Over most of the coun- sit cannot be seen. Over most of the coun.
of the month, and two hours earlier at the summer months. There are Castor and summer months. There are Castor and try, the sun will set while the transit is
end. end. Pollux, in Gemini, the group in which Mars in progress, but in the far west the entire in progress, but in the far west the entire
appears. To the right is Auriga, the chario- transit will be observable.
Other Bright Planets teer, with Capella. Canis Minor, the lesser Mercury is much smaller than the sun
dog, stands to the left, with Procyon its and, at the time of the transit, appears only
In addition to the comet, two planets brightest star. about 1/160th the solar diameter. This
will be shining brightly during May even- Of the five planets that are ever visible means that it cannot be seen, as it crosses
ings. A third will be seen if you know to the naked eye, four will be seen, though the sun's face, without some telescopic aid
where to look and a fourth may be glimpsed perhaps with a little difficulty, during May. having a magnification of at least 100.
low in the west as the month closes. The fifth is Mercury, and although it will Of course, one should never look at the
Jupiter is the brightest of these. It stands not appear in the evening sky, it will also sun directly-particularly not with a tele-
bigh in the south, a little east of the me-
ridian as the sun sets on May 1. After that
it remains in view into the early morning
hours. Jupiter, of magnitude minus two
on the astronomical brighrness scale, is in CANES VENATICI
the eastern end of the consteilation of Leo,
the lion, close to the next-door group of BOOTES COMA BERENICES
Virgo, the virgin. 1957 MAY
Saturn, the second planet, considerably CORONA Arcturus Denebola "SICKLE"
fainter, but still comparable to a bright star, LEO Regulus
is low in the southeast, in Ophiuchus, the HERCULES Jupiter
serpent-bearer. VIRGO CANCER
The third planet is Mars, to the northwest SERRENS Spica CRATER
in Gemini, the twins. This planet has now OPHIUCHUS LIBRA CORVUS
pulled so far away that it resembles a star CANIS MINOR
of the second magnitude, and its low alti- HYDRA Procyon
tude makes it look even fainter. Saturn
Venus, the fourth planet, is not shown on SCORPIUS CENTAURUS
the map. On April 14, it passed behind Antares
the san and was, therefore, invisible. By EAST dace WEST
May I it will! be far enough to the east
of the sun that it will remain above the RIGHTNESS

ScIEncE News Lerrer for April 20, 1957
BIG DIPPER
MAY URSA Mizar BOOTES
1257 LYNX MA.JOR
CANCER POINTERS
19 HERCULES
Potlux d May URSA
Castor MINOR ORACO
Mays Polaris Vega
GEMINI AURIGA
May! CEPHEUS LYRA:
OMars Capella CASSIOPEIA
CYGNUS
TAURUS PERSEUS. Deneb
IWEST EAST
scope-and special attachments are provided With smoked glass or other suitable pro-
for telescope e eyepicces to enable one to tection for looking directly at the sun,
make solar observations without danger. Venus can be seen as a dark, round spot,
Also, when a telescope is pointed to the moving slowly across the bright solar dise. C
sun, its image may be projected on a sheet On May 13 there will be a total lunar
of white paper held a little distance in eclipse, as the moon passes thirough the
back of the eyepiece. carth's shadow. It will be visible generally
With such aids as these, amateur astrono- in Europe, Asia, Africa and over the Atlan-
mers all over the country will be busy tic Ocean but will end 6:10 p. m., EST,
watching the sun on the evening of May 5, before moonrise in the eastern U. S. and
to see Mercury crossing it. Canada.
However, the moon will remain partly
Transit's Time Schedule Transit's Time Schedule in the earth's shadow until 7:17 p.m., and
by then it will have risen for some points by then it will have risen for some points
In New York the planet will In New York the planet will start to enter I start to enter along the Atlantic Coast.
the disc of the sun at 6:56 p. m., EST, People at these locations may notice, just
just as the sun is about to set. St. Iouis just as the sun is about to set. St. I.ouis after the moon appears, a curious shading
will see the beginning of the transit at 5:56 of its upper edge, where it has not yet
p. m., CST, and at 6:06 CST the planet emerged into full sunlight.
will be fully in front of the sun. Astrono- Celestial Time Table for May Celestial Time Table for
mers around San Francisco will be watch- May
ing the entrance of the planet on the sun's ing the entrance of the planet on the sun's MAY EST
disc between 3:57 and 4:07 p. m., PST. 1:07 p.m. Moon passes Mars.
At about 5:14 PST Mercury will be nearest 3 late
the sun's center. At 6:19, in the Bay area, the sun's cepter. At 6:l9. in the Bas 5 afternoon Transit of Mercury across face
the planet will start across the sun's edge of sun (sue text).
again, and at 6:29 PST the transit will be 8 10:00 p.m. Moon nearest, distance 229,200
over. miles.
Mercury will be moving from east toward 9 1:39 p.m. Moon passes Jupiter.
the west so its passage across the sun will 13 5:34 p.m. Full moon, and total eclipse of
be downwards. The whole event will moon, visible along castern coast
occur near the righthand edge of the sun, of U. S. (see text).
15 4:20 a.m. Moon passes Saturn.
or between two and three if you think of 21 11:00 a.m. Moon farthest, distance 251,200
the sun as a clock-face. miles.
During this century there are 14 transits 12:03 p.m. Moon in last quarter.
of Mercury, two of which are grazing con- 29 6:39 a.m. New moon.
tacts-ten in November, four in May. The 30 4:56 a.m. Moon passes Venus.
last occurred Nov. 14, 1953, but the last Subtract one hour for CST, two hours for
full transit at this time of year was on MST. and three for PST.
May 7, 1924. The next will occur Nov. 7, Science News Letter, April 20, 1957
1960, and the next May transit on the
cighth in 1970.
Only Venus and Mercury can undergo
transits, since they are the only planets
nearer the sun than the carth.
Transits of Venus are far more rare, and
there is none in the 20th century. The
last happened on Dec. 6, 1sS2, and the
next will come on June 8, 2004.
Since Venus is considerably larger than
Mercury, as well as nearer to the carth, dur-
ing a transit it can be seen in front of
the sun without the aid of a telescope.